19.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文.作文中共有 10 處語言錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處.每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改. 增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏子符號(hào)(∧)并在其下面寫出該加的詞. 刪除:在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞. 注意:1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞;.只允許修改 10 處,多者(從第 11 處起)不計(jì)分.
Nowadays,it is very easily to find a student who is nearsighted.What's worse,the number of nearsighted students are still increasing.From my point of view,there are many reason that can cause nearsightedness.First of all,the wrong posture will result from nearsightedness.Read in the dark places can lead to nearsightedness as well as.Moreover,too much reading without a rest can be other important reason.My dear friends,it is high time that we paid attention to protect our eyes.The most useful method is do eye exercises more often and relax for a while after reading.Watching green trees could also do good to the eyes.

分析 本文作者除了分析了造成學(xué)生們近視的原因之外,還向讀者提出了保護(hù)視力的倡議以及保護(hù)視力的方法.

解答 Nowadays,it is very easily to find a student who is nearsighted.
What's worse,the number of nearsighted students are still increasing.
From my point of view,there are many reason that can cause nearsightedness.
First of all,the wrong posture will result from nearsightedness.Read in the 
dark places can lead to nearsightedness as well as.Moreover,too much reading 
without a rest can be other important reason.My dear friends,it is high time that 
we paid attention to protect our eyes.The most useful method is∧do eye exercises 
more often and relax for a while after reading.Watching green trees could also do 
good to the eyes.
詳解:
1.easily改為easy   考查句型結(jié)構(gòu)    此處符合"It's+形容詞+to do…意為:做某事怎么樣"這一結(jié)構(gòu),意為:找到一個(gè)眼睛近視的學(xué)生很容易;故用形容詞easy.
2.a(chǎn)re改為is   考查時(shí)態(tài)以及主謂一致    根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語Nowadays可知,本句應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);由于本句的主語是the number(指的是…的數(shù)量),故謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用第三人稱單數(shù)形式;故用is.
3.reason改為reasons   考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)     此處用在many之后,指的是許多原因;由于reason是可數(shù)名詞;故用復(fù)數(shù)名詞reasons.
4.from改為in    考查固定搭配    result in:導(dǎo)致,結(jié)果是;本句的意思是:錯(cuò)誤的姿勢(shì)會(huì)導(dǎo)致近視;故用in.
5.Read改為Reading   考查動(dòng)名詞    此處在句中作主語,表示的是抽象動(dòng)作,故用動(dòng)名詞reading.
6.去掉第二個(gè)as   考查固定搭配    as well as:也,和;常用來連接兩個(gè)并列的成分;as well:又,也;常位于句末作狀語,相當(dāng)于too或also;此處用于句末作狀語,故去掉第二個(gè)as.
7.other改為another   考查形容詞    other:其他的;another:另一個(gè),另外的;此處指的是除了上文提到的"Read in the dark places"之外的另一個(gè)重要的原因;故用another.
8.protect改為protecting    考查動(dòng)名詞     由于pay attention to中的to為介詞,故其后應(yīng)跟名詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語;故用protecting.
9.is后加to    考查動(dòng)詞不定式     此處在句中作表語,表示將要進(jìn)行的具體動(dòng)作,應(yīng)使用動(dòng)詞不定式;故在is后加to.   
10.could改為can  考查時(shí)態(tài)   此處陳述的是某種事實(shí)情況,應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);故用can.

點(diǎn)評(píng) 短文改錯(cuò)是集語法知識(shí)與語言技能為一體的綜合性試題,主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)詞匯、語法和語篇三要素的把握能力.錯(cuò)誤類型一般有:缺詞、多詞和錯(cuò)詞.常見的錯(cuò)誤有:1 詞法錯(cuò)誤,主要包括動(dòng)詞、名詞、冠詞、形容詞、副詞、代詞和介詞等詞類誤用、同義詞混淆使用、固定搭配等方面.解答此類試題時(shí),需要正確分析句子成分,熟練掌握各詞類的用法以及掌握一些固定搭配等.2 常見句法錯(cuò)誤.通常表現(xiàn)為簡(jiǎn)單句、復(fù)合句以及疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句等錯(cuò)誤.解答此類試題時(shí),需要掌握各類句子的句式結(jié)構(gòu)及意義用法.3 應(yīng)在理解文章大意的前提下,進(jìn)行作答.

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