Don't blame genes for aging facial skin. A new study of twins suggests you can 1 those coarse(粗糙的) wrinkles, brown or pink spots, and dilated(膨脹的) blood vessels on too much time in the sun, smoking, and being overweight.
Because twins share genes, but may have 2 exposures to environmental factors, studying twins allows an, "opportunity to control for genetic susceptibility(敏感性)," Dr. Elma D. Baron, at Case Western Reserve School of Medicine in Cleveland, Ohio, and colleagues 3 in the latest issue of Archives of Dermatology.
Their analysis of environmental skin-damaging factors in 65 pairs of twins hints that skin aging is 4 more to environment and lifestyle than 5 factors.
But when it 6 skin cancer, the researchers say their findings support previous reports that 7 environment and genes affect skin cancer risk.
Baron's team 8 facial skin of 130 twins, 18 to 77 years old, who lived 9 in the northern Midwest and Eastern regions of the U.S. who were 10 the Twins Days Festival in Ohio in August 2002.
At this time, each of the twins also 11 reported how their skin burned or tanned 12 sunscreen(防曬霜), their weight, and their history of skin cancer, smoking, and alcohol drinking.
The study group 13 of 52 fraternal and 10 identical twin pairs, plus 3 pairs who were unsure of their twin status. Identical(同卵的) twins share all of their genes and fraternal twins share only about half.
From these data, the researchers 14 strong ties, outside of twin status, between smoking, older age, and being overweight, and having facial skin with evidence of environmental 15
16 contrast, sunscreen use and drinking alcohol appeared correlated with 17 skin damage.
Baron and colleagues say the current findings, which highlight ties between facial 18 and potentially avoidable 19 factors -- such as smoking, being overweight, and 20 overexposure to the sun's damaging rays -- may help motivate people to minimize these risky behaviors.
( ) 1. A. blame B. owe C. take D. bring
( ) 2. A. same B. different C. similar D. common
( ) 3. A. explain B. confirm C. declare D. shout
( ) 4. A. equal B. related C. close D. strict
( ) 5. A. characteristic B. personal C. natural D. genetic
( ) 6. A. comes to B. talks of C. refers to D. gets to
( ) 7. A. all B. neither C. both D. either
( ) 8. A. examined B. checked C. inspected D. interviewed
( ) 9. A. most B. usually C. mostly D. always
( ) 10. A. joining B. representing C. attending D. remarking
( ) 11. A. separately B. lonely C. commonly D. truly
( ) 12. A. with B. on C. in D. without
( ) 13. A. consisted B. made up C. contained D. included
( ) 14. A. documented B. recorded C. reported D. noted
( ) 15. A. damage B. exploration C. protection D. material
( ) 16. A. In B. By C. As D. At
( ) 17. A. lesser B. more C. no D. fewer
( ) 18. A. look B. aging C. expression D. wrinkle
( ) 19. A. environmental B. genetic C. emotional D. psychological
( ) 20. A. protected B. planned C. unprotected D. prevented
1-20 ABABD ACACC ADADA BABAC
本文用一項(xiàng)針對(duì)雙胞胎開(kāi)展的最新研究表明，皺紋、紅褐斑以及血管瘤等皮膚問(wèn)題和長(zhǎng)時(shí)間日曬、吸煙以及體重超標(biāo)有關(guān)。完成本完形填空的基本思路是聯(lián)系上下文語(yǔ)言邏輯的同時(shí)，要緊密結(jié)合日常生活中的常識(shí)。
1. A你可以把皺紋、紅褐斑以及血管瘤等皮膚問(wèn)題歸因于長(zhǎng)時(shí)間日曬、吸煙以及體重超標(biāo)有關(guān)。由此我們得知此空要填上表示：把…..歸因于…..，A項(xiàng)blame和on搭配剛好表示這個(gè)意思。B項(xiàng)owe要和介詞to才表示這樣的意思。CD兩項(xiàng)和on搭配分別表示呈現(xiàn)和帶來(lái)之意，再說(shuō)他們兩個(gè)只能構(gòu)成take on…….和bring on…….這樣的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。
2. B由于雙胞胎擁有相同的基因，但可能受到的環(huán)境因素的影響不同，因此研究雙胞胎可以“對(duì)基因易感性加以控制”，此空需要填上表示不同的含義的詞，也即是B項(xiàng)，而ACD項(xiàng)所表達(dá)的意思：相同，相似，共同之意。
3. A位于美國(guó)俄亥俄州克里夫蘭的凱斯西儲(chǔ)醫(yī)學(xué)院的艾爾瑪??D??巴倫博士及其同事在最新一期的《皮膚病學(xué)檔案》中解釋稱……我們不難看出此處表示解釋之意的動(dòng)詞，也即是A項(xiàng)explain，而B(niǎo)CD項(xiàng)所表達(dá)是證實(shí)，宣布，大喊的意思，不符合此處的語(yǔ)言邏輯。
4. B研究人員對(duì)65對(duì)雙胞胎的皮膚損傷環(huán)境影響因素進(jìn)行分析后發(fā)現(xiàn)，環(huán)境和生活方式跟皮膚老化的關(guān)系大于遺傳因素，此處應(yīng)該填上表示相關(guān)之意的形容詞，也即是B項(xiàng)related。而ACD項(xiàng)依次分別所表達(dá)的意思：相等，接近，嚴(yán)格，都不符合此處的語(yǔ)言邏輯。
5. D上一題的分析我們不難看出此處應(yīng)該填上表示基因方面的之意，也就即是D項(xiàng)：genetic（基因的），ABC項(xiàng)依次分別所表示的意思：特征的，個(gè)人的，自然的兒都不符合此處的上下文之間語(yǔ)意。
6. A但在皮膚癌的問(wèn)題上，研究人員稱他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)與之前的研究一樣，認(rèn)為環(huán)境和基因?qū)计つw癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)均有影響。我們不難看出此處應(yīng)該填上表示在……的問(wèn)題上，在…….方面之意的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，而A項(xiàng)其實(shí)固定結(jié)構(gòu)when it comes to……就表示這樣的意思，而B(niǎo)CD項(xiàng)依次分別所表達(dá)的意思：說(shuō)起（其主語(yǔ)通常是某個(gè)人），涉及或者參考（其主語(yǔ)通常是某個(gè)人），到達(dá)（其主語(yǔ)通常是某個(gè)人），不符合此處的上下文之間語(yǔ)言邏輯，也不是固定結(jié)構(gòu)。
7. C由上一題的分析我們?nèi)菀椎贸龃颂帒?yīng)該填上表示兩者都……之意的連詞，也即是C項(xiàng)：both，而ABD項(xiàng)依次分別所表達(dá)的意思：三者以上都……，兩者都不…..，兩者中的任何一個(gè)……
8. A巴倫的研究小組對(duì)130個(gè)年齡從18歲到77歲的雙胞胎的面部皮膚進(jìn)行了研究。分析后我們不難看出此處應(yīng)該填上表示研究之意的動(dòng)詞，也就是A項(xiàng)examined。而B(niǎo)CD項(xiàng)依次分別所表達(dá)的意思是：核對(duì)，視察，采訪。
9. C這些雙胞胎大部分居住在美國(guó)中西部偏北地區(qū)和東部地區(qū)，其中的大部分是副詞用來(lái)修飾live。A項(xiàng)most（代詞的時(shí)候是大部分的意思）具有很大的迷惑性，但most作副詞時(shí)，意思是：很，極其，非常。BD兩項(xiàng)依次分別所表達(dá)的意思是通常，一直，和這兒的語(yǔ)言邏輯不契合。
10. C他們于2002年8月參加了在俄亥俄州舉行的“雙胞胎節(jié)”，其中的參加就是C項(xiàng)attending，而ABD項(xiàng)所表達(dá)的意思中就數(shù)A項(xiàng)容易讓人上當(dāng)，但是它表示此意的時(shí)候要和介詞in搭配，BD兩項(xiàng)的意思是：描述，陳述。
11. A在這項(xiàng)研究中，每對(duì)雙胞胎也分別報(bào)告了他們的皮膚在沒(méi)有涂防曬霜的情況下曬傷或曬黑的情況、他們的體重、患皮膚癌、吸煙以及喝酒的歷史，經(jīng)過(guò)分析我們不難看出此處應(yīng)該填上表示分別之意的副詞用來(lái)修飾reported，也就是A項(xiàng)separately，而不是BCD項(xiàng)依次分別所表達(dá)的意思：孤獨(dú)地，共同地，真實(shí)地。
12. D由上一題的分析我們不難看出此處應(yīng)該填上表示沒(méi)有之意的介詞，也即是D項(xiàng)：without，而不是ABC三項(xiàng)項(xiàng)依次分別所表達(dá)的意思：和，在….上，在…..里。
13. A這組研究對(duì)象由52對(duì)異卵雙胞胎和10對(duì)同卵雙胞胎，以及三對(duì)不確定自己屬于哪種類型的雙胞胎組成。我們可以確定此處要填上表示由……組成，也即是A項(xiàng)：consisted，B項(xiàng)的具有很大的迷惑性，但是它表示的意思是：……組成了…….，CD項(xiàng)依次分別所表達(dá)的意思：包含，包括，好像都行，但是它們都不和of連用。
14. D研究人員通過(guò)分析這些數(shù)據(jù)后指出，不論哪種類型的雙胞胎，受到環(huán)境傷害的面部皮膚與吸煙、年齡增長(zhǎng)、體重超標(biāo)有很大關(guān)系。此處應(yīng)該填上表示指出，發(fā)現(xiàn)，或者得到結(jié)論之類的動(dòng)詞，這四項(xiàng)中只有D項(xiàng)noted(指出指明以強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果)，而ABC三項(xiàng)依次分別所表達(dá)的意思：用正式的文件記錄，用磁帶等錄制，以新聞的形式報(bào)告。
15. A由上一題的分析很容易弄清楚此處應(yīng)該填上表示傷害的名詞，也即是A項(xiàng)：damage，而B(niǎo)CD項(xiàng)依次分別所表達(dá)的探索，保護(hù)，材料的意思，都和這兒的語(yǔ)言邏輯不契合。
16. B通過(guò)相比得知，使用防曬霜以及喝酒的人皮膚損傷較小。這四個(gè)詞中只有B項(xiàng)有通過(guò)之意。ACD項(xiàng)依次分別所表達(dá)的意思：在……里，作為……，在……地方。
17. A由上一題的分析我們不難看出此處應(yīng)該填上表示較小的含義的形容詞比較級(jí)修飾不可數(shù)名詞damage，也就是A項(xiàng)：lesser。而B(niǎo)CD各個(gè)選項(xiàng)依次分別所表達(dá)的意思：較多，沒(méi)有，很少（修飾可數(shù)名詞）。
18. B巴倫及其同事稱，目前的這項(xiàng)發(fā)現(xiàn)強(qiáng)調(diào)了皮膚老化和可避免的環(huán)境因素之間的關(guān)系，如抽煙、體重超標(biāo)、無(wú)防護(hù)措施地過(guò)度日曬等，此處應(yīng)該填上表示老化的名詞，也即是B項(xiàng)：aging，而ACD項(xiàng)依次分別所表達(dá)的意思：表情，神情，皺紋。
19. A由上一題的分析我們很容易發(fā)現(xiàn)此處應(yīng)該填上表示環(huán)境的之意的形容詞，也就是說(shuō)是A項(xiàng)：environmental，其余BCD三項(xiàng)依次分別所表達(dá)的意思：基因的，情感的，心理的等等都在語(yǔ)言邏輯上不吻合。
20. C由第18題的分析我們能發(fā)現(xiàn)此處應(yīng)該填上表示無(wú)防護(hù)措施的意思的單詞，這四個(gè)單詞當(dāng)中就只有C項(xiàng)了，因?yàn)锳BD三項(xiàng)表示的意思分別是：保護(hù)的，計(jì)劃的，預(yù)防的。
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：
-You couldn’t have chosen any gift better for me.?
-______.
A. Oh，I’d choose a better one for you next time.?
B. You’ve had a gift for music，haven’t you?
C. I’m glad that you like it so much.
D. Sorry，but don’t blame me，dear.
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2012-2013學(xué)年福建省福清東張中學(xué)高一上學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試卷（帶解析） 題型：單選題
Don’t blame him any more. _______, he is only a child.
| A．After all | B．In all |
| C．Of all | D．Above all |
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2012屆山東省濟(jì)寧一中高三第三次定時(shí)練習(xí)英語(yǔ)卷 題型：閱讀理解
If your cellphone suddenly stops working, don’t blame the service provider．The malfunction（故障） might well have been caused by something bigger -- a solar storm．Experts expect that Earth will see more solar activity in the near future．The malfunction of electronic devices will just one of the effects．
Sunspots（太陽(yáng)黑子） serve as an indicator of the sun’s activity．For the past two years, sunspots have mostly been missing．Their absence, the most prolonged in nearly 100 years, has taken even seasoned sun watchers by surprise．
When the number of sunspots drops at the end of each 11-year cycle, solar storms die down and all become much calmer. This “solar minimum” doesn’t last long. Within a year, sunspots and solar storms begin to build toward a new crescendo, the next solar maximum.
What’s special about this latest cycle is that the sun is having trouble starting the next solar cycle. The sun began to calm down in late 2007, so no one expected many sunspots in 2008. They should return in 2010. Scientists have predicted that the next solar cycle could be the most active on record: more sunspots and more solar storms. However, sunspots are mostly missing now.
Since the earth is in close contact with the sun, strong solar activities can bring trouble to our life. People of the 21st century rely on high-tech systems for the basics of daily life. Air travel and radio communications can be affected by strong solar activities. A big solar storm could cause 20 times more economic damage than Hurricane Katrina.
What the sun will do next is beyond our ability to predict. Most astronomers think that the solar cycle will go on but at low level. However, there is also evidence that the sun is losing its ability to produce sunspots. By 2015, they could be gone altogether.
【小題1】The sun watcher feel surprised at .
| A．the longest sunspots’ absence | B．the largest sunspot number |
| C．the malfunction of electronic devices | D．the serious damage by sunspots |
| A．small number | B．high level |
| C．usual cycle | D．fresh start |
| A．solar activities have brought much trouble to our life |
| B．the number of sunspots has increased to a large extent |
| C．the solar minimum took the place of the solar maximum |
| D．our cellphones have seldom been interrupted by the solar storm |
| A．Solar activities do no harm to our daily life. |
| B．Hurricane Katrina is also a type of solar storms. |
| C．It’s difficult to predict sunspots. |
| D．From now on there’ re no sunspots. |
| A．The earth is in close contact with the sun. |
| B．Sunspots can cause trouble to our life. |
| C．Introduction of sunspots. |
| D．Introduction of the solar storm． |
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2012版高考復(fù)習(xí)方案配套月考試題英語(yǔ)卷（二） 題型：閱讀理解
（2010?冀州二模）
“A very disruptive(擾亂型的) six-year old child kicked my legs and clawed at my hand，”said one teacher. “I broke up a fight and was kicked between my legs，”said another. Many people have heard stories like this. But the situation is more worrying still and it involves parents.
Every child , regardless of the circumstances into which they are born，has the right to achieve their potential，regardless of their parents’ wealth and class. And we recognize that, as a nation，it is a long way to achieve this goal.But rights come with responsibilities and what worries people is that we are in danger of neglecting the latter.
Far too many children are behaving badly at school，even to the point of b
eing violent to staff. This is terrible enough，but it is hard to be surprised since many children are just mirroring the behavior of their parents. Too many are starting school unable to hold a knife and fork, unused to eating at a table，and unable to use the lavatory properly.
We are in danger of becoming a nation of families living separate lives under one roof. The bedroom, once a place to sleep，has become the living space for the young. Spending hours in front of computer screens, on social networking sites or being immersed in computer games, children and young people spend little time with their par
ents. Parents are unable to monitor just what their children are watching.
Schools cannot right the wrongs of society and teachers cannot become substitute parents. Both parties need to work together. Parents must be helped and given confidence to take back control. They are responsible for setting boundaries for their children’s behavior and sticking to those boundaries when the going gets tough. They are responsible for setting a go
od example to their children and for devoting that most precious of resources—time—so that children come to school ready and are willing to learn.
【小題1】In the opinion of the writer, what problem do people ignore?
| A．The school violence. |
| B．The pressure of students’ learning. |
| C．The right to achieve students potential. |
| D．the responsibilities of the students. |
| A．dissatisfied | B．unconcern | C．understanding | D．tolerance |
| A．parents and children live in their separate rooms |
| B．parents care little about children’s life at home |
| C．children don’t live with their parents in the same room |
| D．a(chǎn)t home children live a different life from that of parents |
| A．Children’s behavior at school is worrying people |
| B．Parents expect schools to correct their children’s bad habits |
| C．There is no point in parents’ teaching children at home |
| D．Don’t blame teachers when it’s parents who are failing |
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2011-2012學(xué)年浙江省蒼南縣靈溪二高高三第二次月考英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解
Hilary Smith belonged to a good family．But by the age of twenty, he had spent all the money the good old family had．He then had some trouble with the bank and was put in prison．He escaped from the prison and ran to Australia without delay.
Hilary did not like Australia. What he could do seemed to be one of two things: die or work．Then he remembered that he was not alone in the world．He had an aunt．
She was his father's only sister, but his father used to say she brought no glory to the family．Hilary, of course, tried to discover what she had done．It seemed that she had failed to marry a nobleman．Instead, she had chosen a husband who was connected with "trade"．Of course as soon as she became "Mrs Parks" ,her brother considered her dead．Later on, Mr Parks died and left her a lot of money; but that did not bring her back to life in her brother's opinion．
Hilary discovered his aunt's address．Fortunately she remained faithful and honest to him even after she fell ill．So Hilary's star shone again, and soon he moved into her house and lived as comfortably as a sailor who had just reached harbour．He had only about a six pence in his pocket．
One thing was soon clear: his aunt was seriously ill, and nothing could cure her illness．Hilary was very worried．Fate had found a home for him, and was now going to throw him out of it．There was only one thing that could save him: her will．
"Will?" she said, "yes, I have made one．That was when I was a girl and had not much money．I left all my money to some religious people．"
"Didn't you make another will when you were married?" Hilary asked．
His aunt shook her head．"No," she said in a low voice, "There was no need．When I finally had a lot of money I found I had no relations．"
On the next day he went to the public library and examined a book of law．It told him what he already believed．When a woman is married, an earlier will lose its value．A new will must be made．If no new will is made, the money goes to the nearest relation．Hilary knew that he was his aunt's only relation．His future was safe．
After a few months had passed, Hilary's problems became serious．He badly needed money．He had expensive tastes, and owed a lot of money to shopkeepers．They trusted him because his aunt was rich; but the debt was terrible．
Unfortunately his aunt did not want to discuss money matters at all．In the end they had a quarrel about the small amount of ten pounds．Hilary was not very angry．He began to wonder about a new problem．Was it kind to want his aunt to live．a(chǎn)ny longer? Was it not better for her to die now? While he was considering what to do, his aunt told him that she was going to send for her lawyer．So she was going to make a new will, Hilary thought．She might leave all her money to someone else．Soon he reached a clear decision．He must do a great kindness to the poor old woman.
One night when the old servant who had been nursing his aunt went off, he doubled the amount of some medicine．The total amount was too great and it could just put her to sleep forever．
"Thank you," his aunt took the glass from his hand with a grateful look．"I want more than anything to sleep, and never to wake up again．Is that what you wish, Hilary? Don't blame me if I have some doubts about what you intended to do.Sick people get these ideas, you know．One thing I ought to explain to you．Mr Parks never married me．He already had a wife and couldn't marry again．That made your foolish father very angry with me．．．Well, if I am alive tomorrow I shall make another will in your favour．If I die tonight, you'll get nothing．．．No, Hilary, don't try to take the glass away．If you do that, I shall know and I don't want to know．Goodnight, Hilary．"
Then, very carefully, she raised the glass to her mouth and drank．
1.From the story ,we learn that Hilary's aunt was ______．
A．bad-tempered and lonely B．kind-hearted and wise
C．careless about money D．cruel to her nephew
2.Why did Hilary's father consider his aunt dead?
A．Because they lost contact with each other after her marriage．
B．Because she married a businessman with a wife against his will．
C．Because she broke away from the family for a better life．
D．Because he thought she was a shame to the family
3.The underlined sentence "He must do a great kindness to the poor old woman" in paragraph 11 suggests that Hilary Smith ______．
A．was determined to put his aunt's life to an end
B．decided to do his aunt a favor to call in a lawyer
C．made up his mind to take good care of his aunt
D．would help his aunt to donate all her money to religious people
4.Which of the following is the focus of the story?
A．Hilary's aunt's money． B．Hilary Smith's debts．
C．The intended murder． D．Hilary's aunt's marriage．
5.According to the law book,_____．
A．Hilary's aunt is not allowed to make a new will．
B．the money will go to Hilary after his aunt dies without a new will．
C．Hilary's aunt must leave the money to the religious people after she dies．
D．Hilary must look after his aunt till her death because he is the only relation．
6.Which detail from the story is the climax（高潮）of the story?
A．Hilary escaped from the prison．
B．Hilary quarelled with is aunt about ten pounds．
C．Hilary's aunt drank the medicine her nephew prepared for her．
D．Hilary's aunt made a will to leave all her money to someone else．
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