12．It is a challenging task to learn English．

分析 學習英語是個富有挑戰(zhàn)性的任務．

解答 答案：It
解析：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知本句橫線處缺句子的主語，而根據(jù)句意可知實際上句子的主語是后面的動詞不定式to learn English"學習英語"，因此本句該使用It作形式主語．之所以要用It作形式主語、動詞不定式作真正主語，是為了避免句子出現(xiàn)"頭重腳輕"的現(xiàn)象．

點評 本題考查主謂一致，做此類題目時要先分析句子的結(jié)構(gòu)，確定句子所缺成分及該由什么來充當．

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