In the city of Fujisawa，Japan，lives a woman named Atsuko Saeki. When she was a teenager，she__1__of going to the United States. Most of what she knew about American__2__was from the textbooks she had read. “I had a__3__in mind：Daddy watching TV in the living room，Mummy__4__cakes and their teenage daughter off to the cinema with her boyfriend.”

Atsuko__5__to attend college in California. When she arrived，however，she found it was not her__6__world.“People were struggling with problems and often seemed__7__”，she said. “I felt very alone.”

One of her hardest__8__was physical education. “We played volleyball，”she said. “The other students were__9__it，but I wasn’t.”

One afternoon，the instructor asked Atsuko to__10__the ball to her teammates so they could knock it__11__the net. No problem for most people，but it terrified Atsuko. She was afraid of losing face__12__she failed.

A young man on her team__13__what she was going through. “He walked up to me and__14__，‘Come on. You can do that.’”

“You will never understand how those words of__15__made me feel...Four words：You can do that. I felt like crying with happiness.”

She made it through the class. Perhaps she thanked the young man；she is not__16__.

Six years have passed. Atsuko is back in Japan，working as a salesclerk. “I have__17__forgotten the words，”she said. “When things are not going so well，I think of them.”

She is sure the young man had no idea how much his kindness__18__to her. “He probably doesn’t even remember it，”she said. That may be the lesson. Whenever you say something to a person—cruel or kind—you have no idea how long the words will__19__.She’s all the way over in Japan，but still she hears those four__20__words：You can do that.

1．A. learned B．spoke C．dreamed D．heard

2．A. way B．life C．education D．spirit

3．A. photo B．painting C．picture D．drawing

4．A. baking B．frying C．steaming D．boiling

5．A. hoped B．a(chǎn)rranged C．liked D．a(chǎn)ttempted

6．A. described B．imagined C．created D．discovered

7．A. tense B．cheerful C．relaxed D．deserted

8．A. times B．questions C．classes D．projects

9．A. curious about B．good at C．slow at D．nervous about

10．A. kick B．pass C．carry D．hit

11．A. through B．into C．over D．past

12．A. after B．if C．because D．until

13．A. believed B．considered C．wondered D．sensed

14．A. warned B．sighed C．ordered D．whispered

15.A. excitement B．encouragement C．persuasion D．suggestion

16．A. interested B．doubtful C．puzzled D．sure

17．A. never B．a(chǎn)lready C．seldom D．a(chǎn)lmost

18．A. happened B．a(chǎn)pplied C．seemed D．meant

19．A. continue B．stay C．exist D．live

20．A. merciful B．bitter C．simple D．easy

 

1—20 CBCAB BACBD CBDDB DADBC

 

1．dream of意為“夢想”，表示她在年輕時(shí)夢想去美國。learn of意為“聽到，獲悉”；speak of意為“說到，談到”；hear of意為“聽說”。

2．life意為“生活”，泛指“生活；生涯”，即某種方式的生活，表示她對美國生活的了解來自所讀的課本。way意為“方式，方法”；education意為“教育”；spirit意為“精神”。

3．picture“圖畫”，泛指人物、風(fēng)景、物品等的水彩畫。photo意為“照片”。painting意為“油畫”，專指美術(shù)繪畫的各種彩色作品，常指油畫和水彩畫。drawing意為“畫”，常指用鉛筆、鋼筆或粉筆畫的“線條畫”，主要的手段是明暗對比，一般不用色彩，包括素描或工程圖紙。

4．bake意為“烘，焙，烤”，指在熱的表面上慢慢地烘焙。bake cakes表示“烤制蛋糕”。fry意為“用油煎，用油炸、炒”，指用油煎魚或炒菜。steam意為“蒸”，指用蒸汽蒸飯。boil意為“煮”，指用水煮食物。

5．a(chǎn)rrange意為“準(zhǔn)備，安排”，指為某事作好準(zhǔn)備和安排。根據(jù)下文所提供的情景“When she arrived”可判斷出Atsuko準(zhǔn)備去加利福尼亞上大學(xué)。hope意為“希望”；like　 意為“喜歡，愿意”；attempt意為“企圖”，都與下文的內(nèi)容不相符合。

6．imagine意為“想像，設(shè)想；猜想，推測”，上文講到“I had a picture in mind：Daddy watching TV in the living room，Mummy baking cakes and their teenage daughter off to the cinema with her boyfriend.”因此可判斷出實(shí)際的情況與她想像的不一樣。describe意為“描述”；create意為“創(chuàng)作，創(chuàng)造”；discover意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)”。

7．tense意為“緊張的”，上文中的“People were struggling with problems”說明，由于盡力解決問題，他們似乎經(jīng)常處于緊張狀況。cheerful意為“高興的；興致勃勃的；歡樂的；快活的；爽快的”；relaxed意為“放松的”；deserted意為“被放棄的”。

8．class意為“課程”，根據(jù)其表語“physical education”可判斷出她最困難的課程是體育。time意為“時(shí)間”；question意為“問題”；project意為“工程、項(xiàng)目”。

9．be good at意為“擅長于”，指善于做某事。but是并列連詞，表示轉(zhuǎn)折和對比，從but I wasn’t可以看出：其他同學(xué)擅長于打排球，而Atsuko卻在這方面存在困難。be curious about意為“對……好奇”；be slow at意為“在……遲鈍”；be nervous about意為“對……感到緊張”。

10．hit意為“打，擊”，hit the ball表示用手擊球。上文中的We played volleyball表明他們在打排球，所以要用手擊球。kick the ball意為“踢球”，pass the ball意為“傳球”，carry the ball意為“帶球”，都不符合打排球的比賽規(guī)則。

11．over意為“越過”，指把排球打過網(wǎng)。through意為“穿過”，指從空間中穿過。into意為“到……里”，past意為“過，通過”，這也都不符合打排球的比賽規(guī)則。

12．if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，意為“如果”，表示如果她不能把球擊中，她害怕她會(huì)丟人。after引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，表示“在……之后”。because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，意為“因?yàn)椤�。until引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，意為“一直……”，表示動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到until從句的謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生。

13．sense意為“感覺(到)”指通過直覺、跡象、線索等隱約感到或明白。句意為：她球隊(duì)的一位年輕人覺察出Atsuko的心理狀態(tài)。believe意為“相信”；consider意為“考慮”；wonder意為“感到迷惑不解，想知道”。

14．whisper意為“低語；耳語”，指低聲地對某人說話、講話。因?yàn)檫@位年輕人覺察出Atsuko害怕在人們面前丟臉的心理狀態(tài)，所以他用“Come on.You can do that.”這樣的話語鼓勵(lì)她，而在許多人面前，他只能低聲地對她說。warn意為“警告”；sigh意為“嘆息”；order意為“命令”。

15. encouragement意為“鼓勵(lì)”，“Come on.You can do that.”意為“加油，你能行”，是鼓勵(lì)人們努力的話語。excitement意為“激動(dòng)”；persuasion意為“說服，勸導(dǎo)”；suggestion意為“建議”。

16．sure意為“深信，確信”。上文講述了在一次排球比賽中，一位年輕人鼓勵(lì)A(yù)tsuko努力去做，“You can do that.”使她增強(qiáng)了信心，體育課程取得了好成績。所以這里講到她或許應(yīng)該謝謝這個(gè)年輕人，但心中沒有把握，不知道該不該這樣做。interested意為“感興趣”；doubtful意為“懷疑的”；puzzled意為“感到迷惑不解的”。

17．never意為“從不”，根據(jù)下文中的“When things are not going so well，I think of them.”可判斷出Atsuko沒有忘記那位年輕人所說的話。already意為“已經(jīng)”；seldom意為“不常；很少；難得……”；almost意為“幾乎”。

18．mean意為“意味著”，表示她深信那位年輕人不知道她的好心對她來說有多么重要。happen意為“發(fā)生”，指事情偶然發(fā)生；apply意為“運(yùn)用，應(yīng)用”；seem意為“似乎”。

19．stay意為“保留”，多指停留或處于相對穩(wěn)定的狀態(tài)。表示你不知道一個(gè)人說的話會(huì)保留多長時(shí)間。continue意為“繼續(xù)”，指任何進(jìn)行過程在時(shí)間或空間上的延續(xù)，強(qiáng)調(diào)持續(xù)不斷、無間歇、無終止，有時(shí)也可指短暫停止后繼續(xù)進(jìn)行。exist意為“存在”。live意為“居住”。

20．simple意為“簡單的”，“You can do that.”只含有四個(gè)詞，是一句簡單的話。merciful意為“仁慈的，溫和的”；bitter意為“辛苦的，悲慘的”；easy意為“容易的”。

 

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科目：高中英語 來源：2013屆江西省上饒市橫峰中學(xué)高三第一次聯(lián)考英語試卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解

One of the world's richest men has taken a close interest in one of man’s most basic functions: visiting the toilet．Bill Gates’s charitable organization, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, is looking for inventors to design the loo of the future, which, they hope, would improve sanitation for millions of people around the world．
So, what's wrong with the traditional flush toilet? Firstly, it wastes a huge amount of potential drinking water．Secondly, they are more likely to cause pollution．This is a real problem in many areas of the developing world, where, according to United Nations estimates, unsafe sanitation causes half of all hospitalizations．Younger people are particularly at risk．Illnesses which cause diarrhea are responsible for the deaths of about 1.5 million children a year．Finally, standard lavatories simply aren’t practical in remote areas．
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B．They might cause diseases．
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C
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1.Why is Bill Gates paying people to invent new toilets?

A．Because he wants to test people's sense of creativity．

B．Because he wants to improve sanitation for many people．

C．Because he thinks the traditional ones are out of fashion．

D．Because he can't design this kind of things himself．

2.Which of the following is NOT a problem with the traditional flush toilet?

A．They waste too much water．              B．They might cause diseases．

C．They are not always practical．             D．They are too complicated to use.

3.The underlined word "latrine" in the third paragraph might have similar meanings to the word "__   " in the text．

A．loo              B．sanitation          C．diarrhea          D．prototype

4.The team from CIT won the prize because their design        .

A．can change human waste into electricity

B．can turn human waste into charcoal

C．can produce power with solar energy

D．can use urine for flushing

5.If people "flush money down the toilet", they are       .

A．showing off their wealth                  B．a(chǎn)ngry with their working conditions

C．wasting money for nothing                D．expressing their great determination

 

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One of the world's richest men has taken a close interest in one of man’s most basic functions: visiting the toilet．Bill Gates’s charitable organization, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, is looking for inventors to design the loo of the future, which, they hope, would improve sanitation for millions of people around the world．

So, what's wrong with the traditional flush toilet? Firstly, it wastes a huge amount of potential drinking water．Secondly, they are more likely to cause pollution．This is a real problem in many areas of the developing world, where, according to United Nations estimates, unsafe sanitation causes half of all hospitalizations．Younger people are particularly at risk．Illnesses which cause diarrhea are responsible for the deaths of about 1.5 million children a year．Finally, standard lavatories simply aren’t practical in remote areas．

The challenge set by Bill Gates was to come up with a latrine which works without running water, electricity or aseptic tank(化糞池)．It also needed to operate for less than 5 cents．28 designs were displayed at the recent Reinvent the Toilet Fair in Seattle, USA．Among them was one which turned human waste into electricity using microwaves, another which converted human waste into charcoal, and yet another which used urine for flushing．

But the winner was a solar-powered design which generated hydrogen gas and electricity.The team from the California Institute of Technology（CIT）picked up a prize of $ 100,000.

But clearly Bill Gates doesn’t feel he’s flushing money down the toilet．After the Seattle event he said, “We, couldn’t be happier with the response we’ve gotten,” Gates has even pledged $370m more to the future toilet project．They hope to field test more prototypes over the next three years．

1.Why is Bill Gates paying people to invent new toilets?

A．Because he wants to test people’s sense of creativity．

B．Because he wants to improve sanitation for many people．

C．Because he thinks the traditional ones are out of fashion．

D．Because he can’t design this kind of things himself．

2.Which of the following is NOT a problem with the traditional flush toilet?

A．They waste too much water．

B．They might cause diseases．

C．They are not always practical．

D．They are too complicated to use.

3.The underlined word “l(fā)atrine” in the third paragraph might have similar meanings to the word “__ ”n the text．

A．Loo              B．sanitation          C．diarrhea          D．prototype

4.The team from CIT won the prize because their design        .

A．can change human waste into electricity

B．can turn human waste into charcoal

C．can produce power with solar energy

D．can use urine for flushing

5.If someone “flush money down the toilet”, they are       .

A．showing off their wealth

B．being angry with their work onditions

C．wasting money for nothing

D．expressing their great determination

 

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