Dan Bebber is a senior research fellow at the University of Exeter in Britain. He says research has shown that wild plants and animals are moving toward Earth's North and South poles as the planet warms.
Mr Bebber wanted to know if the same thing was happening with organisms that attack agricultural crops. He examined reports of first sightings of new insects and diseases around the world. The records came from CABI - the Centre for Agricultural Bioscience International. He says the group began collecting information from developing and industrialized countries years ago.
Dan Bebber and his research team studied 612 different organisms - from viruses and bacteria to insects like beetles and butterflies. They found that since 1960, crop pests and diseases have been moving toward the poles at an average rate of about 3 kilometers each year. Mr Bebber says this puts the most productive farmland in the world in danger.
"As new species of pests and diseases evolve and potentially the environment for them becomes more amenable at higher latitudes, the pressure on the breadbaskets of the world is going to increase."
Farmers face other threats. Invasive species passed through trade are also causing problems. Gene Kritsky is an Entomologist at the College of Mount St. Joseph in Ohio. He specialises in the study of insects. He says climate change may improve conditions for some invasive species.
“It means that species in other parts of the world that might do well in warmer temperatures can now do well in the breadbasket of America.”
Another Entomologist Christian Krupke of Purdue University says the effects of these changes will depend very much on the crop, the insect and the disease. But he says the research is a warning sign that people should care about climate change and do something about it.
小題1:The purpose of Dan Bebber’s research was to find ______.
A．if farmland could be moved to colder places thanks to global warming
B．if diseases and insects harmful to crops were going towards colder areas
C．if organisms were moving to the north and south poles
D．if the number of crop pests was increasing
小題2:According to Dan Bebber, if crop pests keep moving towards the poles, ______.
A．it will be hard for farmers to kill them
B．the most productive farmland will produce more crops
C．the earth will not produce enough food to support the world
D．the conditions for some crops may be improved
小題3:Which of the following is not a threat that farmers have to face?
A．Climate change helps crop pests to adapt to new environment.
B．Foreign species are brought in by trade.
C．Invasive species doing well in warmer places might do well in America.
D．The impacts of the climate and species changes on crops are not easy to determine.
小題4:The underlined word “amenable” in the fourth paragraph most probably means ______.
A．a(chǎn)greeableB．terribleC．unfriendlyD．changeable

小題1:B
小題2:C
小題3:D
小題4:A

試題分析：本文講述的是隨著全球變暖，很多植物都在向兩級地區(qū)移動(dòng)，科學(xué)家對這種現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行了仔細(xì)地研究。本文介紹了這些研究的有關(guān)情況。
小題1:B 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第二段第一行Mr Bebber wanted to know if the same thing was happening with organisms that attack agricultural crops可知他想知道這些對動(dòng)物和昆蟲有害的疾病是不是和那些植物一樣會(huì)向南極和北極移動(dòng)。故B正確。
小題2:C 推理題。根據(jù)文章第三段最后一句Mr Bebber says this puts the most productive farmland in the world in danger.可知這種情況會(huì)讓地球上物產(chǎn)豐富的土地不再能夠生產(chǎn)出產(chǎn)品來滿足人們的需要。故C項(xiàng)正確。
小題3:D 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)"As new species of pests and diseases evolve and potentially the environment for them 和Farmers face other threats. Invasive species passed through trade are also causing problems.以及He says climate change may improve conditions for some invasive species.說明ABC三項(xiàng)都是面臨的威脅。只有D項(xiàng)文章沒有涉及到。
小題4:A 猜測詞義題。根據(jù)本句"As new species of pests and diseases evolve and potentially the environment for them becomes more amenable at higher latitudes,在高緯度地區(qū)新的昆蟲和疾病以及他們與環(huán)境之間越來越協(xié)調(diào)一致。故A正確。
練習(xí)冊系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

I give two examples as to why intelligent life may not actually exist, though I admit that for me, or even for a physicist who devoted his or her entire life to researching and studying the universe, it's shocking to claim that completely no life exists elsewhere.
Keeping that in mind, I'd just like to consider conditions elsewhere in the known universe. You really only need to look at our own solar system or the Earth at certain periods in its own history to appreciate that most places are much worse and much less suitable for life than our mild, watery globe.
So far, space scientists have discovered about seventy planets outside the solar. But it appears that if you wish to have a planet suitable for life, you just have to be very lucky, and the more advanced the life is, the luckier you'll have to be. I'm by no means a space observer, but I can recognize some particularly fortunate breaks we've had on the Earth. For example:
We are, to a degree, at the right distance from the perfect type of star, the one that is big enough to radiate a huge amount of energy, but not so big as to bum itself out quickly. Had our sun been ten times as huge, it would have burnt out completely after only ten million years, instead of ten billion and surely we would not exist. Too near, everything on the Earth would have boiled and withered away; any further, everything would have frozen over.
The universe is a surprising place, and our existence within it is a wonder. If a long and unimaginably complex sequence of events dating back 4.6 billion years or so hadn't happened in a particular manner at a particular time --if, to take just one example, the dinosaurs hadn't been wiped out by a meteor(流星)--we might still be a few centimeters long, with whisker(胡須) and a tail, and you'll be reading this in a cave somewhere.
小題1:What's the best title for this passage?
A．No Life Exists out of the Earth
B．Seventy Planets Discovered
C．A Place Full of Wonders
D．Perfect Conditions for Life
小題2:What makes the Earth more suitable for life than other planets in the solar system?
A．The Earth is the only planet that can receive energy from the sun.
B．The sun is at the right distance from us and in proper size.
C．The distance between the planets was neither too long nor too near.
D．The dinosaurs were no longer a threat to the Earth.
小題3:What does the underlined phrase "withered away" in the 4th paragraph mean?
A．Exploded.B．Expanded.C．Floated away.D．Dried and died.
小題4:Where does the text probably come from?
A．A history book.B．A magazine.C．A science fiction.D．A famous novel.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The olinguito（小尖吻浣熊）is new to science. Although lt has been living in the cloud forests of South Amcrica for some time.
Scientists say the olinguito is the first new carnivore（食肉動(dòng)物）discovered In the Americas in more than 30 years. It is a hairy orange-brown creature with a sweet face and big eyes The animal has small. rounded ears and lives in the trees An adult weighs one kilogram and measures about 75 centimeters. with half of those centimeters taken up by its ringed tail Most of the time. it likes to eat fruit, although it also eats meat. Active at night, the animal has lived in Colombia and Ecuador for a long time. But the olinguito did not exist in science books before now.
Kristofer Helgen, director at the National Museum in Washington, led the research team that confirmed the existence of the olinguito. It had been mistaken more than a century ago for a look-alike animal -- a similar but larger olingo(尖吻浣熊). Mr. Helgen had been studying olingos in a museum for ten years. At that time. he observed a difference in the size and shape of the heads and teeth. That led him on an effort to prove he was looking at an animal never before described by science. He got lucky when he communicated with a zoologist in Ecuador. The animal expert there made a short video that shows an olinguito in the trees. The video confirms that the oiinguito is different from the olingo     Mr. Helgen says tens of thousands of olinguitos live in the wild and are not in danger of disappearing forever. Human beings, however, are moving closer to the olinguito habitat in the Andean cloud forests. The research team estimates that 42 percent of historic olinguiio habitat has been removed
小題1:Comparcd with most carnivores. the olinguito may seem more _____.
A．terrbleB．fierceC．cleverD．lovely
小題2:The onlinguito was unknown to people in the past because ____
A．it was mistaken for another species
B．it was active in the eveing
C．it was too small to be seen clearly
D．it covered itself by its long tail
小題3:What does the underlined word "That" in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Having been studying olingos for ten years.
B．The short video the animal expert made.
C．His communication with an expert in Ecuador.
D．Differences between olingos and olinguitos.
小題4:We can infer from the text that ______.
A．the olinguito could be made full use of
B．the number of olinguitos is in the conutrol
C．the clinguito is a completely new species up to now
D．people know more and more about animals

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Some scientists say that animals in the ocean are increasingly threatened by noise pollution caused by human beings. The noise that affect sea creatures comes from a number of human activities. It is caused mainly by industrial underwater explosions, ocean drilling, and ship engines. Such noises are added to natural sounds. These sounds include the breaking of ice fields, underwater earthquakes, and sounds made by animals themselves.
Decibels（分貝）measured in water are different from those measured on land. A noise of one hundred and twenty decibels on land causes pain to human ears. In water, a decibel level of one hundred and ninety-five would have the same effect.
Some scientists have proposed setting a noise limit of one hundred and twenty decibels in oceans. They have observed that noises at that level can frighten and confuse whales.
A team of American and Canadian scientists discovered that loud noises can seriously injure some animals. The research team found that powerful underwater explosions were causing whales in the area to lose their hearing. This seriously affected the whales’ ability to exchange information and find their way. Some of the whales even died. The explosions had caused their ears to bleed and become infected.
Many researchers whose work depends on ocean sounds object to a limit of one hundred and twenty decibels. They say such a limit would mean an end to important industrial and scientific research.
Scientists do not know how much and what kinds of noises are harmful to ocean animals. However, many scientists suspect that noise is a greater danger than they believed. They want to prevent noises from harming creatures in the ocean.
小題1:According to the passage, which of the following is increasingly dangerous to sea creatures?
A．The man-made noises.
B．The noises made by themselves.
C．The sound of earthquakes.
D．The sound of the ice-breaking.
小題2:As to the influence of noises on whales, which of the following statements is true?
A．They are deaf to noises.
B．Noises at a certain level may hurt them.
C．They are easily confused by noises.
D．Noises will limit their ability to reproduce.
小題3: We can know from the passage that many scientists think that the noise limit of one hundred twenty decibels would______.
A．prevent them from doing their research work
B．benefit them a lot in their research work
C．do good to their health
D．increase the industrial output
小題4:According to the passage, what will scientists most probably do in the future?
A．They will try their best to decrease noise.
B．They will work hard to cut down noise pollution.
C．They will study the effect of different noises.
D．They will protect animals from harmful noises.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Many parents have learned the hard way that what sounds like open communication is otfen the very thing that closes a youngster’s ears and mouth, One common mistake is the Lecture, the long monologue that often starts with “When I was your age……”Eighteen –year –old Kelly calls lectures “Long , one-side discussions in which I don’t say much.”
Kids reflexively（條件反射地）shout down in the face of a lecture , Their eyes glaze over（呆滯）,and they don’t register any incoming information , Listen to 13-year –old Sarah describe her least favorite times with her mom and dad, “First, they scream, Then comes the“We’re so disappointed’ speech , Then the ‘I never did that to my parents’ lecture begins , After that, even if they realize how ridiculous they sound, they never take it back’”.
Lines like “When you have children of your own, you’ll understand” have been seriously said by parents since time immemorial, But many of our expert parents, like Bobby , a registered nurse and mother of three, feel that by falling back on cliches（陳詞濫調(diào)）to justify our actions, we weaken our position.
Since kids are creatures of here and now, the far-off future has no relevance to them, Therefore ,good communicators like Bobby suggest, “Give specific reasons for your actions in present language:‘I’m not letting you go to the party because I don’t think there will be enough adult supervisions（監(jiān)護(hù)）”。
Betty, who lives in Missouri ,uses and indirect approach, “I find that warnings are accepted more readily if I discuss a news article on a subject I am concerned about, My husband and I talk about it while our children absorb the information, Then they never think I’m preaching（布道）”.
This really helped when Betty’s kids began driving , Instead of constantly repeating “Don’t drink; don’t speed”, She would talk about articles in the paper and express sympathy for the victims of a car crash, Betty made no special effort to draw her kids into the conversation, She depended on a teenager’s strong desire to put in his opinions—especially if he thinks he isn’t being asked for them.
小題1:The purpose of the passage is to       
A．compare two ways of parents’ communicating with their kids
B．give parents advice on how to communicate with their kids
C．explain why kids won’t listen to their parents
D．introduce kids’ reaction to the communication between them and their parents
小題2:Which of the following statements is NOT right?
A．Kids won’t listen to their parents because they think what their parents say is boring
B．Many kids think they have no right to express their own opinions
C．Some kids think their parents should apologize when they are wrong
D．Kids don’t like any discussion at all.
小題3:What does the underlined word in the first paragraph mean?
A．獨(dú)白B．對話C．插話D．討論
小題4:Which of the following topic may appeal to kids?
A．Parents own experience
B．Kids possible life in the future
C．Something related to kids’ present life
D．What parents have done to their own parents
小題5:In order to make kids follow their advice, parents should       
A．tell their kids to listen carefully
B．set out their warnings directly
C．list out as many examples as possible
D．a(chǎn)rouse kids’ desire to express themselves

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

Which came first, the chicken or the egg? This is one of life’s ______ questions and people have been debating about it for thousands of years. Now scientists believe they have solved this ______. Researchers from Sheffield and Warwick Universities in England discovered the answer ____. They used a super computer to observe the shell-making process while a new shell was ____. Then they found one protein called OC17 that is ______ for forming eggshell. This is only found inside a chicken’s body, which is proof that the ______ came first. The team was ______ looking at how animals and birds make eggshells but suddenly made their surprising ______. The big question now is where chickens came from. The ______ is from dinosaurs.
The research team said eggshells are one of nature’s most ______ creations. Professor John Harding from the team told reporters: “Understanding how chickens make eggshells is fascinating in itself, but it can also be _____ in designing new materials.” Eggshells are very lightweight but incredibly strong. Even the most up-to-date materials _____ by the world’s top engineers cannot produce anything as ______ as an eggshell. Professor Harding added that ______ eggshells could help to cure bone diseases and design materials for the construction industry. “Nature has found wonderful ways that ___ for all kinds of problems in materials science and technology — we can learn a lot from them.” he said.
小題1:
A．strangestB．bestC．oldestD．Closest
小題2:
A．puzzleB．factC．historyD．opinion
小題3:
A．on purposeB．by chanceC．without hesitationD．a(chǎn)t work
小題4:
A．breakingB．changingC．disappearingD．Forming
小題5:
A．necessaryB．easyC．kindD．impossible
小題6:
A．eggB．eggshellC．chickenD．dinosaur
小題7:
A．obviouslyB．originallyC．thoughtfullyD．surprisingly
小題8:
A．inventionB．mistakeC．statementD．discovery
小題9:
A．a(chǎn)nswerB．researchC．roadD．egg
小題10:
A．commonB．ridiculousC．funnyD．a(chǎn)mazing
小題11:
A．interestingB．helpfulC．normalD．correct
小題12:
A．boughtB．cutC．designedD．carried
小題13:
A．brilliantB．ordinaryC．1ightD．small
小題14:
A．findingB．watchingC．studyingD．making
小題15:
A．happenB．workC．waitD．Look

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

“I don’t speak English”-these are the first words I learned when I came to America. Soon I was able to pronounce the four words clearly, and said them whenever an American tried to talk to me. This answer was very effective（有效的）at ending our conversation and saving me from another uncomfortable situation, or I would have to communicate in a language that I was not familiar with.
Before coming to the States, I thought I knew English pretty well. But the truth is that the grammar and vocabulary-based English that is taught in schools overseas（海外的）is not the English people speak in America.
But fear not! Once you are in America, you can immediately begin to bridge the gap（彌補(bǔ)差距）between the learned English that you already know, and the spoken English that is all around you. To do this, first of all, it is important not to fear when you realize that you may not be as prepared for daily communication as you thought. For me, as soon as I stopped worrying about my accent and started speaking, I made rapid progress. Often the people didn’t notice my mistakes because they were so glad to finally be able to communicate with me.
Another good idea is to listen carefully and pay attention to the way in which ideas are expressed. For example, if you are working hard and you want to stop working and rest for a little while, you can either say “I would like to stop working and rest for a while” or “I want to take a quick break from work.” The first sentence, I quickly learned, sounds dry and too formal for any kind of communication, while the second is an idiom（成語）that is widely used in American English conversation.
Finally, use what you already know---the vocabulary, the grammar and the spelling. Try to use these into the spoken language for more impressive and accurate（精確）speaking results.
小題1:What’s the main idea of this passage?
A．You’d better say “I don’t speak English” in the USA.
B．How you can improve your spoken English in the USA.
C．Idioms are widely used to express your ideas in the USA.
D．Listening is the best way to improve your spoken English in the USA.
小題2:At first the writer preferred to use the sentence “I don’t speak English” to       .
A．a(chǎn)dmit he is a foreigner
B．save much time for himself
C．prevent himself from being laughed at
D．a(chǎn)void getting upset in communicating with others
小題3:What’s the problem with the English taught outside the English-speaking countries?
A．It is quite different from what the natives speak.
B．It is taught in boring and wrong grammar.
C．It has nothing to do with English.
D．It has too small a vocabulary.
小題4:When did the writer make rapid progress in spoken English?
A．As soon as he paid attention to the way Americans spoke.
B．The minute he found what has been learned useless.
C．The moment he got rid of the fear of speaking.
D．Immediately he arrived in the USA.
小題5:All the following are tips given buy the writer EXCEPT “       .”
A．speaking bravelyB．listening carefully
C．using what you have learnedD．making few mistakes

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

How to Tell If Someone Is Happy or Sad on the Phone
Scientists have come up with some researches on what makes different types of people“tick”.
The scientists at the University of Cambridge have developed new mobile phone technology called Emotion Sense that can tell if a caller is happy, angry or sad.
Scientists hope to fit the speech recognition system to standard mobile phones and use it to determine emotions—it will also use a GPS tracking system to log where the call is made.
 And they’ve already made some pretty major breakthroughs into really getting under the skin of us humans.
The results from the pilot scheme make interesting scientific reading. Among the key revelations (﹦facts) are that callers feel happier at home and sadder at work.
To break it down, scientifically, it shows 45 percent of all emotions produced at home are “happy”and 54 percent of emotions at work are “sad”.
Meanwhile, people show more “intense”(﹦nervous) emotions in the evening than they do in the morning.
Of course, this could just be because most people feel too tired in the morning to get overly “intense”. Eating breakfast and getting to work on time is usually enough of an achievement.
Anyway, the Emotion Sense technology has been developed by psychologists(心理學(xué)家) and computer scientists who say it uses speech recognition software and phone sensors(傳感器) attached to standard smart phones to judge how callers’ emotions are changed by everyday factors.
The sensors analyze voice samples and these are then divided into five categories: happiness, sadness, fearfulness, anger or neutral-—boredom or passivity(消極) would fit into this last category.
小題1:How many emotions can the sensors tell?
A．TwoB．ThreeC．FourD．Five
小題2:What does the underlined sentence mean?
A．Scientists have put something testing people’s emotions under humans’ skin.
B．There were some breakthroughs in this technology in getting something from people’s skin.
C．In this technology, people’s skin was broken through.
D．There were improvements in testing people’s emotions.
小題3:Why do most people feel less intense in the morning than in the evening?
A．Because morning is the start of a new day.
B．because they feel too tired in the morning.
C．Because of humans’ physiological structure.
D．Because of the fresh air and bright sunlight.
小題4:Which of the following hasn’t been put into the standard mobile phones?
A．Speech recognition software.B．Phone sensors.
C．GPS sensors.D．Translation system.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

What do college teachers think of high school English teachers’English teaching? And how should we see it? Let’s read the following.
A teacher from a community college addressed a sympathetic audience. Heads nodded in agreement when he said, “High school English teachers are not doing their jobs.” He described how weak his students were—all high school graduates who can use language only at a Grade 9 level.
My topic is not standards nor its decline（降低）. What the speaker was really saying is that he is no longer young; he has been teaching for sixteen years, and is able to think and speak like a mature adult.
My point is that the frequent complaint of one generation about the one immediately following is natural. It is also human nature to look for the reasons for our dissatisfaction. Before English became a school subject in the late nineteenth century, it was difficult to find the target of the blame for language deficiencies（缺陷）. But since then, English teachers have been under constant attack.
The complainers think they have hit upon an original idea. As their own command of the language improves, they notice that young people do not have this same ability. Unaware that their own ability has developed through the years, they assume the new generation of young people must be hopeless in this respect. To the eyes and ears of sensitive adults, the language of the young always seems inadequate.
Since this concern about the decline and fall of the English language is not seen as a generational phenomenon but rather as something new and peculiar(特有的) to today’s young people, it naturally follows that today’s English teachers cannot be doing their jobs.
小題1:The speaker believed that ________.
A．he was an excellent language teacher because he had been teaching English for sixteen years
B．the younger generation was as likely as not worse at language than the older generation
C．high school English teachers should be responsible for their students’ poor command of English
D．The fact that the students didn’t work hard enough contributed to their poor command of English
小題2: In the author’s opinion, the speaker ________.
A．had exaggerated (夸大) the language problems of the students
B．was right in saying English teachers were not doing their jobs
C．gave a correct judgment of the English level of the students
D．thought and spoke in a wise and responsible way
小題3:What can we conclude from the passage?
A．Language learning and improving needs time and effort.
B．The author disagrees with the speaker over the standard of English at Grade 9 level.
C．It is reasonable to include English as one of the high school subjects.
D．The English language teaching is by no means an easy job for college teachers.
小題4:The author’s attitude towards the speaker’s remarks is ________.
A．neutral（中立的）B．critical
C．positiveD．compromising(妥協(xié)的)

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊答案