5.Today we make room for a remarkably narrow range of personality styles.We're told that to be great is to be bold,and that to be happy is to be sociable.We see ourselves as a nation of extroverts-which means that we've lost sight of who we really are.One-third to one-half of Americans are introverts-in other words,one out of every two or three people you know.If you're not an introvert yourself,you are surely raising.Managing.Married to or coupled with one.
If these statistics surprise you,that's probably because so many people pretend to be extroverts.Closet introverts pass undetected on playgrounds,in high school locker rooms,and in the corridors of Americas companies.Some fool even themsemselves,until some life event-a layoff,an empty nest,an inheritance(繼承遺產(chǎn))that frees them to spend time as they like-enables them to evaluate their true natures.You have only to raise this subject with your friends and acquaintances to find that the most unlikely people consider themselves introverts.
It makes sense tat so many introverts hide even from themselves.We live with a value system that I call the Extrovert Ideal-the universal belief that the ideal self is outgoing.Leading.And comfortable in the spotlight.The typical extrovert prefers action to meditation,risk-taking to caution-taking certainty to doubt.They favor quick decisions,even at the risk of being wrong.They work well in teams and socialize in groups.We like to think that we value individuality,but all too often we admire on type of individual-the kind who's comfortable"putting himself out there".Introversion-along with its sensitivity,seriousness,and shyness-is now a second-class personality trait,somewhere between a disappointment and a disease.
But we make a grave mistake to embrace the Extrovert Ideal so unthinkingly.Some of our greatest ideas,art,and inventions-from the theory of evolution to Vincent van Gogh's sunflowers to the personal computer-came from quiet and analytical people who knew how to tune in to their inner worlds and the treasures to be found there.We need to be teaching kids to work together,for sure.But we also need to be teaching them how to work on their own.This is especially important for extroverted children too.They need to work on their own because that is where deep thought comes from in part.We could all try to unplug and get inside our own heads a little more often.
28.Why do many people pretend to be extroverts?B
A.Because they want to be bold.Happy and sociable.
B.Because they live with a value system that favors extroverts.
C.Because they want to surprise others.
D.Because they believe they are unlikely to be introverts.
29.What does the underlined phrase"this subject"in Paragraph 2 probably mean?D
A.The life event that happen ed to you.
B.The relationship between your friends and acquaintances.
C.How you spend your free time with an inheritance.
D.What you think of your true nature.
30.In most cases,extroverts have a preference forC.
A.sensitivity,seriousness,and shyness
B.quick decisions and wrongdoings
C.a(chǎn)ction,risk-taking and certainty
D.meditation,caution-taking and doubt
31.What is the best title of the passage?A
A.The Power of Introverts
B.The Typical Personality Style
C.The Extrovert Ideal
D.Introverts vs Extroverts.
分析 本文屬于說明文閱讀,作者通過這篇文章主要向我們描述了內(nèi)向的性格并不糟糕,作者希望人們能坦然接受自己內(nèi)向的本性,因為內(nèi)向者具有其獨特的力量.
解答 28.B.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第三段"It makes sense that so many introverts hide even from themselves.We live wit h a value system that I call the Extrovert Ideal-the universal belief that the ideal self is outgoing,leading,and comfortable in the spotlight."可知,如此多的內(nèi)向者甚至對自己隱藏真實的性格(假裝外向)是有原因的.我們生活在一個我稱之為"外向理想型性格"的價值體系中,即人們普遍認為,理想的性格特點是善于交際,有領(lǐng)袖氣質(zhì),在眾人矚目的場合收放自如,故選B.
29.D.詞義猜測題.根據(jù)第二段"…enables them to evaluate their true natures."可知,有些人甚至欺騙了自己,直到某些生活事件--失業(yè)、獨守空巢、繼承一筆能夠讓他們隨意支配時間的遺產(chǎn)--讓他們驚醒,開始審視自己真實的一面.可見此處的the subject指的是"如何看待自己真實的一面",故選D.
30.C.推理判斷題.根據(jù)第三段"The typical extrovert prefers action to meditation,risk­;taking to caution­;taking,certainty to doubt.They favor quick decisions,even at the risk of being wrong."可知,典型的外向者喜歡行動,而不愿思考,喜歡冒險,而不愿小心謹慎,喜歡肯定,而不愿質(zhì)疑.他們希望在短時間內(nèi)作出決定,哪怕冒犯錯的風險,故選C.
31.A.推理判斷題.根據(jù)第四段"But we make a grave mistake to embrace the Extrovert Ideal so unthinkingly…"可知,我們不假思索地接受"外向理想型性格",其實是犯了一個嚴重的錯誤.一些最偉大的思想、藝術(shù)作品和發(fā)明--從進化論到凡•高的《向日葵》再到個人電腦--都來自于冷靜和理智的人,他們知道如何傾聽自己的內(nèi)心世界,并從中挖掘?qū)毑兀疚淖髡呦M藗兡芴谷唤邮茏约簝?nèi)向的本性,因為內(nèi)向者具有其獨特的力量.故選A.
點評 考察學生的細節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力,做細節(jié)理解題時一定要找到文章中的原句,和題干進行比較,再做出正確的選擇.在做推理判斷題不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實,要根據(jù)文章事實進行合乎邏輯的推理判斷.