10．Being sociable looks like a good way to add years to your life．Relationships with family，friends，neighbours，even pets，will all work，but the biggest longevity （長壽） increase seems to come from marriage or an equal relationship．The effect was first noted in 1858by William Farr，who wrote that widows and widowers （鰥夫） were at a much higher risk of dying than their married peers．Studies since then suggest that marriage could add as much as seven years to a man's life and two to a woman's．The effect holds for all causes of death，whether illness，accident or self-harm．
Even if the conditions are not good for you，marriage can more than compensate．Linda Waite of the University of Chicago has found that a married older man with heart disease can expect to live nearly four years longer than an unmarried man with a healthy heart．Likewise，a married man who smokes more than a pack a day is likely to live as long as a divorced man who doesn't smoke．There's a flip side，however，as partners are more likely to become ill or die in the couple of years following their husband's or wife's death，and caring for a husband or wife with mental disorder can leave you with some of the same severe problems．Even so，the odds favour marriage．In a 30-year study of more than 10，000people，Nicholas Christakis of Harvard Medical School describes how all kinds of social networks have similar effects．
So how does it work？The effects are complex，affected by socio-economic factors，health-service provision，emotional support and other more physiological （生理的） parts．For example，social contact can increase development of the brain and immune system，leading to better health and less chance of depression later in life．People in supportive relationships may handle stress better．Then there are the psychological benefits of a supportive partner．
A life partner，children and good friends are all recommended if you aim to live to 100．The ultimate social network is still being mapped out，but Christakis says："People are interconnected，so their health is interconnected．"
56．William Farr's study and other studies show thatD．
A．social life provides an effective cure for illness
B．being sociable helps improve one's quality of life
C．women benefit more than men from marriage
D．marriage contributes a great deal to longevity
57．Linda Waite's studies support the idea thatB．
A．older men should quit smoking to stay healthy
B．marriage can help make up for ill health
C．the married are happier than the unmarried
D．unmarried people are likely to suffer in later life
58．The underlined phrase"flip side"in Paragraph.2refers toA．
A．the disadvantages of being married
B．the emotional problems arising from marriage
C．the responsibility of taking care of one's family
D．the consequence of a broken marriage
59．What does Nicholas say about social networks？C
A．They don't include marriage relationships．
B．They help develop people's community spirit．
C．They have similar effects regardless of kind．
D．They help relieve people of their life's burdens．
60．What can be inferred from the last paragraph？B
A．It's important that we develop a social network when young．
B．To stay healthy，one should have a proper social network．
C．Getting a divorce means risking a reduced life span．
D．We should share our social networks with each other．
分析 本文主要講述了William Farr的研究顯示婚姻和一種平等的關(guān)系有助于長壽． Linda Waite研究發(fā)現(xiàn)一個有心臟病的已婚男人可以比未婚但是健康的男人多活4年，顯示了婚姻可以彌補(bǔ)身體不健康帶來的不利因素．尼古拉斯發(fā)現(xiàn)社會網(wǎng)絡(luò)具有類似的效果，為了保持健康，我們可以有一個合適的社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)．
解答 56．D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第一段but the biggest longevity （長壽） increase seems to come from marriage or an equal relationship．和The effect was first noted in 1858by William Farr，可知William Farr的研究顯示婚姻和一種平等的關(guān)系有助于長壽．故選D．
57．B 理解推斷題．根據(jù)第二段Linda Waite of the University of Chicago has found that a married older man with heart disease can expect to live nearly four years longer than an unmarried man with a healthy heart．可知 Linda Waite舉例子說到一個有心臟病的已婚男人可以比未婚但是健康的男人多活4年．由此推知，婚姻可以彌補(bǔ)身體不健康帶來的不利因素．故選B．
58．A 理解判斷題．根據(jù)第二段前面主要分析了婚姻的好處，而后面講述了婚姻給另一方帶來的壞處．由此推知，"flip side"指的是結(jié)婚的缺點(diǎn)．故選A．
59．C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第二段Nicholas Christakis of Harvard Medical School describes how all kinds of social networks have similar effects．可知哈佛醫(yī)學(xué)院的尼古拉斯描述了各種社會網(wǎng)絡(luò)具有類似的效果．故選C．
60．B 理解判斷題．根據(jù)最后一段A life partner，children and good friends are all recommended if you aim to live to 100．The ultimate social network is still being mapped out，but Christakis says："People are interconnected，so their health is interconnected．"可知如果想生活的更長久到100歲，就要發(fā)展自己的社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)．由此推知，為了保持健康，一個人應(yīng)該有一個合適的社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)．故選B
點(diǎn)評 本文考察學(xué)生的理解推斷能力以及細(xì)心程度，只要抓住文章的關(guān)鍵詞，采用尋讀的方法查找細(xì)節(jié)，就能找到正確答案．
