Question

【題目】 It’s common knowledge that some countries have higher life expectancies(預(yù)期壽命) than others, but the city you live in can also affect your health.

Some cities are hard on their residents. In places with poor city planning, for example Lagos, which was called out recently by the Economist Intelligence Unit, public spaces are few, making outdoor activities hard. Lack of infrastructure(基礎(chǔ)建設(shè)) blocks the streets with cars and the air with pollutants, and residents work long hours for little money.

These are just some of the factors added up by Spotahome, a rental agency. They’ve analyzed data from a range of sources, including the World Health Organization and TripAdvisor to score each city on health, life expectancies, obesity, green space and other elements to make a list to work out which are the world’s healthiest cities.

The list is certainly Eurocentric and sunshine is seen as a positive factor. It does go some way toward suggesting which cities are getting it right in providing a good life for their residents. It may not be surprising to learn that most of the healthiest cities are in northern Europe, known for its people-first approach to city planning. The cities of Australia and Canada also do well. However, the first American city is only in 34th place. The U.K. doesn’t fare too well either—its only city in the top 50 list is London, in 40th.

Whether you’re planning a pleasant holiday, or simply wondering what your city can do better in its pursuit for happy citizens, the list of the 50 healthiest cities will give you pause for thought about the future of city planning. Here are the slender, healthy-eating, clean-aired cities that are getting it right.

【1】What plays the key role in building a healthy city according to the text?

A.Local culture.B.City planning.C.Economic condition.D.Geographical position.

【2】What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?

A.How the list of the healthiest cities came into being.

B.What Spotahome discovered in the recent study.

C.The reasons why Spotahome carried out the study.

D.The places where the data of the study came from.

【3】What can we learn from the text?

A.Cities in America lack enough sunshine.

B.The U. K. ranked higher than America in the list.

C.Australia and Canada have the best city planning.

D.Some people in Lagos may live a poor life.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】A

【3】D

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。研究者們通過調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)城市規(guī)劃會影響居民的健康。通過如健康、綠化、壽命、陽光等因素的評分，研究者們列出了一個世界上最健康的城市的清單。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中In places with poor city planning, for example Lagos, which was called out recently by the Economist Intelligence Unit, public spaces are few, making outdoor activities hard.可知，在城市規(guī)劃不完善的地方，比如最近被Economist Intelligence Unit稱為Lagos的地方，公共空間很少，這使得戶外活動很難進行。由此可知，城市建設(shè)是影響居民健康的一個重要的因素。故選B。

【2】段落大意題。根據(jù)第三段中They’ve analyzed data from a range of sources, including the World Health Organization and TripAdvisor to score each city on health, life expectancies, obesity, green space and other elements to make a list to work out which are the world’s healthiest cities.可知，他們分析了一系列來源的數(shù)據(jù)，包括世界衛(wèi)生組織和TripAdvisor網(wǎng)，對每個城市的健康、預(yù)期壽命、肥胖、綠地和其他因素進行評分，從而列出世界上最健康的城市名單。由此可知，第三段主要講了世界上最健康的城市名單是如何形成的。故選A。

【3】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句Lack of infrastructure blocks the streets with cars and the air with pollutants, and residents work long hours for little money.可知，基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的缺乏阻礙了街道上的汽車和污染的空氣，居民長時間工作卻賺不了多少錢。由此可推知，Lagos的一些人們可能過著貧困的生活。故選D。

易錯分析

第三題What can we learn from the text?

A. Cities in America lack enough sunshine.

B. The U. K. ranked higher than America in the list.

C. Australia and Canada have the best city planning.

D. Some people in Lagos may live a poor life.

本題容易根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中The cities of Australia and Canada also do well.(澳大利亞和加拿大的城市規(guī)劃也做得很好)而錯選C選項“澳大利亞和加拿大有最好的城市規(guī)劃”。原文中只提到了這兩個城市在城市規(guī)劃上做得好，但是沒有說明是最好的。本題答案在第二段最后一句Lack of infrastructure blocks the streets with cars and the air with pollutants, and residents work long hours for little money.可知，基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的缺乏阻礙了街道上的汽車和污染的空氣，居民長時間工作卻賺不了多少錢。由此可推知，Lagos的一些人們可能過著貧困的生活。故選D。