6.Water runs downhill from mountaintops to streams to rivers to oceans.But downhill isn't the only way that water moves.A new study measures how water travels from country to country for human consumption.This flow isn't the type we usually think about.These scientists looked at the water used to grow and make the products that get shipped from nation to nation as imports or exports.They call this a flow of"virtual water (虛擬水)".
We typically think about water as the liquid that flows from a tap.However,92% of the water used by people goes into growing crops,according to water researcher Arjen Hoekstra.He and his team recently studied the hidden travels of virtual water used in products made from things like crops and meats.These products are shipped around the world.
For example,consider a sugary soft drink.Hoekstra and his team estimated (估計(jì)) that to produce one half-liter of the drink requires between 170and 310liters of water.Only a tiny amount of that-about 1percent-is the water actually used in the soda.The vast majority of the water-about 95%-is used to grow and process the ingredients (原料).Another 4% goes into the packaging and labeling,say the scientists.In Hoekstra's calculation,when one country produces a half-liter of soda and sells it abroad,it exports as much virtual water as would fill a large refrigerator.
According to Hoekstra's new report,dry countries like Israel and Kuwait,both in the Middle East,get the majority of their virtual water from other countries,through imported products.More surprisingly,some wetter countries,like the Netherlands and the United Kingdom,also get the majority of their virtual water from other places.That means that most of the water used to grow or produce the products and food consumed in those countries came from other countries.
In the United States,most of the virtual water used comes from American sources.In China,even less of the water associated with its products.
Hoekstra and his team turned up other surprising relationships.For example,dry areas in northern China send virtual water to the southern part of that country,which is wetter.
"There are exporting regions that do have a lot of water stress,"he told Science News.
32.What is the best title for the text?D
A.Crops and Virtual Water
B.Import and Export of Water
C.Benefits of Virtual Water
D.Water's Worldwide Travels
33.The first paragraph is intended to talk aboutB.
A.how water flows
B.what virtual water is
C.where virtual water exists
D.why water is imported and exported
34.The example of a sugary soft drink in Paragraph 3 is given to showB.
A.how drinks are made
B.how virtual water is used
C.how virtual water is exported
D.how drinks are shipped
35.The text is most probably aA.
A.science news report
B.book review
C.newspaper advertisement
D.science fiction story.
分析 文章主要講解水是怎么在全世界范圍旅行的.
解答 32-35 D B B A
32.D 主旨大意題.根據(jù)全文可知,本文是一篇科普類(lèi)閱讀,主要介紹水是怎么在全世界范圍旅行的.故D正確.
33.B 推理判斷題.根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句They call this a flow of"virtual water(虛擬水)可知此段講解什么是虛擬水.故B正確.
34.B 推理判斷題.根據(jù)文章第三段,我們可以了解到作者給出實(shí)例來(lái)解釋虛擬水是如何使用的.故B正確.
35.A 推理判斷題.根據(jù)全文可知,本文是一篇科普類(lèi)閱讀.故可以推測(cè)出文章可能選自于科學(xué)新聞報(bào)道.故A正確.
點(diǎn)評(píng) 推理判斷題要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基礎(chǔ)上,做出一定的推理判斷,從而得到文章的隱含意義和深層意義.推理判斷題所涉及的內(nèi)容可能是文中的某一句話(huà),也可能是某幾句話(huà),所以,推理題的答案只能是根據(jù)原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案:即對(duì)原文某一句話(huà)或某幾句話(huà)所作的同義改寫(xiě)或綜合.推理判斷題的題干中通常含有infer,suggest,imply,conclude indicate等標(biāo)志性詞語(yǔ). 這種題型主要包括細(xì)節(jié)判斷題、態(tài)度觀點(diǎn)推斷題、寫(xiě)作意圖推斷題、文章出處判斷題和猜測(cè)想象推斷題.