科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Younger adults who get either little sleep or a lot of it may see a greater expansion in their waistlines（腰圍）over time, a study published suggests. Researchers found that among black and Hispanic adults younger than 40, those who typically slept for five hours or less each night had a greater accumulation of belly fat over the next five years, versus（相比于） those who averaged six or seven hours. Those who slept eight hours or more in bed each night also showed a bigger fat gain - but it was less obvious than that seen in "short sleepers."
The study, reported in the Journal Sleep, does not prove that too little or too much sleep directly leads to excess fat gain. But the findings support and extend those of other studies linking sleep duration - particularly a lack of sleep - to weight gain and even to higher risks of diabetes(糖尿病) and heart disease. Among participants younger than 40, the study found, those who said they slept for five hours or less each night gained more belly fat than those who averaged six or seven hours of sleep. On average, short sleepers showed a 32 percent gain in visceral（內(nèi)臟的）fat, versus a 13 percent gain among those who slept six or seven hours per night, and a 22 percent increase among men and women who got at least eight hours of sleep each night. A similar pattern was seen with superficial abdominal（腹部）fat.
The findings, according to lead researcher Dr. Kristen G. Hairston, support the belief that sleep habits affect weight and health in general. "Sleep is an important part of your overall health - not just in whether you're tired during the day," she said.
There may be indirect effects; people who get too little sleep may be too tired during the day to exercise, while those who spend a lot of time in bed may spend less time being active, relative to people who sleep fewer hours. Research also suggests that sleep loss alters people's levels of appetite-regulating hormones（荷爾蒙）- which could, in theory, cause them to overeat. Depression, which often affects people's sleep and has been linked to weight gain, could also be a factor, Hairston noted.
Who may have the higher risk of being fat over the next five years?
A. Jack, a Hispanic man, aged 35, sleeps for 3 hours every night.
B. Candy, a black woman, aged 41, sleeps for about 5 hours every night.
C. Bob, an American, aged 50, sleeps for more than 12 hours every day.
D. John, a student in Africa, sleeps for more than 6 hours every week.
What does the study, reported in the Journal Sleep find?
A. Too little or too much sleep directly gives rise to the fat gain.
B. People are subject to heart disease due to the lack of sleep.
C. It is admitted that sleep plays an important part in our health.
D. Researchers find a longer sleep time is better for our health.
What does the lead researcher Dr. Kristen G. Hairston agree with?
A. People should do some exercise in their daily life.
B. There is a close link between sleep habits and health.
C. More nutrition is greatly needed when we lack sleep.
D. More and more people tend to sleep less than before.
What can we infer from the passage?
A. Younger adults getting little or much sleep may become fat.
B. We are supposed to do exercise as much as possible to keep fit.
C. We should keep a good sleep habit to improve our health.
D. We have to spare no efforts to drive depression away.
What’s the best title of the passage?
A. Sleep Habits Linked to Fat Gain in Younger Adults.
B. Doing Exercise Is the Best Way to Keep Fit.
C. Our Waistlines Can Be Driven Away Right Now.
D. Diabetes No Longer bother all of Young People.
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科目：高中英語 來源：2013年全國普通高等學校招生統(tǒng)一考試英語（廣東卷帶解析） 題型：完型填空
Number sense is not the ability to count. It is the ability to recognize a 1 in number. Human beings are born with this ability. 2 , experiments show that many animals are, too. For example, many birds have good number sense. If a nest has four eggs and you remove one, the bird will not 3 .However, if you remove two, the bird 4 leaves. This means that the bird knows the 5 between two and three.
Another interesting experiment showed a bird's 6 number sense. A man was trying to take a photo of a crow（烏鴉）that had a nest in a tower, but the crow always left when she saw him coming. The bird did not 7 until the man left the tower. The man had an 8 .He took another man with him to the tower. One man left and the other stayed, but they did not 9 the bird. The crow stayed away until the second man left, too. The experiment was 10 with three men and then with four men. But the crow did not return to the nest until all the men were 11 .It was not until five men went into the tower and only four left that they were 12 able to fool the crow.
How good is a human's number sense? It's not very good. For example, babies about fourteen months old almost always notice if something is taken away from a 13 group. But when the number goes beyond three or four, the children are 14 fooled.
It seems that number sense is something we have in common with many animals in this world, and that our human 15 is not much better than a crow's.
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科目：高中英語 來源：2012-2013學年黑龍江省綏化市第九中學高一下期第一次月考英語試卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解
As children grow up, they become curious about different kinds of things. When they are babies, they are interested in the parts of their bodies and in the smiles of their mothers. The they become interested in the physical world around them: the plants, the
animals, the sky. Later, they become interested in the things that people have made: wheels, bicycles, cars. And when they are adults, their curiosity continues. Sometimes this curiosity leads to a career (生涯、職業(yè)) in science.
Scientists spend their lives trying to find out about the world. Those who work with the earth sciences study the earth, the oceans, and the skies. Other scientists who study living things work with the biological sciences. A third group of scientists study the physical sciences, e. g. physics, chemistry .
These scientists have already discovered a lot about our world. For example, they tell us why your heart beats fast when you run. They say that when you are quiet, your heart normally beats sixty-five or seventy-five times a minute. Your heart is a pump (泵) that pumps blood to all parts of the body. The blood carries oxygen and nutrition. When you run, your muscles work very hard and use the nutrition that the blood carries to them. The muscles need oxygen, too . So your brain sends a signal to the heart. The signal means that the muscles need more nutrition and oxygen. Then the heart beats fast and sends blood quickly to the muscles. It may beat 90 to 140 times a minute.
Of course, scientists cannot answer all of our questions. If we ask, “Why does the ocean water taste salty?”
Scientists will say that the salt comes from rocks. When a rock gets very hot or very cold, it cracks. Rain falls into cracks. The rain then carries the salt into the earth and into the rivers. The rivers carry the salt into the ocean. But then we ask , “What happens to the salt in the ocean? The ocean does not get saltier every year.” Scientists are not sure about the answer to this question.
We know a lot about our world, but there are still many answers that we do not have, and we are curious.
【小題1】According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?
| A．People are curious in the same way. |
| B．People in different countries are interested in different things. |
| C．Men and women are curious about different things. |
| D．People of different ages are interested in different things |
| A．the earth , the oceans and the sky |
| B．man-made things |
| C．plants and animals |
| D．ocean water |
| A．more nutrition and oxygen | B．more signals | C．more salt | D．water |
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科目：高中英語 來源：河北省2009-2010學年度高一下學期第一次考試 題型：閱讀理解
B
It is natural that children are curious about the world around them. For example, they want to know how their hearts beat. They want to know why the ocean water tastes salty.
As children grow up, they become curious about different kinds of things. When they are babies, they are interested in the parts of their bodies and in the smiles of their mothers. They become interested in the physical world around them: the plants, the animals, the sky. Later, they become interested in the things that people have made: wheels, bicycles, cars. And when they are adults, their curiosity continues. Sometimes this curiosity leads to a career (生涯、職業(yè)) in science.
Scientists spend their lives trying to find out about the world．Those who work with the earth sciences study the earth, the oceans, and the skies. Other scientists who study living things work with the biological sciences. A third group of scientists study the physical sciences, e. g. physics, chemistry .
These scientists have already discovered a lot about our world．For example, they tell us why your heart beats fast when you run. They say that when you are quiet, your heart normally beats sixty-five or seventy-five times a minute. Your heart is a pump (泵) that pumps blood to all parts of the body. The blood carries oxygen and nutrition. When you run, your muscles work very hard and use the nutrition that the blood carries to them. The muscles need oxygen, too . So your brain sends a signal to the heart. The signal means that the muscles need more nutrition and oxygen. Then the heart beats fast and sends blood quickly to the muscles. It may beat 90 to 140 times a minute.
Of course, scientists cannot answer all of our questions. If we ask, “Why does the ocean water taste salty” scientists will say that the salt comes from rocks. When a rock gets very hot or very cold, it cracks. Rain falls into cracks. The rain then carries the salt into the earth and into the rivers. The rivers carry the salt into the ocean. But then we ask , “What happens to the salt in the ocean? The ocean does not get saltier every year.” Scientists are not sure about the answer to this question.
We know a lot about our world, but there are still many answers that we do not have, and we are curious.
45．According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?
A．People are curious in the same way.
B．People in different countries are interested in different things.
C．Men and women are curious about different things.
D．People of different ages are interested in different things
46．Scientists who work with the biological sciences study____.
A．the earth , the oceans and the sky B．man-made things
C．plants and animals D．ocean water
47．When you run, your muscles need ____.
A．more nutrition and oxygen B．more signals C．more salt D．water
48．A rock cracks _____.
A．in wet regions B．in dry regions
C．a(chǎn)t very high or very low temperatures D．when salty water falls in
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科目：高中英語 來源：2010-2011學年湖南省婁底市高三上學期第五次月考英語試題 題型：其他題
Directions: Read the following passage．Complete the diagram by using the information from the passage．Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer．
A migraine headache（偏頭疼） can cause disabling pain．People may not feel back to normal for hours or even for days．
Migraine headaches are most common among young adults and middle-aged people．In the United States, about eighteen percent of women and six percent of men report having migraines．
People who suffer from migraines can find that different "triggers" in different people may get a headache started．Stress can act as a trigger．
Many migraine sufferers say hot weather and low barometric pressure（氣壓） can act as triggers, but researchers say they did not have much scientific evidence of that-until now．
In a new study, a team examined the medical records of seven thousand hospital patients．The patients had visited the emergency room at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston, Massachusetts, because of a headache．More than two thousand of them had been found to have a migraine．
The team then compared those records to weather conditions in the twenty-four hours before the hospital visits．For every increase of five degrees Celsius in air temperature, the patients had a seven and one-half percent higher risk of migraine．Decreases in barometric pressure two to three days before the visit also appeared to cause headaches．
A separate study has found that age, gender and where a person has extra body fat may affect the risk of migraine．It found that overweight people between the ages of twenty and fifty-five may have a higher risk．On average, those who were larger around the middle were more likely to have migraines than those of the same age with smaller waistlines（腰圍）．
Experts suggest that losing weight in the stomach area may help younger people who experience migraines, especially women．Doing exercises regularly is also helpful to reducing migraine headaches．
Title: 1.
2.
●3. ．
● Not feel back to normal for hours or even days．
People suffering from it Young adults and 4.
5._______6. Hot weather→ every increase of five degrees Celsius: seven and one-half percent higher risk of migraine
7. → decreases two to three days before the visit appeared to cause headaches
A separate study 8. and where a person has extra body fat→ overweight people between twenty and fifty-five have a higher risk
9. ● Lose weight in the stomach area．
●10. ．
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