Women work harder than men at university and get better degrees as a result, according to a study at Brunel University.
The research, which followed 200 students for four years, found that women consistently outperformed men in their studies even though they had started their courses with almost identical A-level grades.
An analysis of the results showed that while 65 percent of female graduates were awarded, only 35 percent of male graduates did as well. Girls are known to outperform boys at school, but this research showed that trend continued at university.
Fiona Smith, who led the research, said, “The research shows that the difference has something to do with schools in general.”
“It also shows something about the inequality for working women in terms of pay and promotion. Women work harder at school, harder at university, and do better at both, but they still receive less pay.”
The research found that female students were more faithful, less likely to miss lectures, and more likely to believe that their marks reflected their abilities than male students. Female students were also more likely to ask for and receive support from their professors.
Women were also more likely to choose their universities because they liked the courses offered.
In contrast, men were more likely than women to miss lectures due to “other affairs” and “l(fā)aziness”, and to believe that playing sports was an important part of university life.
Generally, people think that women’s success comes from more emphasis on coursework, but the research showed that female geographers at Brunel did better in their exams than in their coursework.
Dr Smith said, “Most women feel that getting good grades is the most important part of university life. They believe that they need to work harder in order to compete in the male-dominated (男性主導(dǎo)的) environment they will encounter at work. Good grades are viewed as an ‘insurance policy’ for success. Men, on the other hand, prefer going out and playing sports to academic work.”
“This research shows how important it is to get all young people working hard and teach them the value of higher education,” he said.
小題1:The research at Brunel University showed that women ________.
A．did worse than men both at school and at university
B．got better grades than men
C．paid little attention to their courses
D．often missed classes
小題2:Which of the following about men is TRUE according to the passage?
A．They work as hard as women.
B．They spend as much time on courses as women.
C．They play a lot more than women.
D．They consider good grades to be an “insurance policy” for success.
小題3:We can infer from the results of the research that ________.
A．women do better both at school and at university
B．female students are more likely to ask for and receive support from their professors
C．compared with men, women are in an unfavorable condition in the male-dominated world
D．it’s easier for women to get rises in pay and promotion
小題4:The main purpose of the research is to _________.
A．give the government some advice on higher education
B．show us some information about higher education
C．show the sex difference in higher education
D．make all students work hard and realize the importance of higher education

小題1:B
小題2:C
小題3:C
小題4:D

試題分析：文萊大學(xué)的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查說明女性在大學(xué)更加刻苦，成績比男性更好，因?yàn)榕砸谶@個男性主導(dǎo)的社會競爭，必須要有好的成績，這個研究的目的是讓所有的學(xué)生努力，并意識到高等教育的重要性。
小題1:細(xì)節(jié)題：從第一段的句子：Women work harder than men at university and get better degrees as a result, according to a study at Brunel University. 可知文萊大學(xué)的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查說明女性在大學(xué)更加刻苦，成績比男性更好，選B。
小題2:細(xì)節(jié)題：從第八段的句子：In contrast, men were more likely than women to miss lectures due to “other affairs” and “l(fā)aziness”, and to believe that playing sports was an important part of university life.可知男性比女性要玩得多，選C。
小題3:推理題：從第五段的句子：It also shows something about the inequality for working women in terms of pay and promotion. Women work harder at school, harder at university, and do better at both, but they still receive less pay.”可知在男性主導(dǎo)的社會，婦女處于不利的地位，選C。
小題4:細(xì)節(jié)題：從最后一段的句子：“This research shows how important it is to get all young people working hard and teach them the value of higher education,” he said.可知這個研究的目的是讓所有的學(xué)生努力，并意識到高等教育的重要性，選D。
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The problem is bound to get worse as China continues to develop economically, he said, and so he and other researchers continue to urge the Chinese government to take action to reduce emissions from cars and industries.
小題1:ozone does harm to plants mainly by ________.
A．exposing them to strong sunlight
B．damaging the structure of their leaves
C．a(chǎn)dding more pores to the roots
D．making the land unfit for the plants to grow
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A．Ozone pollution has increased 1 6 times in the past 30 years．
B．Ozone pollution has lowered plant productivity alone．
C．Plants can take in a large amount of carbon and other pollutants．
D．The toxic air has few effects on food supply in China．
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A．Healthy foods are not available in Beijing．
B．Some kinds of plants aren’t affected by air pollution．
C．Crops in China are hard to feed its large population．
D．People should stop developing economically
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A．care more about developing economy
B．reduce the number of cars and industries
C．continue to make more researches
D．take measures to reduce carbon emissions
小題5:What′S the best title of the passage?
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The average life of a hurricane is only about nine days, but it contains almost more power than we can imagine. The energy in the heat released by a hurricane’s rainfall in a single day would satisfy the entire electrical needs of the United States for more than six months.
Water, not wind, is the main source of death and destruction in a hurricane. A typical hurricane brings 6 to 12 inch downpours resulting in sudden floods. Worst of all is the powerful movement of the sea, the mountains of water moving toward the low-pressure hurricane center. The water level rises as much as 15 feet above normal as it moves toward shore.
小題1:When is an ordinary tropical storm called a hurricane?
A．When it begins in the Atlantic and Caribbean seas.
B．When it hits he coastline.
C．When it is more than 75 mils wide.
D．When its winds reach 75 miles per hour.
小題2:What is the worst thing about hurricane?
A．The destructive effects of water.
B．The heat they release.
C．That they last about nine days on the average.
D．Their strong winds.
小題3:The counter-clockwise swirling of the hurricane is brought about by           .
A．the low-pressure area in the center of the storm
B．the force of waves of water.
C．the trade winds
D．the increasing heat
小題4:Apparently the word “downpour” in the fourth paragraph means           .
A．heavy rainfall
B．dangerous waves
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