19．From bankers to factory staff，employees in the West face a cold prospectof losing their jobs as a global recession（衰退） starts to bite．For colleagues in the East，the pain is more likely to come through a pay cut．
Human resource experts say cultural differences explain why Asian companies try harder to preserve jobs in difficult times，which will prevent unemployment and may help Asian economies survive at a time of slowing exports．The East Asian attitude may also make it easier for companies to recover quickly from the economic downturn since they will not need to rehire or train new staff，but build up a more loyal and devoted group．
"In the Confucian mindset（儒家思想），the right thing to do is to share the burden，which is the sense of collective（集體的） responsibility．While in the West，it's more about individual survival，"said Michael Benoliel，associate professor of organizational behavior at Singapore Management University （SMU）．
In contrast，local Western companies from General Motors to Goldman Sachs plan to lay off workers by the thousands，but at the Asian units of Western multinationals or western units of Asian groups，job cuts will probably be less severe．
Japan's jobless rate was 4 percent in September，up from 3.8 percent in January，while Hong Kong's was flat at 3.4 percent．But US unemployment is expected to have jumped to 6.3 percent last month from below 5 percent in January．
Experts say that while there are noticeable differences in labor practices in East and West，the gap will narrow as more firms become more multinational and competition forces firms to adopt the best practices of rivals from abroad．
36．The underlined word"prospect"in the first paragraph most probably meansCA．weather B．scene C．future D．place
37．Compared with job cuts，pay cuts can bring the following benefits EXCEPT thatB
A．it's helpful to the economy recovery
B．it costs the company less money to survive
C．it will keep the experienced and skilled workers
D．it can form a team working harder and more loyally
38．According to Michael Benoliel，the Confucian mindset focuses onB．
A．human rights
B．sharing responsibility
C．personal profits
D．individual survival
39．In which company can we infer the job cuts will be probably the most severe？A
A．A local American group．
B．A small Japanese company．
C．A German branch of a Korean multinational．
D．A Hong Kong's unit of a French company．
40．The passage mainly tells usD
A．the difficulties all the companies around the world will meet with today
B．the cultural differences between Eastern and Western world at present
C．the ways to cut down the cost of the companies in economic downturn
D．the different labor solutions of Asian and Western in global recession．
分析 本文主要介紹了在全球經(jīng)濟衰退的背景之下，亞洲和西方是如何不同地解決勞工問題．
解答 CBBAD
41-45 CBBAD
36 C 詞義猜測題．根據(jù)文章第一段首句From bankers to factory staff，employees in the West face a cold prospect of losing their jobs as a global recession（衰退） starts to bite．可以推測出prospect為"前景"之意．故選C．
37 B 細節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)文章第二段中The East Asian attitude may also make it easier for companies to recover quickly from the economic downturn since they will not need to rehire or train new staff，but build up a more loyal and devoted group．的內(nèi)容可知D選擇項與文中事實不相符合．故選B．
38 B In the Confucian mindset（儒家思想），the right thing to do is to share the burden（負擔），which is the sense of collective responsibility．While in the West，it's more about individual survival可以判斷出儒家更重視的是分享責任．故選B．
39 A 細節(jié)理解題． 根據(jù)文章第四段 In contrast，local Western companies from General Motors to Goldman Sachs plan to lay off workers by the thousands，but at the Asian units of Western multinationals or western units of Asian groups，job cuts will probably be less severe．可知當?shù)匚鞣焦窘夤偷墓と诉h遠多于亞洲的一些公司，故選A．
40 D 主旨大意題．本文主要介紹了在全球經(jīng)濟衰退的背景之下，亞洲和西方是如何不同地解決勞工問題．故選D．
點評 考察學生的細節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力，做細節(jié)理解題時一定要找到文章中的原句，和題干進行比較，再做出正確的選擇．在做推理判斷題不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實，要根據(jù)文章事實進行合乎邏輯的推理判斷．
