Question

【題目】閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

The College Entrance Exam, also known as Gaokao, is one of the most influential tests scheduled 【1】 June 6th to 8th. For this, Chinese students are separated into Science and Liberal Art at high school, a practice that allows them to stay 【2】(compete) in the College Entrance Examination by choosing preferred subjects. However, thing began to change when the policy of College Entrance Exam Reform 【3】(publish).

And now, an ongoing reform of China’s college entrance exam and enrolling system, 【4】 which students used to be selected for their performance on a single test, 【5】(extend) to cover more provinces in China since 2018, according to the Ministry of Education.

In 2018, the reform was expanded to eight provincial-level 【6】(region), namely Hebei, Liaoning, Jiangsu, Fujian, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong and Chongqing, where Year-1 high school students 【7】(start) from fall 2018 needed to prepare for the change.

It brought the total number of regions implementing the reform 【8】 14, according to the ministry.

With the reform, the new selection and enrollment rules may differ slightly from region to region. In northern China's Hebei Province, students will only have to sit the annual national college entrance test for three subjects, Chinese language, math and foreign language 【9】 (include). Their performances during high school academic tests will also serve as measurable indicators. Their results in the comprehensive quality evaluation throughout the high school will be used as 【10】 reference.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】for

【2】competitive

【3】was published

【4】under

【5】has been extended

【6】regions

【7】starting

【8】to

【9】included

【10】a

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。主要說明了中國高考改革政策的變化。

【1】考查介詞。句意：高考是定于6月6日至8日舉行的最具影響力的考試之一。固定短語scheduled for“預(yù)定；安排”，故填for。

【2】考查形容詞。句意：為此，中國學(xué)生在高中被分為理科和文科，這一做法使他們能夠通過選擇自己喜歡的科目在高考中保持競爭力。stay為系動詞，后跟形容詞作表語，故填competitive。

【3】考查動詞時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：然而，隨著高考改革政策的出臺，情況開始發(fā)生變化。根據(jù)上文thing began to change可知，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)，且從句主語policy與謂語動詞構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，故填was published。

【4】考查介詞。句意：據(jù)教育部表示，自2018年以來，中國正在進(jìn)行的高考招生制度改革已經(jīng)擴(kuò)大到更多省份。高考招生制度過去是根據(jù)考生在一次考試中的表現(xiàn)進(jìn)行選拔。本句為“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)的定語從句修飾college entrance exam and enrolling system，且根據(jù)短語under the system“基于……；根據(jù)……”，故填介詞under。

【5】考查動詞時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意同上。根據(jù)下文since 2018可知，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，且主語與謂語動詞構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，故填has been extended。

【6】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：2018年，改革擴(kuò)大到河北、遼寧、江蘇、福建、湖北、湖南、廣東和重慶8個(gè)省級地區(qū)，2018年秋季開始的高一學(xué)生需要為改革做準(zhǔn)備。列舉的是多個(gè)地區(qū)，所以名詞用復(fù)數(shù)。故填regions。

【7】考查非謂語動詞。句意同上。本句中start作非謂語動詞與邏輯主語students構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系，故填現(xiàn)在分詞starting。

【8】考查固定短語。句意：據(jù)該部表示，這使得實(shí)施改革的地區(qū)總數(shù)達(dá)到14個(gè)。固定短語bring the total number to表示“總數(shù)達(dá)到……”，故填to。

【9】考查非謂語動詞。句意：在中國北方的河北省，學(xué)生只需要參加每年一度的全國大學(xué)入學(xué)考試，科目包括語文、數(shù)學(xué)和外語。本句中include作非謂語動詞與邏輯主語Chinese language, math and foreign language構(gòu)成被動，故填過去分詞included。

【10】考查冠詞。句意：他們在整個(gè)高中綜合素質(zhì)評價(jià)中的成績將作為參考。reference為可數(shù)名詞，此處泛指“一個(gè)參考”，故填不定冠詞a。

非謂語動詞是短文改錯的常見考點(diǎn)，也是難點(diǎn)，考生應(yīng)該從非謂語動詞與主語的邏輯關(guān)系上判斷使用現(xiàn)在分詞還是過去分詞，如果是主謂關(guān)系常使用現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語，原因狀語、結(jié)果狀語及目的狀語等；如果是動賓關(guān)系，過去分詞常作狀語和定語，如第九小題，本句中include做非謂語動詞與邏輯主語Chinese language, math and foreign language構(gòu)成被動，故填過去分詞included。