The literal meaning of philosophy is “l(fā)ove of wisdom”．But this meaning does not tell us very much．Unlike the other disciplines, philosophy cannot be defined by what you study, because it si actually unlimited．Anything can be the subject matter of philosophy: are, history, law, language, literature, mathematics, and in fact, the other academic disciplines are directly related to philosophy．For this reason you get a Doctorate（博士學(xué)位）of Philosophy （Ph．D．） in biochemistry, or computer science, or psychology．

       Two broad sub-fields of philosophy are logic and the history of philosophy．Logic is the science of argument and critical thinking．It provides sound methods for distinguishing good from bad reasonign．The history of philosophy involves the study of major philosophers and periods in the development of philosophy．

       Of what use is philosophy? First it is useful in educational advancement．It is necessary for understanding other disciplines．Only philosophy questions the nature of the concepts used in a discipline, and its relation to other disciplines．And through the study of philosophy, one develops sound methods of research and analysis that can be applied to any field．

       There are a number of general uses of philosophy．It strengthens one’s ability to solve problems, to communicate, to organize ideas and issues, to persuade, and to take what is the most important from a large quantity of data．These general uses are of great benefit in the career field, not necessarily for obtaining one’s first job after graduation, but for preparing for positions of responsibility, management  and leadership later on．It is very short-sighted after all, to take a course of studies only for the purpose of getting one’s first job．The useful skills developed through the study of philosophy have significant long-term benefits in career advancement．No other discipline systematically follows the ideals of wisdom, leadership, and capacity to resolve human conflict．

31．According to paragraph 1, philosophy can best be described as the study of        ．

       A．social sciences                           B．natural sciences

       C．both social and natural sciences             D．the subject matter of politics

32．What does “discipline” mean in the first paragraph?

       A．subject     B．science     C．literature   D．occupation

33．With the study of philosophy, you can        ．

       A．become a great leader

       B．succeed in everything

       C．find a good job soon after graduation

       D．make progress in your career development

34．According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?

       A．Philosophy is an independent discipline．

       B．Logic helps you to become a better thinker．

       C．The study of philosophy brings you immediate benefits．

       D．The meaning of philosophy is too limited to define．

35．From the passage, we can conclude        ．

       A．not all the subjects have to do with philosophy

       B．a(chǎn) person will get a Ph．  D．if he/she studies philosophy

       C．philosophy can be helpful for the study of any other subjects

       D．philosophy is the only solution to all the problems in the world

【小題1】C

【小題2】A

【小題3】D

【小題4】B

【小題5】C


解析:

【小題1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Anything can be the subject mater of philosophy：art, history, law,

language…and values”可知選C。任何事物都能成為哲學(xué)的范疇，藝術(shù)、歷史、法律、語言、文學(xué)、數(shù)學(xué)、

醫(yī)學(xué)、心理學(xué)、宗教、科學(xué)及價(jià)值觀。

【小題2】詞義猜測題。從第一段可以找到答案。

【小題3】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“The useful skills developed through…in career advancement”可知通過

對哲學(xué)的學(xué)習(xí)而獲得的有用技能在以后的事業(yè)發(fā)展中有著長期重要的影響。

【小題4】  細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“philosophy is one of the world’s oldest subjects…directly related to

philosophy�！笨芍狝項(xiàng)錯(cuò)，C項(xiàng)原文沒有提到，根據(jù)第一段第一句可知哲學(xué)已被定義為 “愛智慧”，故D

項(xiàng)錯(cuò)。

【小題5】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Anything can be the subject matter of philosophy”可知A錯(cuò)，由

第一段最后一句可知B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，由最后一段第二句可知D錯(cuò)誤。

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