If your preschoolers turn up their noses at carrots or celery, a small reward like a sticker(貼畫) for taking even a taste may help get them to eat previously disliked foods, a UK study said.

Though it might seem obvious that a reward could encourage young children to eat their vegetables, the idea is actually controversial, researchers wrote in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. That’s because some studies have shown that rewards can backfire and cause children to lose interest in foods they already liked, said Jane Wardle, a researcher at University College London who worked on the study. Verbal praise, such as “Brilliant! You’re a great vegetable taster”, did not work as well.

The study found that when parents gave their small children a sticker each time they took a “tiny taste” of a disliked vegetable, it gradually changed their attitudes. The children were also willing to eat more of the vegetables—either carrots, celery, cucumber, red pepper, cabbage or sugar snap peas—in laboratory taste tests, the study said.

Researchers randomly assigned (分派) 173 families to one of these groups. In one, parents used stickers to reward their children each time they took a tiny sample of a disliked vegetable. A second group of parents used verbal praise. The third group, where Parents used no special vegetable-promoting methods, served as a “control”.

Parents in the reward groups offered their children a taste of the “target” vegetable every day for 12 days. Soon after, children in the sticker group were giving higher ratings to the vegetables—and were willing to eat more in the research lab, going from an average of 5 grams at the start to about 10 grams after the 12-day experience. The turnaround(轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)) also seemed to last, with preschoolers in the sticker group still willing to eat more of the once-disliked vegetable three months later.

Why didn’t the verbal praise work? Wardle said the parents’ words may have seemed “insincere” to their children.

1.What is the purpose of writing the passage?

A. To show the procedure of an experiment on children’s diet

B. To introduce a practical method of making children eat vegetables

C. To explain why children hate to eat vegetables

D. To present a proper way of verbal praise to parents

2.What does the underlined word “backfire” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?

A. Shoot from behind the back

B. Make a fire in the backyard

C. Produce an unexpected result

D. Achieve what was planned

3.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

A. Most children are born to dislike carrots or celery.

B. Children in the sticker group will never lose interest in eating vegetables.

C. Oral praise works quite well in encouraging children to eat vegetables.

D. It remains a question whether rewarding is a good way to get children to eat vegetables.

4.What can we learn from the last paragraph?

A. Children like rewards, not verbal praise.

B. Parents should give up verbal praise.

C. Children are difficult to inspire.

D. Parents should praise their children in a sincere tone.

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Last Sunday, I was sitting in a French restaurant enjoying a meal when I got on a phone call from a friend I hadn’t spoken to in a long time. In my enthusiasm and excitement, I talked quite louder than usual voice and in Spanish, my mother tongue.

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請你根據(jù)下列要點(diǎn)給對(duì)方寫一封回信：

1．語言是道硬門檻；

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注意：

1．詞數(shù)100左右；

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Dear Xiao Lin,

I’m glad to hear that you want to study abroad in your letter.______________________________________

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______________________________________________________________________________________

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The Cambridge Science Festival Curiosity Challenge

Dare to Take the Curiosity Challenge!

The Cambridge Science Festival Curiosity Challenge Dare to Take the Curiosity Challenge! The Cambridge Science Festival (CSF) is pleased to inform you of the sixth annual Curiosity Challenge. The challenge invites, even dares school students between the ages of 5 and 14 to create artwork or a piece of writing that shows their curiosity and how it inspires them to explore their world.
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The news of Harper Lee’s second novel broke the internet. Go Set a Watchman would be published in July. Lee became a recluse (隱士)after the publication of her first book, To Kill a Mockingbird, in 1960. Although the author has been out of the public eye for more than 50 years, the wave that followed the announcement showed her novel’s beloved place in the American literary works.

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A. 2015 B. 1960 C. 1910 D. 1991

2.Which book leaves the deepest impression on American readers?

A. Go Set a Watchman B. To Kill a Mockingbird

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D. It’s impossible for children like Scout to exist.

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