(2013·高考新課標(biāo)全國卷Ⅱ，B)In 1947 a group of famous people from the art world headed by an Austrian conductor decided to hold an international festival of music，dance and theatre in Edinburgh.The idea was to reunite Europe after the Second World War.
It quickly attracted famous names such as Alec Guinness，Richard Burton，Dame Margot Fonteyn and Marlene Dietrich as well as the big symphony orchestras(交響樂團(tuán))．It became a fixed event every August and now attracts 400,000 people yearly.
At the same time，the “Fringe” appeared as a challenge to the official festival.Eight theatre groups turned up uninvited in 1947，in the belief that everyone should have the right to perform，and they did so in a public house disused for years.
Soon，groups of students firstly from Edinburgh University，and later from the universities of Oxford and Cambridge，Durham and Birmingham were making the journey to the Scottish capital each summer to perform theatre by little­known writers of plays in small church halls to the people of Edinburgh.
Today the“Fringe”，once less recognized，has far outgrown the festival with around 1,500 performances of theatre，music and dance on every one of the 21 days it lasts.And yet as early as 1959，with only 19 theatre groups performing，some said it was getting too big.
A paid administrator was first employed only in 1971，and today there are eight administrators working all year round and the number rises to 150 during August itself.In 2004 there were 200 places housing 1,695 shows by over 600 different groups from 50 different countries.More than 1.25 million tickets were sold.
小題1:What was the purpose of Edinburgh Festival at the beginning?
A．To bring Europe together again.
B．To honor heroes of World War Ⅱ.
C．To introduce young theatre groups.
D．To attract great artists from Europe.
小題2:Why did some uninvited theatre groups come to Edinburgh in 1947?
A．They owned a public house there.
B．They came to take up a challenge.
C．They thought they were also famous.
D．They wanted to take part in the festival.
小題3:Who joined the“Fringe”after it appeared?
A．Popular writers.
B．University students.
C．Artists from around the world.
D．Performers of music and dance.
小題4:We may learn from the text that Edinburgh Festival________.
A．has become a non­official event
B．has gone beyond an art festival
C．gives shows all year round
D．keeps growing rapidly

小題1:A
小題2:D
小題3:B
小題4:D
　這是一篇記敘文。1947年一群藝術(shù)界的著名藝術(shù)家在一位奧地利指揮家的帶領(lǐng)下，決定在愛丁堡舉辦國際藝術(shù)節(jié)來使整個歐洲在二戰(zhàn)后再團(tuán)結(jié)起來。沒想到這個藝術(shù)節(jié)得到了許多人的青睞，并迅速發(fā)展。
小題1:解析：選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句話The idea was to reunite Europe after the Second World War.可知答案為A。
小題2:解析：選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句話后半句．..in the belief that everyone should have the right to perform，and they did so in a public house disused for years.可知一些沒被邀請的劇團(tuán)想?yún)⒓铀囆g(shù)節(jié)，故答案為D。
小題3:解析：選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段內(nèi)容可知答案為B。
小題4:解析：選D。推理判斷題。由最后一段的一系列數(shù)據(jù)可知答案為D。
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

It is widely known that any English conversation begins with The Weather.Such a fixation with the weather finds expression in Dr.Johnson’s famous comment that“When two English meet，their first talk is of weather.”Though Johnson’s observation is as accurate now as it was over two hundred years ago，most commentators fail to come up with a convincing explanation for this English weather­speak.
Bill Bryson，for example，concludes that，as the English weather is not at all exciting，the obsession with it can hardly be understood.He argues that“To an outsider，the most striking thing about the English weather is that there is not very much of it.” Simply，the reason is that the unusual and unpredictable weather is almost unknown in the British Isles.
Jeremy Paxman，however，disagrees with Bryson，arguing that the English weather is by nature attractive.Bryson is wrong，he says，because the English preference for the weather has nothing to do with the natural phenomena.“The interest is less in the phenomena themselves，but in uncertainty.”According to him，the weather in England is very changeable and uncertain and it attracts the English as well as the outsider.
Bryson and Paxman stand for common misconceptions about the weather­speak among the English.Both commentators，somehow，are missing the point.The English weather conversation is not really about the weather at all.English weather­speak is a system of signs，which is developed to help the speakers overcome the natural reserve and actually talk to each other.Everyone knows conversations starting with weather­speak are not requests for weather data.Rather，they are routine greetings，conversation starters or the blank “fillers”．In other words，English weather­speak is a means of social bonding.
小題1:The author mentions Dr.Johnson’s comment to show that________.
A．most commentators agree with Dr.Johnson
B．Dr.Johnson is famous for his weather observation
C．the comment was accurate two hundred years ago
D．English conversations usually start with the weather
小題2:What does the underlined word “obsession” most probably refer to?
A．A social trend.
B．An emotional state.
C．A historical concept.
D．An unknown phenomenon.
小題3:According to the passage，Jeremy Paxman believes that________.
A．Bill Bryson has little knowledge of the weather
B．there is nothing special about the English weather
C．the English weather attracts people to the British Isles
D．English people talk about the weather for its uncertainty
小題4:What is the author’s main purpose of writing the passage?
A．To explain what English weather­speak is about.
B．To analyse misconceptions about the English weather.
C．To find fault with both Bill Bryson and Jeremy Paxman.
D．To convince people that the English weather is changeable.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Below are pages adapted  from, http：//sochi2014．com/en/
Sochi Volunteers

小題1:Sochi 2014 Volunteer Training Program was launched on       ．
A．30 May 2013B．11 March 2013 C．16 December 2013D．19 September 2013
小題2:“ White Stick"  Music Festival took place in      ．
A．SochiB．St． Petersburg
C．the United Kingdom D．Moscow
小題3:Which of the following statements is true?
A．The 25 ,000 volunteers were from Russia．
B．Winners of Cultural Program Competition weren't known until 19 September 2013．
C．From August,25 to September,8,you were able to enjoy Winter Games in Sochi．
D．Few of the cultural activities were intended for creating atmosphere of Sochi Winter Games．
小題4:From the two boxes, you can learn that the activities were listed according to      ．
A．importanceB．placeC．dateD．name

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Do you ever wonder why the English have one word for some animals and a different one for their meat? Why do they use pig and pork, cow and beef, and sheep and mutton? To find it out, we have to go back to 1066, when the Norman French invaded England and put a French king on the English throne (王位), which not only changed the government but also changed the language. French became the language of the upper classes of society. And it remained that way for 300 years. Only these high society people could afford to eat meat. As a result, French words like porc (pork) and beouf (beef) came into the English language. However, poor English farmers raised the animals. So the English language retained the words pig and cow from the Native Anglo-Saxon.
The Norman French added about 10,000 French words to the English language. Seventy-five percent of them are still in use today.
In French grammar, nouns have either a male or female gender (性別), so adjectives (形容詞) take different forms for each. English has only one adjective that does this, and it came from French. The word “blond” describes someone with light-colored hair. “Blond” is used for men, and “blonde” describes women. And they are also nouns.
Some French words that entered the English language have taken on completely different meanings. The French phrase “a la mode” means “in style”. In English, the phrase means “with the ice cream”. Someone must have decided something eaten with ice cream was in style!
Now, as you learn English, you’re on your way to learning French!
小題1:French was once popular among the upper classes of the UK because_____.
A．too many French moved to Britain
B．French brought animals with them
C．the king and his officials spoke French
D．the king allowed French to be spoken
小題2:Which word can replace the word “retained” in Paragraph 1?
A．ChoseB．KeptC．IntroducedD．Give up
小題3:Why does an English speaker find French easy to learn?
A．Because English and French share similar pronunciations.
B．Because English grammar and French grammar are similar.
C．Because a large number of English words have French origins.
D．Because English has great influences on the French language.
小題4:French grammar is very different from English grammar because ______.
A．no words have the same pronunciation
B．a(chǎn)ll words have the same pronunciation
C．English nouns have a male or female gender
D．French nouns have different adjective forms
小題5:What conclusion can we draw from the text?
A．Language is closely related to history and culture.
B．French and English words have nothing in common.
C．Language is controlled by the upper classes of society.
D．English combines French and the Native Anglo-Saxon.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

J.K. Rowling set children’s imaginations on fire. Can the creator of Harry Potter do the same for a grown-up audience? The British author will find out on September 27, when more than 2 million hardcover(精裝書) copies of her first novel for adults hit bookstores in the UK and the US, along with the digital edition. Set in a little English town, The Casual Vacancy is about an election held after an unexpected death.
Michael Pietsch, Rowling’s US publisher, says the novel reminded him of Dickens “because of the humanity, the humor, the social concerns, the intensely real characters”. No magic though, apparently: “This book isn’t Harry Potter”, says Pietsch. “It is a completely different concern”. As with Harry Potter, there are no advance copies for the media, no early reviews. To date, the seven-book series has sold more than 450 million copies worldwide, and it became one of the most successful movie franchises in July 21, 2007.
Back then, fans could buy books at midnight parties hosted by bookstores. But recent years have seen a great challenge for brick-and-mortar(實體的) bookstores. People are still buying books, indeed more books than in 2007, according to figures released by the Association of American Publishers. But they are reading them in a new format(樣式)—the e-book. The Harry Potter series just became available digitally for the first time in April. It will be different for The Casual Vacancy, with the publisher simultaneously releasing an e-book. For Rowling fans who once queued up for Harry Potter, this means that instant satisfaction is now only a click away.
Moving from children’s books to adult literature is a big transition. Will Rowling’s new book be successful? Arthur Levine, the US co-editor of the Harry Potter books, seems confident: “If you read or re-read the Harry Potter books, you can see that Rowling has all the strengths she needs for great success as a fiction writer –you have great characters, an involving plot, a sense of humor and great empathy”.
小題1:In Paragraph 2, what Michael Pietsch says means that_____.
A．Dickens’ works are too impressive to forget.
B．J.K. Rowling has all the strengths of Dickens.
C．The new book is similar to Dickens’ works in some way.
D．The new book is quite different from the works of Dickens.
小題2:The underlined word “simultaneously” has the closest meaning with“______”.
A．willinglyB．meanwhileC．especiallyD．eventually
小題3:What’s the main purpose of Paragraph 3?
A．To explain why the new book will have a digital edition.
B．To show the Harry Potter series are popular with readers.
C．To compare J.K. Rowling’s old books and her new book.
D．To clarify the great challenges for brick-and-mortar bookstores.
小題4:What do the Harry Potter series and The Casual Vacancy have in common?
A．They are both intended for children.
B．They both show the author’s great talent.
C．Their characters both have magical power.
D．Both of them won’t be read on the Internet.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Scotland is a unique place, loaded with history, where you can find aristocratic（貴族的）palaces and castles, as well as the traditional parades in national costumes.
In order to see and discover the true soul of Scotland today and what formed the character of this splendid region, we have to go towards the northern regions, to the Grampian Mountains（格蘭扁山區(qū)）, beautiful and plain. The Scots conquered the environment with simple spades and strong arms, for it was difficult to farm.
The history of this ancient struggle, and its people’s ancient love with the hard land, can be felt within the walls of the Angus Folk Museum. You are able to get a feel of the typical rural atmosphere of times past from the everyday artifacts displayed here.
From coastal Aberdeen in towards the Grampian Mountains there runs the Castle Trail, a road that touches on many fortresses（堡壘）, which are witnesses of continual fights against the control of neighboring England in Scottish history. 
Perhaps the most exciting moment for Scottish autonomy is the one experienced inside this ancient church of Arbroath, where, in 1320, the Declaration of Independence was celebrated, at the instigation（鼓動）of King Robert the Bruce. He carried out the plan for autonomy drawn up by the great popular hero William Wallace, for whom cinema has designed the wonderful film Brave Heart, the winner of the five Oscars. 
This is Glamis Castle, where King Macbeth and Queen Elizabeth used to live. Among the most frequent guests here are the predictable ghosts, if not actually created, by ancient popular beliefs. These have been handed down over the centuries by people tending to live with mystery, with the forces of the supernatural.
Another attraction here is a legendary monster: the Loch Ness Monster. Whether it’s real or imaginary, this monster, which has been nicknamed Nessie, has collected a good 3,000 sightings over the last 50 years.
The true flag of Scotland, tartan, is recognizable from the brightly colored plaid patterns which are used to distinguish the various social groups. 
Bagpipes and dancing open the competitions of local sporting events, which are called Highland Gatherings.
小題1:Take a look at the Angus Folk Museum, and we can learn about _______.        .
A．the love of ancient Scottish to the hard land
B．the rural atmosphere in Grampian Mountains
C．a(chǎn)ncient Scottish people’s fighting against the enemy
D．the history of the Scottish famous palaces and castles
小題2:What were the fortresses built for?
A．Fighting against the invaders of England.
B．Developing business with neighbor areas.
C．Preventing the people from moving around.
D．Providing a shelter from tough weather for travelers.
小題3:In the fifth paragraph, the underlined “the one” refers to the moment of _______.
A．the film Brave Heart winning the five Oscars
B．the plan for Scottish autonomy being carried out
C．the instigation of King Robert the Bruce
D．the celebration of the Declaration of Independence
小題4: According to the passage, which one is TRUE?
A．The film Brave Heart is mainly about King Robert Bruce.
B．The Scottish film industry is one of the attractions of the land.
C．Highland gatherings are often marked with bagpipes and dancing
D．The supernatural forces in Glamis Castle may change a person’s belief.
小題5:The purpose of the writer is to _______.
A．a(chǎn)dvise readers to pay a visit to Scotland
B．teach students about the customs of Scotland
C．introduce cultural background about Scotland
D．a(chǎn)nalyze the geographic formation of Scotland

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

In the eighteenth century one of the first modern economists, Adam Smith, thought that “ the whole annual produce of the land and labour of every country” provided revenue to “three different orders of people: those who live by rent, those who live by wages, and those who live by profit”. Each successive stage of the industrial revolution, however, made the social structure more complicated.?
Many intermediate groups grew up during the nineteenth century between the upper middle class and the working class. There were small-scale industrialists as well as large ones, small shopkeepers and tradesmen, officials and salaried employees, skilled and unskilled workers, and professional men such as doctors and teachers. Farmers and peasants continued in all countries as independent groups.?
During the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries the possession of wealth inevitably affected a person’s social position. Intelligent industrialists with initiative made fortunes by their wits which lifted them into an economic group far higher than that of their working-class parents. But they lacked social training of the upper class, who despised them as the “new rich.”?
They often sent their sons and daughters to special schools to acquire social training. Here their children, mixed with the children of the upper classes, were accepted by them, and very often found marriage partners from among them. In the same way, a thrifty, hardworking labourer, though not clever himself, might save for his son enough to pay for an extended secondary school education in the hope that he would move in a “white-collar” occupation, carrying with it a higher salary and a move up in the social scale.?
In the twentieth century the increased taxation of higher incomes, the growth of the social services, and the wider development of educational opportunity have considerably altered the social outlook. The upper classes no longer are the sole, or even the main possessors of wealth, power and education, though inherited social position still carries considerable prestige.
小題1:What criterion did Adam Smith seem to go by in his classification of social groups?
A．The amount of wealthB．The amount of money
C．The social statusD．The way of getting money
小題2:If you compare the first and second paragraph, what groups of people did Adam Smith leave out in his classification?
A．Officials and employees.B．Peasants and farmers.
C．Doctors and teachers.D．Tradesmen and landlords.
小題3:Who were the ‘new rich’ during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries?
A．They were still the upper class people.
B．They were owners of large factories.
C．They were intelligent industrialists.
D．They were skilled workers who made their fortune.
小題4:According to the passage, what did those people do who intended to make their children move up in the social ladder?
A．They saved a lot of money for their children to receive higher education.
B．They tried to find marriage partners from the children of the upper class.
C．They made greater fortunes by their wits.
D．They worked even harder to acquire social training.
小題5: In the twentieth century class differences have been partly smoothed out by ____.
A．increased income and decreased taxation
B．taxation, social services and educational opportunities
C．education, the increase of income and industrial development
D．the decrease of the upper class population

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

Valentine’s Day is a popular festival of love and romance. There are      legends associated with the festival along with the belief that birds began to mate from this day. Historians trace (追蹤)its      to an ancient Roman festival. It is said that in ancient Rome, people      a holiday on February 14th to honor Juno—the Queen of Roman Gods and Goddesses. On the following day, February 15th，the festival of Lupercalia was celebrated to honor the Roman God of Agriculture.
An interesting      was followed on the festival of Lupercalia to bring together young boys and girls who otherwise were strictly      . On the eve of the festival, names of young Roman girls were written on a slip of paper and placed into jars. Each young man      a girl's name from the jar and was paired with the girl during the festival. Sometimes the      lasted for a year until next year's celebration. Quite often，the couple would fall in love with each other and       marry. The custom lasted for a long time until people felt that it was un-Christian and that mates should be chosen by sight, not      .
The pairing of young boys and girls set the mood of the Valentine's Day Festival as we know today. But it was      due to the efforts and daring of a priest St Valentine that the festival got its       and clearer meaning. The story goes that Emperor Claudius II of Rome found it      to get soldiers and felt the reason why men did not join the      was that they did not wish to leave their wives and families. As a result, Claudius cancelled all marriages and engagements in Rome. St Valentine challenged Claudius's      order and secretly married couples. When his disobedience was      ，Valentine was put to death on February 14, around 270 AD. After his death Valentine was named a saint.
小題1:
A．a(chǎn)cceptableB．familiarC．variousD．unrelated
小題2:
A．possibilityB．developmentC．eventD．origin
小題3:
A．studiedB．observedC．handledD．discussed
小題4:
A．movementB．celebrationC．competitionD．custom
小題5:
A．respectedB．educatedC．separatedD．organized
小題6:
A．spoke outB．brought outC．pulled outD．drew out
小題7:
A．pairingB．datingC．playingD．celebrating
小題8:
A．fortunatelyB．occasionallyC．finallyD．surprisingly
小題9:
A．orderB．riskC．nameD．luck
小題10:
A．usuallyB．a(chǎn)ctuallyC．reallyD．factually
小題11:
A．historyB．storyC．fameD．name
小題12:
A．strangeB．slowC．a(chǎn)wfulD．tough
小題13:
A．warB．partyC．a(chǎn)rmyD．game
小題14:
A．unfinishedB．unjustifiedC．unrecognizedD．unconcerned
小題15:
A．discoveredB．a(chǎn)ttackedC．memorizedD．promised

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

When you walk along a street in a big city in the United States， you may see clocks in most stores. Radio announcers give the correct time during the day. People there think that it is important to know the time. Most Americans have watches. They want to do certain things at certain times. They do not want to be late. Not all people all over the world value time. Suppose you visit a certain country in South America. You would find that people living there do not like to rush. If you had an appointment（約會）with someone， he would probably be late. He would not care for arriving on time. In some countries in South America， even the radio programs may not begin right on time， nor do the radio announcers think it important to announce the right time. Many people regard a clock as a machine. It seems to them that a person who does everything on time is controlled（控制）by a machine. They do not want a clock or any machine to have that much power over their lives.
小題1:There are clocks in most stores in the US cities because ______.
A．people in the stores want to sell these clocks
B．people think it important to know the time
C．bosses want to make their stores beautiful
D．they needn't wear watches when they are away from home
小題2:The underlined word “rush” in the passage most probably means ______.
A．“run”B．“race”C．“move”D．“hurry”
小題3:If you had an appointment with someone in some place in South America,he might not arrive on time，and this is because ______.
A．he didn't have a watch with him
B．he didn't think it important to arrive on time
C．he forgot to have a look at a watch or a clock
D．he didn't like an appointment with someone
小題4:In some countries in South America ______.
A．the radio programs many start a bit early or late
B．the radio announcers do think it important to announce the exact time
C．many people think a clock has much power
D．most people do not want to be controlled by others

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