Question

【題目】閱讀下面短文，根據其內容寫一篇60詞左右的內容概要。

Many things — genetics, environment, the food you eat, illness, sleep, even the seasons — influence your emotional state. But at the heart of it is how you regard yourself. If you have a healthy level of self-esteem (自尊), you not only deal with life's challenges better than people with low self-esteem, but you're probably more content, confident, and successful. You're probably also healthier. Studies show that positive self-esteem actually helps prevent people against depression and anxiety.Most people's sense of worth is rooted in their childhood — in the early approval or disapproval of parents, teachers, and friends. But as we get older, most of us judge ourselves by our sense of how effectively we're managing in the world, especially in the areas of love and work. Our ability to love and be loved can give our lives a sense of purpose and deep fulfillment. We can also find satisfaction and pride in work-related accomplishments, and the people we meet and work with can strengthen our sense of self and our role in life.

Once midlife comes along, however, our self-esteem can take a turn in response to changes in our lives. Marriage may change, children may leave home, and we may begin to cut back on work as we approach retirement. Of course, the view in the mirror may not be what it used to be, either.

If you find your self-esteem eroding (變弱) a bit, there are plenty of ways to build it back up again.

Reframe your identity. Redefine what you base your sense of self-worth on. Instead of “sales manager”, “stock market analyst”, or “mom”, start thinking of yourself as “community organizer”, “l(fā)iteracy volunteer”, “great cook”, “gifted gardener”, and more.

Talk back to your inner critic. Become conscious of how hard you're being on yourself, and fight against a negative attitude with some positive self-talk.

Take time for yourself. Read the paper, keep a journal, go for a swim. This is especially important for women, who are often so busy nurturing others that they neglect their own needs and interests. (346 words)

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Answer 1

【答案】People with high self-esteem (a healthy level of self-esteem/positive esteem) turn out healthier and happier. While our sense of self-worth/(self-esteem is deeply influenced by childhood experiences, it is also shaped by our performances, fulfillment and satisfaction in work and interpersonal relationship. When your self-esteem fails due to different changes, you can strengthen it by giving yourself a new identity, stopping being critical about yourself and satisfying your own needs.

【解析】

本篇書面表達是概要寫作。

概要寫作是將閱讀與寫作有機結合，要求考生既能讀懂文章信息，又要依據要求規(guī)范連貫地表達內容，其中準確概括很有挑戰(zhàn)且十分重要，根據記敘文、議論文、說明文等不同文體作相應概括，總的來說，遵循以下步驟：確定主題句；尋找關鍵詞；重構主題句；重組支持句。如本文可概括出：自尊心強的人會更健康、更快樂；雖然我們的自尊深受童年經歷的影響，但它也受我們在工作和人際關系中的表現、成就感和滿足感的影響；當你因不同的變化而失去自尊時，你可以通過給自己一個新的身份，停止對自己的批評，滿足自己的需要來增強自尊心。同時要注意詞數要求和使用自己的語言。