【2011·河南許昌新鄉(xiāng)平頂山第三次調研】D
THIS was the year the Earth struck back.
Earthquakes, heat waves, floods, volcanoes, super typhoons, snow storms, landslides and droughts killed at least a quarter of a million people in 2010 – the deadliest year in more than a generation. More people were killed worldwide by natural disasters this year than have been killed in terrorism attacks in the past 40 years combined.
"It just seemed like it was back-to-back and it came in waves," said Craig Fugate, who heads the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency. It handled a record number of disasters in 2010.
And we have ourselves to blame most of the time, scientists and disaster experts say.
Even though many catastrophes have the ring of random chance, the hand of man made this a particularly deadly, costly, extreme and weird（古怪的） year for everything from wild weather to earthquakes.
Poor construction and development practices conspire to make earthquakes more deadly than they need be. More people live in poverty in vulnerable（脆弱的） buildings in crowded cities. That means that when the ground shakes, the river breaches, or the tropical cyclone hits, more people die.
Disasters from the Earth, such as earthquakes and volcanoes "are pretty much constant," said Andreas Schraft, vice president of catastrophic perils for the Geneva-based insurance giant Swiss Re. "All the change that's made is man-made."
The January earthquake that killed well more than 220,000 people in Haiti is a perfect example. Port-au-Prince has nearly three times as many people - many of them living in poverty - and more poorly built shanties than it did 25 years ago. So had the same quake hit in 1985 instead of 2010, total deaths would have probably been in the 80,000 range, said Richard Olson, director of disaster risk reduction at Florida International University.
In February, an earthquake that was more than 500 times stronger than the one that struck Haiti hit an area of Chile that was less populated, better constructed, and not as poor. Chile's bigger quake caused fewer than 1,000 deaths.
Climate scientists say Earth's climate also is changing, bringing extreme weather, such as heat waves and flooding.
In the summer, one weather system caused oppressive heat in Russia, while farther south it caused flooding in Pakistan that inundated 161,200 square kilometers, about the size of Wisconsin. That single heat-and-storm system killed almost 17,000 people, more people than all the worldwide airplane crashes in the past 15 years.
Scientists have calculated that the killer Russian heat wave—setting a national record of 43.9℃—would happen once every 100,000 years without global warming.
68．What is responsible for the most human deaths in 2010?
A．Natrual disasters. B．Terrorist attacks.
C．Poor buildings. D．Too rapid developrnent.
69．According to Andreas Schraft, .
A．earthquakes are happening more often because of human beings
B．earthquakes are causing more damage because of human beings
C．stronger houses should be built to limit storm damage
D．Port—au—Prince is now overpopulated
70．The main point of the article is to .
A．list the natural disasters that occurred in 2010
B．give the details of some natural disasters of 2010
C．warn that more natural disasters are to strike
D．blame humanity for not helping those affected by the disasters
新課標階梯閱讀訓練系列答案科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
【2011·河南許昌新鄉(xiāng)平頂山第三次調研】
C
The Neighborhood Watch" scheme all started a few years ago in the quiet village of Mollington after a number of burglaries in the village and the surrounding area．The villagers came up with the idea that they themselves could keep an eye on their neighbor's possessions while they were away on holiday．Since then, and with the support of the government and police, more than 50,000 "Neighborhood Watch" schemes have been set up all over the country．
The object of each "Watch" group is to reduce the opportunities that criminals have in any particular street or area．Each villager who is a member of the scheme will call the police whenever they see something suspicious．It is the police who actually check out each report and look into what is happening．Villagers who are part of the "Watch" are not supposed to act as police or put themselves in danger．
When a new Neighborhood Watch scheme is set up in an area, one benefit is that most burglars dare not take a chance of breaking into someone's house because they know that there is a high risk of being seen by neighbors keeping a looking-out．Burglars also know that people are more likely to have fitted good locks to their doors and windows．
Another benefit is that, since the "Neighbor Watch" scheme came into existence, there is growing evidence of a new community spirit．It is bringing people together as never before, and encouraging people to care for each other．New friendships are being made, and contact is often established with old people living on their own, who are often the most frightened and the most at risk．
63．The "Neighborhood Watch" scheme in Mollington was started __ ___.
A．before any others in the country
B．after 50,000 burglars in the area
C．because some villagers wanted to go away for a holiday
D．because the police could not protect people
64．When members of a "Watch" group see suspicious individuals, they __ ___.
A．contact the police B．try and frighten them away.
C．try and arrest them D．call the other members
65．When a new "Watch" scheme starts in an area __
A．people fit new locks to their doors and windows
B．the police send fewer officers to the area
C．villagers put signs on their doors
D．Burglars are less likely to break into houses
66．Another benefit of "Watch" schemes is that __ ___.
A．members of the "Watch" look after old people
B．different kinds of people are attracted to live in the area
C．people get to know each other better
D．old people are no longer frightened of crime
67．In general, the author seems to think that __ ___.
A．it is hard to have any privacy in a "Neighbourhood Watch" area
B．the police should do more to protect people
C．"Watch" schemes are not very useful in reducing crime
D．the "Neighbourhood Watch" schemes have been successful
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
【2011·河南許昌新鄉(xiāng)平頂山第三次調研】
D
In a win-at-all-costs world, we have accepted so-called " gamesmanship" （至勝絕招）．It is not unusual for players to try their best to win．But when it comes to golf, it is a different story—honesty is a symbol of honor in the game．
It's the reason why Zach Nash, a 14-year-old who won a junior tournament this summer in Wisconsin, US, returned his medal．Nash carried an extra club（球棒）in his golf bag during the competition．It belonged to a friend and Zach forgot it was there as he played．A player noticed something was wrong．"Count your golf clubs," he told the teenager．
Fifteen—one more than allowed．Zach's eyes filled with tears．
The error had no effect on Zach's final score—he never used the extra club．But even so, the boy packed up his medal and dropped it in the mail "．．．this was golf, and rules are rules．I just knew what I had to do," he said．
Golf isn't a game where referees watch closely, unlike football or basketball．In golf tournaments, dozens of competitors are spread across acres of land, so officials cannot hope to see each shot．Competitors call penalties （罰球） on themselves．
The tradition can be traced back．Golf became popular as a pastime for the wealthy, who seemed to have strict rules for every occasion．"It was a sport for gentlemen, and gentlemen did not care about winning．They cared about doing the right thing," said Robert Simon, a golf coach at Hamilton College in New York．
So when one of the game's early stars, Bobby Jones, was praised for calling a penalty on himself at the 1925 US Open, he replied: "You might as well praise a man for not robbing a bank．"
As for Zach, he competed in another tournament and before teeing off, he counted his Clubs—four times．
68．Zach Nash returned a medal he won in a junior tournament because __ ___.
A．he was caught cheating by a player B．he made a mistake counting his final score
C．he decided to follow the rules of golf D．he used another player's club by mistake
69．Which of the following statements about golf is TRUE according to the article?
A．Golf players usually do whatever it takes to win．
B．Golf referees watch each shot and call penalties．
C．Early golf players didn't care about the rules．
D．In golf honor comes before victory．
70．The word "teeing off" underlined in the last passage probably means "______"．
A．getting started B．getting caught C．leaving D．winning
71．What is the passage mainly about?
A．Zack's medal． B．The history of golf．
C．Honesty counts in golf． D．Golf is everybody's game．
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
【2011·河南許昌新鄉(xiāng)平頂山第三次調研】
A
In many cultures, the wealthy hired servants or kept slaves to take care of their children．This is a true story of an ex-slave．
My mother was a cook in the house for about twenty-two years．She cooked for from twenty-five to thirty—five, taking the family and the slaves together．The slaves ate in the kitchen．After my mistress's （女主人） death, my mother was the only woman kept in the house．She took care of my master's children, some of whom were then quite small, and brought them up．One of the most trying senses I ever passed through, when I would have laid down my life to protect her if I had dared, was this: after she had raised my master's children, one of his daughters, a young girl, came into the kitchen one day, and for some unimportant things about the dinner, she struck my mother, who pushed her away, and she fell on the floor．Her father was not at home．When he came, which was while the slaves were eating in the kitchen, she told him about it．He came down, called my mother out, and, with a wooden stick, he beat her fifteen or twenty strokes, and then called his daughter and told her to take her satisfaction of her, and she did beat her until she was satisfied．Oh! It was dreadful, to see the girl whom my poor mother had taken care of from her childhood, thus beating her, and I must stand there, and did not dare to protect her．
56．From the second sentence in the second paragraph we can know _____．
A．the age Curry's mother was when she was a cook．
B．the number of people Curry's mother cooker for．
C．the years during which Curry's mother cooked．
D．a system of measurement not used nowadays．
57．Which word can best replace the underlined one "trying” ?
A．Troublesome． B．Daring．
C．Secure． D．Painless．
58．By saying "take her satisfaction of her", the author means "_____"．
A．please her B．punish her until contented
C．show her the correct way D．calm her
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
【2011·河南許昌新鄉(xiāng)平頂山第三次調研】
A
What is red but green, open but closed and old but new?
The answer is: London’s new double-decker（雙層）buses.
Red double-deckers are a symbol of the city. Their status was sealed (確定) in 2008 when one bus made the longer-than-usual trip to Beijing to collect a special passenger: the Olympic Flame.
On November 11, a life-size model of the new bus was shown to the media. The Guardian reported that the new design shares some of the features of the much-missed double-decker Routemaster bus. The original Routemaster was introduced in 1956 but December 2005 saw the end of the old bus’s general service. It was because the bus was difficult for some passengers to use and not environmentally friendly. But it can still be seen on two heritage routes in the city.
Its replacements —boxy, modern double—deckers—have failed to win Londoners’ affection.
London mayor Boris Johnson told the BBC that the new buses were “a combination of nostalgia（懷舊）and the latest technology”. “Standing on the back platform of this bus brings a sense of nostalgia but also shows the best part of the latest technology and design, making this bus fit for the 21st Century,” he said.
The new bus also returns to the driver—and—conductor model—a key feature of the original version. It will be quieter than the old type and have a platform offering passengers the traditional hop—on hop—off service.
The first five new buses will be seen on the roads by early 2012.
56．Which of the following shows that red double—deckers are a symbol of London?
A．They have a long history and are seen everywhere in London.
B．They have nothing in common with the traditional Routemaster bus.
C．One such bus went from London to Beijing to collect the Olympic Flame.
D．They carried British athletes from London to attend the Beijing Olympics.
57．Which of the following is true of the original Routemaster?
A．The bus came into use in the 1960s.
B．The bus was banned because it was harmful to the environment.
C．Passengers didn’t like the bus because it was slow.
D．Visitors to London cannot see such buses on the roads any more.
58．According to London mayor Boris Johnson, the new Routemaster .
A．has not been as well received as was expected
B．will be widely used in London in 2012
C．is the most environmentally friendly bus in the UK
D．combines the latest technology with key traditional features
59．What is the characteristic of the new red double – deckers?
A．The buses will make no noises.
B．The buses will have no conductors.
C．They will be equipped with air – conditioning.
D．The bus platform will offer passengers a traditional service.
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