Question

It is difficult for doctors to help a person with a damaged brain. Without enough blood, the brain lives for only three to five minutes. More often the doctors can’t fix the damage. Sometimes they are afraid to try something to help because it is dangerous to work on the brain. The doctors might make the person worse if he operates on the brain.

Dr. Robert White, a famous professor and doctor, thinks he knows a way to help. He thinks doctors should make the brain very cold. If it is very cold, the brain can live without blood for 30 minutes. This gives the doctor a longer time to do something for the brain.

Dr. White tried his idea on 13 monkeys. First he taught them to do different jobs, and then he op­erated on them. He made the monkeys' blood go through a machine. The machine cooled the blood. Then the machine sent the blood back to the monkeys' brains. When the brain’s tempera­ture was 10°C, Dr. White stopped the blood to the brain. After 30 minutes he turned the blood back on. He warmed the blood again. After their operations the monkeys were like they had been before. They were healthy and busy. Each one could still do the jobs the doctor had taught them.

1. The biggest difficulty in operating on the damaged brain is that _______.

A. the time is too short for doctors

B. the patients are often too nervous

C. the damage is extremely hard to fix

D. the blood-cooling machine might break down

2.The brain operation was made possible mainly by _______.

A. taking the blood out of the brain

B. trying the operation on monkeys first

C. having the blood go through a machine

D. lowering the brain’s temperature

3.With Dr. White’s new idea, the operation on the damaged brain _______.

A. can last as long as 30 minutes

B. can keep the brain’s blood warm

C. can keep the patient’s brain healthy

D. can help monkeys do different jobs

4. What is the right order of the steps in the operation?

a. send the cooled blood back to the brain

b. stop the blood to the brain

c. have the blood cooled down

d. operate on the brain

A. a, b, c, d B. c, a, b, d

C. c, b, d, a D. b, c, d, a

Answer 1

1.A

2.D

3.A

4.B

【解析】

試題分析：本文講述了給頭顱做手術(shù)是非常困難的，因?yàn)轭^顱沒(méi)有血液流通時(shí)只有5分鐘存活時(shí)間。而羅伯特醫(yī)生發(fā)現(xiàn)了，將頭顱的溫度降低，可以延長(zhǎng)頭顱的存活時(shí)間。他用猴子做實(shí)驗(yàn)，并且獲得了巨大的成功。

1.A細(xì)節(jié)題：文章第一段提到It is difficult for doctors to help a person with a damaged brain. Without enough blood, the brain lives for only three to five minutes說(shuō)明了離開血液，頭顱最多能活4分鐘，而這就是做頭顱手術(shù)最大的困難。答案選A。

2.D細(xì)節(jié)題：文章第二段提到了If it is very cold, the brain can live without blood for 30 minutes說(shuō)明將頭顱的溫度降低，它的存活時(shí)間才能增加，才使得做頭顱手術(shù)變成可能。答案選D。

3.A細(xì)節(jié)題：文章第二段提到If it is very cold, the brain can live without blood for 30 minutes.說(shuō)明了醫(yī)生認(rèn)為，頭顱冷卻狀態(tài)下能維持的時(shí)間是30分鐘，所以答案選A。

4.B細(xì)節(jié)題：文章第三段中，提到了實(shí)驗(yàn)的順序是1.The machine cooled the blood用機(jī)器. 2.Then the machine sent the blood back to the monkeys' brains.機(jī)器將血液送回猴子的大腦內(nèi)3. Dr. White stopped the blood to the brain.止住頭腦里的血液4. After their operations the monkeys were like they had been before.手術(shù)之后猴子又和以前一樣了。所以答案選B。

考點(diǎn)：考查科技類短文閱讀。