13.Acid rain is a very serious environmental threat faced by our planet today.Millions of people get affected by it on a daily basis.This problem is more serious in the northern hemisphere (半球) where there's a huge growth in the number of industries.Winds absorb more and more quantities of harmful gases produced by various kinds of industries.Acid rain occurs when high levels of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide enter in the atmosphere and start chemical transformation.These harmful gases are absorbed by water droplets in the clouds and they fall on the earth during rains.They can damage the natural soil by increasing the acidity levels and pollute rivers and lakes.Dead and weakened trees are a very common sign of acid rain,while in cities worn off or scarred buildings are also a result of acid rain.
Acid rain is actually a broad term which is used to describe different types of acid that fall from the atmosphere on earth.It's mainly divided into wet and dry.Parts of the world which experience wet weather have acid rain,acid snow and fog.Other parts which experience dry weather for most of the year experience acid gas and acid dust.
One of the main causes of acid rain is a sudden drop in the pH levels of water and that happens because of absorption of harmful gases by the atmosphere.The best way to bring back the pH balance of water is to limit the use of items which run on petrol.Instead use products which run on electricity.
Another great thing that all people can do is to learn how to drive cars efficiently.To reduce smoke emission from cars,drivers should ease up as soon as the yellow light rather than slamming on the brakes and they shouldn't rush away as soon as the lights turn green.These small practices help reduce the wastage of petrol.
Limit the use of buses or cars for small things,people can also make use of cycles or walk to cover small distances.
Another great tip which almost all of us can practice is to always keep the vehicle tyres full of air,which will provide users with a better fuel economy.
Turn off your lights,computers and other appliances when not in use.
Learn about the different sources of energy besides fossil (化石) fuels and try to use them in daily life.Many nations like France and Germany are using electrical,nuclear,wind and solar energy on large basis.
Acid Rain
ProblemAcid rain (71)affects/influences millions of people and becomes a serious environmental threat to our planet today.
Occurrence●Harmful gases (72)from industries go into the atmosphere and chemical transformation happens.
●Water droplets in the clouds that have taken in the harmful gases come to the (73)earth/ground when it rains.
Results●It damages the soil and causes water (74)pollution as well.
●It can weaken and even (75)kill/ruin/destroy trees,and will damage buildings in cities.
(76)Types/Kinds/Sorts/Categories●Wet-in the form of acid rain,acid snow and fog.
●Dry-in the form of acid gas and acid dust.
Prevention●Use more electricity than petrol.
●Drive vehicles in an (77)efficient way.
●Go to places (78)nearby on foot or by bike.
●Keep the vehicle tyres full of air all the time.
●Turn off any electrical device the moment you stop (79)using it.
●Try to (80)replace fossil fuels with other forms of energy,such as those produced from wind and the sun,wherever possible.

分析 文章主要描寫了由于現(xiàn)代工業(yè)的發(fā)展,產(chǎn)生了酸雨這一環(huán)境問題,分別描寫了這一問題的產(chǎn)生和結(jié)果,以及其種類,最后給出了幾點(diǎn)如何預(yù)防這一問題的建議.

解答 71.a(chǎn)ffects/influences,由第一段Millions of people get affected by it on a daily basis.可知酸雨這個問題影響著上百萬的人們.  
72.from,由文中Winds absorb more and more quantities of harmful gases produced by various kinds of industries. 可知有害氣體是來自于各種各樣的工業(yè). 
73.earth/ground,由句子These harmful gases are absorbed by water droplets in the clouds and they fall on the earth during rains. 可知吸收了有害氣體的云層下雨時就把水滴降到土地上. 
74.pollution,由句子They can damage the natural soil by increasing the acidity levels and pollute rivers and lakes. 可知酸雨會破壞自然土地和污染河流,也就是造成水污染. 
75.kill/ruin/destroy,由句子Dead and weakened trees are a very common sign of acid rain,可知酸雨也會毀壞樹木.
76.Types/Kinds/Sorts/Categories,由文章第二段可知酸雨包括了潮濕的和干燥的兩個方面,因此這個小標(biāo)題可以是酸雨的種類或類型,故答案為Types/Kinds/Sorts/Categories. 
77.efficient,由句子Another great thing that all people can do is to learn how to drive cars efficiently. 可知要有效地使用開車資源.  
78.nearby,由句子people can also make use of cycles or walk to cover small distances. 可知短距離的地方人們可以騎自行車或走路過去.   
79.using,由句子Turn off your lights,computers and other appliances when not in use. 可知當(dāng)沒有使用燈,電腦或其他應(yīng)用時就關(guān)掉. 
80.replace,由最后一句Many nations like France and Germany are using electrical,nuclear,wind and solar energy on large basis.可知提倡使用其他能源來代替化石燃料.

點(diǎn)評 在做表格閱讀時,首先需要快速的瀏覽全文,把握文章的主旨大意;其次要學(xué)會帶著問題到文中相應(yīng)的地方,通過細(xì)節(jié)閱讀來尋找或概括答案;最后理清作者的寫作思路也非常重要;做此類題時,要多注意一些關(guān)鍵詞的提取,以及結(jié)構(gòu)上的搭配.

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