Question

【題目】Edmund Halley was an English scientist who lived over 200 years ago. He studied the observations of comets (彗星) which other scientists had made. The orbit（軌道）of one particular comet was a very difficult mathematical problem. He could not figure it out. Neither could other scientists who dealt with such problems.

However, Halley had a friend named Isaac Newton, who was a brilliant mathematician. Newton thought he had already worked out that problem, but he could not find the papers on which he had done it. He told Halley that the orbit of a comet had the shape of an ellipse(橢圓形).

Now Halley set to work. He figured out(解決，計(jì)算出)the orbits of some of the comets that had been observed by scientists. He made a surprising discovery. The comets that had appeared in the years 1531, 1607, and 1682 all had the same orbit. Yet their appearance had been 75 to 76 years apart.

This seemed very strange to Halley. Three different comets followed the same orbit. The more Halley thought about it, the more he thought that there had not been three different comets as people thought. He decided that they had simply seen the same comet three times. The comet had gone away and had come back again.

It was an astonishing idea! Halley felt certain to make a prediction(預(yù)言)of what would happen in the future. He decided that this would appear in the year 1758. There were 53 years to go before Halley’s prediction could be tested. In 1758 the comet appeared in the sky. Halley did not see it, for he had died some years before. Ever since then that comet had been called Halley’s comet, in his honor.

【1】Edmund Halley figured out the orbit of ____.

A. some different comets appearing several times

B. the same comet appearing at different times

C. three different comets appearing at the same time

D. several comets appearing at the same time

【2】Halley made his discovery ____.

A. by doing experiments

B. by means of his own careful observation

C. by using the working of other scientists

D. by chance

【3】Halley made a surprising, but correct prediction in the year____.

A. 1704 B. 1705 C. 1706 D. 1707

【4】This passage in general is about ____.

A. Halley and other scientists B. the orbit of a comet

C. Newton and Halley D. Halley and his discovery

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】C

【3】B

【4】D

【解析】

試題分析：文章介紹了哈雷和他的發(fā)現(xiàn)哈雷彗星，以及發(fā)現(xiàn)驗(yàn)證哈雷彗星的過(guò)程。

【1】B推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的第四段“He decided that they had simply seen the same comet three times”及上文提到的看彗星的時(shí)間分別是1531年、1607年、1682年可判斷正確答案為B。

【2】C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句 “He studied the observations of comets which other scientists had made.” 可知哈雷的發(fā)現(xiàn)是在研究其他科學(xué)家們的觀察中得出來(lái)的。故選C.

【3】B推理計(jì)算題。文中第五段的“He decided that this would appear in the year 1758.There were 53 years to go before Halley's prediction could be tested”這句話告訴我們：他預(yù)言彗星出現(xiàn)的時(shí)間是1758年，而這個(gè)預(yù)言還要經(jīng)過(guò)53年才能驗(yàn)證，由此可以推斷出哈雷做出這個(gè)預(yù)言的時(shí)間是1705年。故選B.

【4】D主旨大意題。縱觀全文可知文章的中心就是哈雷以及他的發(fā)現(xiàn)哈雷彗星，故選D.