Question

4．Smoking is the single worst thing you can do for your health．Fortunately，it's never too late to get the benefits of quitting．If you've tried to quit before and failed，it's time to make up your mind and try again．
Smoking is responsible for one of every five deaths．That includes 29% of all cancer deaths，87% of all lung cancer deaths，and nearly 20% of all deaths from cardiovascular disease．But long before smoking kills you，it ages you．You can see for yourself that smoking accelerates the drying and wrinkling of the skin．But there are less obvious effects as well．Indeed，smoking takes years away from your life．Nearly half of all chronic smokers die an average of 20 to 25 years before their time．
Besides an early death from cancer or heart disease，smoking can cause lung disorders．People who smoke over a pack a day have almost three times the risk of contracting pneumonia（肺炎） than that of nonsmokers．By lowering levels of estrogen（雌激素）in men and women，smoking speeds bone less．If a woman smokes a pack of cigarettes every day，she will enter menopause（更年期）with 5 to 10% less bone mass than a nonsmoker．
The good news is that no matter what your age is or how long you've smoked，you'll live longer if you quit today．The Coronary Artery Surgery Study examined nearly 2，000 long-term smokers over age 54．Those who quit had significantly lower death rates six years later than those who didn't．Even the oldest ex-smokers had a higher survival rate．
Not only will live longer if you quit，you'll feel better，breathe easier，and find that you have more energy．You'll have fewer respiratory infections，headaches，and stomachaches．What's more，you'll save money．Your clothes and breath won't smell unpleasant any longer．And your habit won't annoy-or threaten the health of-the people who live and work with you．

54．What is the passage mainly about？C
A．The ways of quitting smoking．
B．The harm of smoking to people．
C．The benefits of quitting smoking．
D．The relationships between smoking and diseases．
55．According to the passage，the percentage of deaths due to smoking isA
A.20%   B.25%   C.29%   D.87%
56．All of the following methods are used in the passage EXCEPTB
A．giving exmples   B．mentioning famous sayings
C．comparing       D．listing numbers
57．What do we know from the Coronary Artery Surgery Study？D
A．It examined about 2，000 smokers who all quit smoking finally．
B．Quitting smoking is easier said than done
C．Long-term smokers should quit smoking gradually
D．Quitting smoking always has a good effect on people's health．

Answer 1

分析 本文主要講述了戒煙的好處．吸煙對健康有害，它可能會導致癌癥、心臟病的早期死亡和肺部疾病，所以我們應該戒煙．無論你的年齡多大或抽了多久的煙，現(xiàn)在戒掉都不算太晚．研究表明，戒煙能明顯降低死亡率． 更重要的是，你將會感覺更好，呼吸更加通暢，頭痛之類的毛病也會隨之減少，這樣就有可能延長你的壽命．而且，戒煙還可以節(jié)省錢，你的身體也不會再散發(fā)出煙味了．

解答 54．C 內容歸納題．本文主要講述了戒煙的好處．例如戒煙能降低死亡率，延長人的壽命等等．故選C．
55．A 細節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第二段Smoking is responsible for one of every five deaths．可知吸煙導致的死亡概率是1/5，即死亡率是20%．故選A．
56．B 理解判斷題．根據(jù)第二、三段可知作者通過舉例子和列數(shù)據(jù)說明了吸煙的壞處--提高死亡率．所以選項A、D正確；根據(jù)第三段People who smoke over a pack a day have almost three times the risk of contracting pneumonia（肺炎） than that of nonsmokers．可知作者通過對比說明了吸煙者感染疾病的風險是不吸煙者的三倍．所以選項D正確；本文中并未提及名人名言，所以選項B錯誤．故選B．
57．D 理解判斷題．根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段The Coronary Artery Surgery Study examined nearly 2，000 long-term smokers over age 54．Those who quit had significantly lower death rates six years later than those who didn't．Even the oldest ex-smokers had a higher survival rate．可知研究結果顯示，戒煙能明顯降低死亡率．由此推知，戒煙對人體健康有好處．故選D．

點評 本文考察學生的理解推斷能力，抓住文章的關鍵詞，采用尋讀的方法查找細節(jié)，能根據(jù)已知的結果推測導致結果的可能原因．