The number of accidents involving pedestrians (行人) wearing headphones is on the rise , a report suggests, causing fresh warning from road safety groups in Britain .
A US-based study found a total of 116 reports of death or injury to pedestrians wearing headphones between 2004 and 2011 , jumping from 16 in 2005 to 47 in 2011 .
Most victims were men (68%) and under the age of 30 (67%) , with around one in ten of all cases (9%) under the age of 18 .Some 89% of the cases occurred in urban areas and more than half (55%) of the victims were struck by trains .
Eighty-one of the 116 accidents (70%) resulted in the person’s death--- even though a warning was sounded in around a third of the cases .
The study concluded , “ The use of headphone may be a safety risk to pedestrians , especially in environments with moving vehicles（cars） . Further research is needed to determine if and how headphone use threatens pedestrian safety .” British road safety groups warned pedestrians to be careful.
Floor Lieshout , director of Youth For Road Safety , said, “ This study shows once more the importance of using all of our senses while we are near traffic . It is important that we find an attractive way to make youth learn about the risks of wearing headphones in traffic .”
Andrew Howard , who is the head of road safety at the Automobile Association , added that some pedestrians can be “so focused in their own little world they forget the world going on around them”.That can include headphone wearers , Howard said, but also people talking on phones.
However , Howard said that more researches needed to be done.
Earlier studies have shown that people wearing headphones or talking on phones can suffer “inattentional blindness” which makes them isolated (孤立) from the world around them .
Ian Harvey , at the charity Civic Voice , said that “ to defeat isolation and to help build a civic(文明的) society , people need to interact(交往) with each other .
He said , “ A basis for any civilized society is communication--- Surfing the web , listening to MP3s , reading blogs or sending e-mail is not interacting with a person; it’s interacting with a machine.
“If people feel socially isolated , they need to have more face-to-face interactions with other human beings and in time , will begin to feel happier and more connected to the world and place they live in .”
1.What does the text mainly discuss ?
A. Recent research on the risks to pedestrians
B. Safety problems caused by wearing headphones.
C. The advantages and disadvantages of headphones
D. Traffic accidents in the United States
2.We can learn from the Us-bases study that _________ .
A. most victims died in the accidents
B. most accidents were caused by cars
C. most accidents happened in the countryside
D. most victims are under eighteen
3.Howard will probably agree that ____________ .
A. it is safe if you wear headphones in a proper way
B. people wearing headphones are more likely to go blind
C. most people wear headphones because of loneliness
D. it is dangerous to talk on phones while walking
4.What Lan Harvey said shows the importance of ___________ .
A. beating isolation B. communication between people
C. building a civilized society D. new technologies
1.B
2.A
3.D
4.B
【解析】
試題分析：通過調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)戴耳機的行人在路上發(fā)生意外的人數(shù)在逐年增加，在被調(diào)查的人群中約68%男士，約67%是30歲以下的人，因此專家呼吁人們在交通行駛中要集中注意力，以免造成意外。此外專家還提醒人們要走出虛擬的世界，多和現(xiàn)實中的人們交流。
1.B主旨大意題。文章首段The number of accidents 。。。 causing fresh warning from road safety groups in Britain提出由于帶耳機而發(fā)生的車禍逐年增加，這引起了人們對安全問題的關(guān)注。而且下文
2.A細節(jié)理解題。從文中Eighty-one of the 116 accidents (70%) resulted in the person’s death可知發(fā)生意外的人們當中大多數(shù)會死亡，所以A選項正確。
3.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中Andrew Howard , who i。。。，added that some pedestrians can be “so focused in their own little world they forget the world going on around them”.可知Andrew Howard也認為走路時戴耳機是危險的。所以D選項正確。
4.B 推理判斷題。由文章倒數(shù)第三段Ian Harvey 的話 “ to defeat isolation and to help build a civic(文明的) society , people need to interact(交往) with each other .可知他認為人們之間的交流很重要，所以B選項正確。
考點：考查社會生活類短文閱讀。
科目：高中英語 來源：2013屆浙江省紹興一中高三回頭考試英語試卷（帶解析） 題型：完型填空
Everyone in business has been told that success is all about attracting and retaining(留住) customers. It sounds simple and achievable. But, 41 , words of wisdom are soon forgotten. Once companies have attracted customers they often 42 the second half of the story. In the excitement of beating off the competition, negotiating prices, securing orders, and delivering the product, managers 43 become carried away. They forget what they regard as the boring side of business--- 44 that the customer remains a customer.
45 to concentrate on retaining as well as attracting customers costs business huge amounts of money annually. It has been estimated that the 46 company loses between 10 and 30 percent of its customers every year. In constantly changing 47 , this is not surprising. What is surprising is the fact that few companies have any idea how many customers they have lost.
Only now are organizations beginning to wake up to these lost opportunities and calculate the 48 implications. 49 the number of customers a company loses can make a big 50 in its performance. Research in the US found that a five percent decrease in the number of defecting(流失的) customers led to 51 increases of between 25 and 85 percent.
In the US, Domino’s Pizza estimates that a regular customer is 52 more than five thousand dollars over ten years. A customer who receives a poor quality product or 53 on their first visit and 54 never returns, is losing the company thousands of dollars in 55 profits (more if you consider how many people they are likely to tell about their bad experience).
The logic behind cultivating customer 56 is impossible to deny. “In practice most companies’ marketing effort is focused on getting customers, with little attention paid to 57 them”, says Adrian Payne of Cornfield University’s School of Management. “Research suggests that there is a close relationship between retaining customers and making profits. 58 customers tend to buy more, are predictable and usually cost less to service than new customers. Furthermore, they tend to be less price 59 , and may provide free word-of-mouth advertising. Retaining customers also makes it 60 for competitors to enter a market or increase their share of a market.”
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ar near one of these signs, a policeman may come and write down the number of his car. 
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Come prepared: When you arrive at a race, your bike should be in race-ready condition.
Chain Management: Chain damage is still the number one problem with mountain bikes. Keeping your chain clean and well-oiled will help, as will frequent chain replacement. Periodic inspection of your chain for wear, stretch and damage may save you a long walk home.
Packing Tape: This can be used for rims trips, boots for fractured tires and a dozen more makeshift repairs. If you've flown to the race, it also saves you from having to borrow tape to close up your bike box for the flight home. Other musts: safety pins and plastic zip ties.
Pre-race: Visual inspections before any serious off-road ride, carefully examine the area where the tire hooks onto the rim and remove any foreign objects which could cause premature（比預期早的）tire wear.
Tire Pressure: Check tire pressure before race start. The recommended pressure is noted on the tire sidewall, usually 40 lbs., many racers run 50 lbs., or more for less rolling resistance.
Be Self-Contained: Make sure you are self-contained. Bring your own drinking water, food and first aid kit. Also have tools, spare parts, tubes, quick fills and a chain tool. Never suppose you can just borrow these items from a friend.
Post-race Visual Inspections: Inspect your bike after completing each event, especially before competing in a downhill event. Re-inspect before packing your bike for the trip home.
Have Fun!
73. This passage is written for those who _______.
A. go in for outdoor activities B. love cycling in other places
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74. The writer seems to advise the racers ________.
A. not to replace chain frequently B. not to take an extra chain
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75 The passage is organized in order of _______.
A. importance B. time C. readers' interest D. place
76. From the passage we can safely say that _______.
A. a foreign tire is a guarantee for the cyclist to win the race
B. the biggest trouble for the race is that nobody will help you
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E
A United Nations report says the number of people in the world is expected to reach 6500 million this July. By the middle of the century, the population could reach more than 9000 million. That would be an increase of 40﹪.
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The report says birth rates remain low in forty-four developed countries.
Today, worldwide, there is an average of two-point-six children per woman. This number is expected to fall to just over two children per woman in 2050. But U.N. population experts note that they cannot be sure which way birth rates will go in the future.
The U.N. report also notes that AIDS has increased death rates and slowed population growth in sixty countries. The area most affected by the disease is Southern Africa.
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67. Which of the following statements is true?
A. The population growth will slow down in the next few years.
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C. There is an average of 2.6 children per woman in developed countries.
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A. AIDS slowed population growth.
B. Most population growth will take place in less developed countries.
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D. UN world population report.
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A. The birth rate in developed countries is too high.
B. The birth rate in developing countries is too high.
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| A．a(chǎn)re keeping practicing for health |
| B．have no cars of their own |
| C．a(chǎn)re complaining there are not enough buses |
| D．a(chǎn)re trying to settle the problem of air pollution |
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| C．fewer buses or cars should be used |
| D．the number of special lanes should be decreased |
| A．they will make cars and buses run slowly |
| B．they will make it easier for bike riders to go to parks |
| C．they will make the city more beautiful |
| D．they will prevent accidents |
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