Seasonal influenza is characterized by a sudden fever, cough, headache, muscle and joint pain, sore throat and runny nose. Most people recover from fever and 1symptoms within a week without requiring medical attention. But influenza can2severe illness or death in people at high risk. The time from infection to illness is about two days.
Yearly influenza epidemics can3affect all age groups, but the highest risk of complications occur among children younger than age two, adults age 65 or older, and people of4age with certain medical conditions, such as chronic heart, lung, kidney, liver, blood or metabolic diseases, or weakened immune systems.
Seasonal influenza5easily and can sweep through schools, nursing homes or businesses and towns. When an6person coughs, infected droplets get into the air and another person can breathe them7and be exposed. The virus can also be spread by hands infected with the virus.8transmission, people should cover their mouth and nose with a tissue when coughing, and9their hands regularly.
Drugs for influenza are 10in some countries and effectively prevent and treat the illness. Some influenza viruses develop 11to the antiviral medicines, limiting the effectiveness of treatment.
Influenza epidemics occur12during autumn and winter in temperate regions. Illnesses result in hospitalizations and deaths mainly among high-risk groups. Worldwide, these annual epidemics result in about three to five million13of severe illness, and about 250 000 to 500 000 deaths.
Influenza can cause serious public health and economic problems. In14countries, epidemics can result in high levels of worker absenteeism and productivity15.16most people recover from a bout(輪) of influenza, there are large numbers of people who need hospital treatment and many17die from the disease every year.18is known about the effects of influenza epidemics in developing countries.
The most19way to prevent the disease or severe outcomes from the illness is vaccination. Vaccination is especially important for people at higher risk of serious influenza complications, and for people who live with or care20high risk individuals.

  1. 1.
    1. A.
      its
    2. B.
      it’s
    3. C.
      all
    4. D.
      other
  2. 2.
    1. A.
      cause
    2. B.
      lead
    3. C.
      result
    4. D.
      bring
  3. 3.
    1. A.
      lightly
    2. B.
      slightly
    3. C.
      seriously
    4. D.
      heavily
  4. 4.
    1. A.
      all
    2. B.
      any
    3. C.
      no
    4. D.
      both
  5. 5.
    1. A.
      goes
    2. B.
      spreads
    3. C.
      comes
    4. D.
      happens
  6. 6.
    1. A.
      to infect
    2. B.
      infecting
    3. C.
      infected
    4. D.
      infect
  7. 7.
    1. A.
      off
    2. B.
      away
    3. C.
      out
    4. D.
      in
  8. 8.
    1. A.
      To prevent
    2. B.
      To protect
    3. C.
      To prepare
    4. D.
      To prefect
  9. 9.
    1. A.
      wash
    2. B.
      washing
    3. C.
      to wash
    4. D.
      washed
  10. 10.
    1. A.
      free
    2. B.
      available
    3. C.
      useful
    4. D.
      helpful
  11. 11.
    1. A.
      assistance
    2. B.
      resistance
    3. C.
      consistence
    4. D.
      preference
  12. 12.
    1. A.
      monthly
    2. B.
      weekly
    3. C.
      daily
    4. D.
      yearly
  13. 13.
    1. A.
      pieces
    2. B.
      states
    3. C.
      conditions
    4. D.
      cases
  14. 14.
    1. A.
      developed
    2. B.
      developing
    3. C.
      big
    4. D.
      small
  15. 15.
    1. A.
      lose
    2. B.
      losses
    3. C.
      loose
    4. D.
      lost
  16. 16.
    1. A.
      For
    2. B.
      Because
    3. C.
      While
    4. D.
      Whether
  17. 17.
    1. A.
      /
    2. B.
      which
    3. C.
      do
    4. D.
      who
  18. 18.
    1. A.
      Little
    2. B.
      Much
    3. C.
      Few
    4. D.
      Lot
  19. 19.
    1. A.
      affective
    2. B.
      effective
    3. C.
      attractive
    4. D.
      aggressive
  20. 20.
    1. A.
      about
    2. B.
      of
    3. C.
      for
    4. D.
      to
DACBB CDAAB BDDAB CDABC
本文主要論述的季節(jié)流行性感冒基本知識:癥狀,感染人群,傳播方式,治療和疫苗。做題時應該根據(jù)日常生活中對流感的基本常識,來確定答案。
1. D 根據(jù)前一句說的流感的特點,其中就有“fever”,“發(fā)燒”只是患流行感冒的一個癥狀,此空是說還有“別的”癥狀,AC項分別表示“它的”“所有的”,B項是it is或者it was或者it has的縮寫,故此空填“other”:別的。
2. A 有上下文兩句的句意:大多數(shù)人在一個周之內(nèi)無需藥物治療就可以從流感中恢復健康,但是(語意發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)折)流感也能導致嚴重病變或者有高的致死風險。此題中的lead, result, bring只有分別帶上to, in,和about之后才能表示“導致”之意。
3. C 詞句的語意是:雖然季節(jié)流感可能會嚴重影響各個年齡群體的人,但是高風險的復雜病情常常出現(xiàn)在兩歲以下的嬰幼兒,65歲以上的老年人或者任何年齡層的患有某種病癥的人身上。從倒數(shù)第二段和倒數(shù)第三段中,我們得知:流行感冒導致病人住院治療,大約三到五百萬人嚴重患病,還大量病人死亡,再者也導致了公共健康問題和經(jīng)濟問題。故這兒用“seriously”:嚴重地。
4. B 考查形容詞的詞義和在文中的意思。有上一題的分析,此空表示“任何”年齡層的人的意思。All表示“所有”。這樣一來age得用復數(shù)。Both表示“兩者都”,no表示“沒有”,ACD項明顯都不合適。故用“any”:任何。
5. B 這兒考查是動詞詞義的辨析。流行感冒是一種傳染病,容易傳播,敘述的是流行感冒所具有的容易傳播的特點,故用“傳播”spreads.最容易讓學生上當?shù)氖茿D兩項。Go往往用來表示“進行”;happen表示“偶然發(fā)生”;come表是“來”,故B項最合適。
6.C 此處考查的是非謂語動詞的含義和用法。此段落論述的是流行感冒的傳播,有常識我們知道:已經(jīng)感染的人咳嗽、打噴嚏之后,感染的顆粒就進入到了空氣里。此處填過去分詞infected,意思就是:感染過的,受感染的。
7. D 由上一句的解釋可知:感染的顆粒就進入到了空氣里,另外的人把它呼“進”去,就容易感染流行感冒。這四個副詞當中只有in表示“進去”,off和away表示“遠離”,out表示“向外”。故用D項。
8. A 這一句的語境是:為了防止傳染,人們咳嗽的時候應該用紙巾蓋著嘴和鼻子,并且經(jīng)常洗手。此處用不定式表示目的。BCD項分別依次表示:為了保護……,為了準備……,為了完善……,語境和語言邏輯方面顯得都不合適。故選擇A項。
9. A 根據(jù)上一題的解釋,結(jié)合該詞所咋的句子的結(jié)構:people是這一句的主語,cover和wash是這一句的謂語動詞。所以選擇A項。
10. B 有這一句的語境:在一些國家有針對流行感冒的藥可以使用,并且能夠有效地預防和治療這種流行病。A項free 是“空閑的,空余的”,CD兩項useful是“有用的”,helpful是“有幫助的”邏輯上不搭配。故選擇B項。
11. B 此題有一定得的難度,就看平時記單詞的準確性和牢固性。Assistance:幫助,resistance: 抵抗,consistence:穩(wěn)定,結(jié)實,preference:偏愛,偏好。語境是:有些流行感冒病毒具有抗藥性,結(jié)果限制了治療的有效性。故選擇B項。
12. D 有常識我們知道流行感冒有季節(jié)性,但這四個詞中就數(shù)D項合適了。意思是:每年的秋冬季節(jié)一些溫帶地區(qū)發(fā)生流行感冒。
13. D 有這一句的語境:每年這種流行病導致全世界三到五百萬的嚴重病例,還有大量的病人死亡。這四個詞中只有cases意思是“病例”。
14. A 此題考查上下文之間的邏輯照應。這一段從兩個方面來論述流行感冒所引起的問題。一是,在發(fā)達國家,二是在發(fā)展中國家。做此題時,學生應該根據(jù)這一段下文最后一句中的developing來確定。BCD項的意思分別是:發(fā)展中的,大的,小的,它們所表示的意思與句意跟邏輯都不對應,故A項最合適。
15. B 此題考查的是單詞的詞義及詞性。此處需要的是名詞,因為losses和absenteeism兩詞都做介詞of的賓語,故是名詞,而lose,“失去”,是動詞;loose,“松散的”,是形容詞;lost,“迷失的”,是形容詞。Loss是名詞,意思是:損失。故B項合適。
16. C 此題考查對連詞的邏輯關系的理解。語境是:雖然大多數(shù)人經(jīng)過一輪的流行感冒之后恢復正常,但是每年都有很多人需要住院治療,也有很多人死于這種疾病。故用C項,while此時是“雖然”之意。
17. D 此題表面上是考查定語從句的,而實質(zhì)上也考查句子結(jié)構。此句的主干結(jié)構是:there are large numbers of people…… and many…… every year., 而who need hospital treatment和     die from the disease都是定語從句,先行詞都是people,只不過many是代詞,代指many people,第二個定語從句有缺少主語,故用D項。
18. A 此題的解題關鍵在于對整段邏輯關系的梳理。前文說:流行感冒在發(fā)達國家造成了很多損失,這兒是拿流行感冒在發(fā)達國家造成的影響與在發(fā)展中國家相比較,因此,合乎邏輯的表達就是:然而流行感冒在發(fā)展中國家造成的影響,人們知之甚少。故用A項
19. B 此題的語境是:預防這種疾病和它帶來的嚴重后果的有效方法是注射疫苗。此處應是形容詞修飾名詞way。affective:adj.感動的,感情的;effective: adj. 有效的,有影響的;attractive:誘人的;aggressive:有進取心的,語意上不符合邏輯。故用B項。
20. C 此題考查的動詞短語的意思。care about: 介意,關心; care for:喜歡,照顧。故用C項。
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