The long, lonely voyage of the Japanese ghost ship is over.
A US Coast Guard cutter poured cannon fire(開炮) into an abandoned Japanese ghost ship that had been floating since last year’s tsunami, sinking the ship into waters more than 305 meters deep in the Gulf of Alaska and removing the danger it created to shipping and the coastline on Thursday.
The cutter’s guns tore holes in the 164-foot Ryou-Un Maru, and then it began to take on water and lean to one side. In about four hours, the ship disappeared into the sea, said Chief Petty Officer Kip Wadlow.
The ship had no lights or communications system, and its tank was able to carry more than 7,570 liters of diesel fuel. Officials, however, didn’t know exactly how much fuel was aboard.
“It’s less risky than it would be running into shore or running into other ships,” coast guard spokesman Paul Webb said.
The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the Environmental Protection Agency studied the problem and decided it was safer to sink the ship than let the fuel evaporate and pollute the sea environment.
Ryou-Un Maru was probably among the first wave of the 1.5 million tons of garbage of refrigerators, washing machines, televisions, roofs and fishing nets heading toward North America since last March when a magnitude 9.0 earthquake struck Japan.
As the coast guard was ready to fire on the ship, a Canadian fishing ship, the 19-meter Bernice C, claimed the rights to save the ghost ship in international waters.
Plans to sink it were paused so the Canadian crew could have a chance to take the stricken ship. A Canadian official with knowledge of the situation told the Associated Press that the Bernice C was unable to drag it.
Then the Canadian boat left, and once it was about 10 kilometers from the Japanese ship, the Coast Guard began to fire, first with 25 mm shells, then a few hours later with ammunition twice that size.
State officials have been working to test the danger of garbage including materials affected by a damaged nuclear power plant, to see if Alaska residents, seafood or wild animals could be affected.
1.Which of the following is NOT the reason for sinking the Japanese ship?
A．It had no lights or communications system. B．It might be washed up onto the shore.
C．It was a danger to other passing ships. D．The oil it carried could pollute the sea.
2.The plan to fire on the Japanese ghost ship was paused because ________.
A．the ghost ship was beyond the reach of the Coast Guard’s guns
B．the shells were not powerful enough to sink the ghost ship
C．state officials worried the ghost ship might give out radiation
D．a(chǎn) Canadian fishing boat wanted to save the ghost ship
3. Which of the following could be the best title for the passage?
A．Japanese ghost ship arriving at US B．Tsunami garbage heading to US
C．Cannon fire sinking Japanese ghost ship D．Japanese ghost ship polluting the Pacific
1.A
2.D
3.C
【解析】
試題分析：本文敘述了一艘廢棄日本的ghost船被炮火擊沉，文中提到了擊沉的幾個原因，一是它可能會被沖到海岸帶來危險。二是它對來往的船帶來危險。三是它的燃料會給海洋帶來嚴(yán)重的污染。
1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)It’s less risky than it would be running into shore or running into other ships和it was safer to sink the ship than let the fuel evaporate and pollute the sea environment.故選A。
2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)As the coast guard was ready to fire on the ship, a Canadian fishing ship, the 19-meter Bernice C, claimed the rights to save the ghost ship in international waters.一艘加拿大漁船想要救它，故選D。
3.標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)The long, lonely voyage of the Japanese ghost ship is over.
A US Coast Guard cutter poured cannon fire(開炮) into an abandoned Japanese ghost ship 故選C。
考點：新聞類短文閱讀。
點評：標(biāo)題是文章中心思想的精煉表達(dá)，多為詞組或短語，涵蓋性強(qiáng)。做這類題目時，要在閱讀全文的基礎(chǔ)上，以文章話題為核心，通過比較選項的概括性或 覆蓋面，得出正確的標(biāo)題。正確標(biāo)題的歸納范圍要恰如其分，避免過于具體或斷章取義。錯誤的干擾往往是局部信息，以事實細(xì)節(jié)替代概括大意。
科目：高中英語 來源：山西省2010屆高三5月末考試試題 題型：閱讀理解
“Humans should not try to avoid stress any more than they would shun food, love or exercise.” said Dr. Hans Selye, the first physician to document the effects of stress on the body. While here’s no question that continuous stress is harmful, several studies suggest that challenging situations in which you’re able to rise to the occasion can be good for you.
In a 2001 study of 158 hospital nurses, those who faced considerable work demands but coped with（設(shè)法處理） the challenge were more likely to say they were in good health than those who felt they couldn’t get the job done.
Stress that you can manage may also boost immune(免疫的) function. In a study at the Academic Center for Dentistry in Amsterdam, researchers put volunteers through two stressful experiences. In the first, a timed task that required memorizing a list followed by a short test, subjects believed they had control over the outcome. In the second, they weren’t in control: They had to sit through a gory(血淋淋的) video on surgical procedures. Those who did go on the memory test had an increase in levels of immunoglobulin A, an antibody that's the body’s first line of defense against germs. The video-watchers experienced a downturn in the antibody.
Stress prompts the body to produce certain stress hormones（荷爾蒙）. In short bursts these hormones have a positive effect, including improved memory function. “They can help nerve cells handle information and put it into storage,” says Dr. Bruce McEwen of Rockefeller University in New York. But in the long run these hormones can have a harmful effect on the body and brain.
“Sustained stress is not good for you,” says Richard Morimoto, a researcher at Northwestern University in Illinois studying the effects of stress on longevity(長壽), “It’s the occasional burst of stress or brief exposure to stress that could be protective.”
1.The passage is mainly about ________.
A. the benefits of manageable stress
B. how to avoid stressful situations
C. how to cope with stress effectively
D. the effects of stress hormones on memory
2. The underlined word “shun” (Line 1, Para.1) most probably means________.
A. cut down on
B. stay away from
C. run out of
D. put up with
3. We can conclude from the study of the 158 nurses in 2001 that ________.
A. people under stress tend to have a poor memory
B. people who can’t get their job done experience more stress
C. doing challenging work may be good for one’s health
D. stress will weaken the body’s defense against germs
4.Dr. Bruce McEwen of Rockefeller University believes that ________.
A. a person’s memory is determined by the level of hormones in his body
B. stress hormones have lasting positive effects on the brain
C. short bursts of stress hormones enhance memory function
D. a person’s memory improves with continued experience of stress
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科目：高中英語 來源：2011陜西師大附中西工大附中高三第六次適應(yīng)性訓(xùn)練英語試題 題型：閱讀理解
For thousands of years, the most important two buildings in any British village have been the church and the pub. Traditionally, the church and the pub are at the heart of any village or town, where the people gather together to socialize and exchange news.
As a result, British pubs are often old and well preserved. Many of them have become historic sites. The most famous example is the pub in the city of Nottingham called “Ye Olde Trip to Jerusalem”, which dates back to the year 1189 AD and is probably the oldest pub in England.
However, British pubs are not just for kings and queens; they welcome people from all classes and parts of society. On a cold night, the pub’s landlord or landlady can always find a warm place for you by the fire. There is always honest and hearty food and plenty of drink available at an affordable price.
That’s how things used to be. Things are beginning to change. It is said that the credit crunch(信貸緊縮) is causing 39 British pubs a week to go out of business. People do not have enough spare money to spend on beer. Recently, the UK government banned smoking in all pubs, and that may also have affected the number of customers going to pubs.
This decline is happening despite the fact that in 2005 the UK government started to allow pubs to stay open after 1l pm. Previously, with 1l pm as closing time, customers would have to drink quite quickly, meaning they sometimes got more drunk than they would if allowed to drink slowly. The British habit of drinking a lot very quickly is known as “binge drinking”, and it causes long-term health problems for people and problems with violent crime for communities.
In order to save their businesses, pubs are trying to change with the market. British pubs now offer something for everyone. A lot of pubs used to be “Working Men's Clubs”, meaning that women could not usually enter. Today, however, women can freely enter 99% of pubs without experiencing any problems. Perhaps things are changing for the better after all.
1.. The passage mainly tells us something about
A. the past and present of British pubs B. the decline of British pubs
C. the long history of British pubs D. the importance of British pubs
2.. Which may not be the cause of the decline of British pubs?
A. The credit crunch. B. The present closing time.
C. The ban of smoking. D. Having no spare money.
3... We can infer from the passage that
A. British people used to like drinking slowly
B. closing the pubs early will reduce social problems
C. binge drinking means drinking less beer
D. British government aims to discourage people from binge drinking
4.. We can see from the last paragraph that the author ________
A. is against the admission of too many women to the pubs
B. holds an optimistic attitude towards the British pubs
C. thinks that women in the pubs will cause less social problems
D. thinks that British pubs should offer everything you need
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科目：高中英語 來源：2011福建莆田十中高三5月月考英語試題 題型：閱讀理解
Once upon a time two brothers who lived on neighbouring farms fell into conflict. It was the first serious one in 40 years of farming side by side, sharing machinery, and trading labor and goods as needed .
Then the long cooperoration fell apart. It began with a small misunderstanding and it grew into a major difference, and finally it exploded into an exchange of bitter words followed by weeks of silence.
One morning there was a knock on John's door. He opened it to find a man with a carpenter's toolbox. "I'm looking for a few days’ work" he said. "Perhaps you would have a few small jobs here and there I could help with. Could I help you?"
"Yes," said the older brother. "I do have a job for you. Look across the creek(河溝) at that farm. That's my neighbor, in fact, it's my younger brother. Last week there was a meadow（草地） between us and he took his bulldozer（推土機(jī)） to the river levee（堤） and now there is a creek between us. Well, he may have done this to spite me, but I'll go him one better. I want you to build me a fence — an 8-foot fence — so I won't need to see his place or his face any more. Cool him down , anyhow."
The carpenter said, "I think I understand the situation. I'll be able to do a job that pleases you."
The older brother had to go to town, so he helped the carpenter get the materials ready and then he was off for the day. The carpenter worked hard all that day measuring, sawing, nailing, and hammering.
About sunset when the farmer returned, the carpenter had just finished his job. The farmer's eyes opened wide, his jaw dropped.
There was no fence there at all. It was a bridge — a bridge stretching from one side of the creek to the other! A fine piece of work — and his younger brother, was coming across, his hand spread out ..
"You are quite a fellow to build this bridge after all I've said and done."
The two brothers stood at each end of the bridge, and then they met in the middle, taking each other's hand. They turned to see the carpenter lift his toolbox on his shoulder. "No, wait! Stay a few days. I've a lot of other projects for you," said the older brother.
"I'd love to stay on," the carpenter said, "but, I have many more bridges to build."
1.. What was the life for the two brothers before the conflict ?
A. They live a poor , miserable life .
B. They were friendly neighbours ,helping each other .
C. They never speak to each other .
D. They live together as one family.
2.. The underlined word “spite” in paragraph 4 probably means ______________.
A. try to please B. make angry on purpose
C. laught at D. look down upon
3...Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage ?
A. The younger brother used his bulldozer to dig a creek .
B. After the conflict John was angry with his younger brother.
C. At first the carpenter planned to build an 8-foot fence as John asked him to.
D. The two brothers made peace at last .
4.. The best title for this passage is _______________.
A. A Fine Piece of Work B. A Clever Carpenter
C. A Conflict between Two Brothers D. Two Brothers
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閱讀下列各小題，根據(jù)括號內(nèi)的漢語提示，用句末括號內(nèi)的英語單詞完成句子，并將答案寫在答題卡上的相應(yīng)題號后。
1.She (一直思考) the subject for several years. She knows now that she can make a difference. (think)
2. ( 他不管多忙), he always helps me with my English. (however)
3. The old man (肯定看不見) anyone enter the victim’s room that day . He is blind. (see)
4. Not （看完那本小說），Tom knew nothing about its tragic ending. (finish)
5. The star said he had hoped to win the Golden Horse Film Awards within 20 years, but
(使他震驚) was that his dream was being fulfilled so soon. ( shock)
6.Oh, The Geli times is coming! （據(jù)報道）, Geli, a new Chinglish word, has been shown on The New York Times as well as People’s Daily. (report)
7. To his relief，once published，his book as well as his poems (沒辜負(fù)讀者的期望).Instead they appeal to the readers . (live)
8. It is not air travel but car travel (有更加有害的影響) climate change in the long term.(influence)
9.So hard (他學(xué)習(xí)) in the past few months that he can easily pass the examination. (study)
10. Mathematical gift，musical ability or a way with words have come （被認(rèn)為是）natural talents or，biologically speaking，in our genes. （think）
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How do you feel after you've stayed up late to finish schoolwork? Or the day after a slumber party? Scientists now say that your answers to these questions may depend on your genes.
Genes are stretches of DNA that work like an instruction manual for our cells. Genes tell our bodies and brains what to do. People have about 40,000 genes, and each gene can have different forms. So, for example, certain forms of some genes make your eyes blue. Other versions of those genes make your eyes brown.
In a similar way, new research suggests that a gene called period3 affects how well you function without sleep. The discovery adds to older evidence that period3 helps determine whether you like to stay up late or get up early.
The period3 gene comes in two forms: short and long. Everyone has two copies of the gene. So, you may have two longs, two shorts, or one of each. Your particular combination depends on what your parents passed on to you.
Scientists from the University of Surrey in England studied 24 people who had either two short or two long copies of period3. Study participants had to stay awake for 40 hours straight. Then, they took tests that measured how quickly they pushed a button when numbers flashed on a screen and how well they could remember lists of numbers.
Results showed that the people with the short form of period3 performed much better on these tests than the people with the long form did. In both groups, people performed worst in the early morning. That's the time when truck drivers and other night-shift workers say they have the most trouble concentrating.
After the first round of experiments, participants were finally allowed to sleep. People in the group that performed well on the tests took about 18 minutes to nod off.
People with the long period3 gene, by contrast, fell asleep in just 8 minutes. They also spent more time in deep sleep. That suggests that people with the long form of the gene need more and deeper sleep to keep their brains working at top form.
1.We can know from the passage that genes can not ________.
|
A．tell our bodies and brains what to do |
|
B．make our eyes blue or brown |
|
C．decide how well you work without sleep |
|
D．ensure whether you’re good at driving |
2.Which of the following statements about the period3 is wrong?
|
A．It affects whether you like to stay up late or get up early. |
B．It comes in two forms: short and long. |
C．One has either two longs or two shorts of it. |
D．Your parents determine what particular combination you have. |
3. People with the short form of period3__________.
|
A．need to go to bed early and get up early |
B．can work better than the people with long form of period3 without sleep |
|
C．take less time to fall asleep after they stay up late |
|
|
D．need more and deeper sleep to keep their brains working at top form |
4.What’s the best title of the passage?
|
A．The Period3 Gene |
B．The Function of Genes |
|
C．Wake up, Sleepy Gene |
D．Stay up Late or Get up Early? |
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