Question

Do you know of anyone who uses the truth to deceive (欺騙)? When someone tells you something that is true, but leaves out important information that should be included, he can give you a false picture.

For example, some might say, “I just won a hundred dollars on the lottery (彩票). It was great. I took that dollar ticket back to the store and turned it in for one hundred dollars!”

This guy’s a winner, right? Maybe, maybe not. We then discover that he bought $200 worth of tickets, and only one was a winner. He’s really a big loser!

He didn’t say anything that was false, but he left out important information on purpose. That’s called a half-truth. Half-truths are not technically lies, but they are just as dishonest.

Some politicians often use this trick. Let’s say that during Governor Smith’s last term, her state lost one million jobs and gained three million jobs. Then she seeks another term. One of her opponents(對手) says, “During Governor Smith’s term, the state lost one million jobs!” That’s true. However, and honest statement would have been, “During Governor Smith’s term, the state had a net gain of two million jobs.”

Advertisers will sometimes use half-truths. It’s against the law to make false statements so they try to mislead you with the truth. An advertisement might say, “Nine out of ten doctors advised their patients to take Yucky Pills to cure toothache.” It fails to mention that they only asked ten doctors and nine of them work for the Yucky Company. This kind of deception happens too often. It’s a sad fact of life: Lies are lies, and sometimes the truth can lie as well.

1.How much did the lottery winner lose?

A. Two hundred dollars. B. One hundred dollars.

C. Three hundred dollars. D. Four hundred dollars.

2.We may infer that the author believes people should _______.

A. buy lottery tickets

B. make use of half-truths

C. not take anything at face value

D. not trust the Yucky Company

3.What do the underline words “net gain” in Paragraph 5 mean?

A. final increase B. big advantage

C. large share D. total saving

4.What can we know from the example of the Yucky Pill advertisement?

A. False statements are easy to see through.

B. Advertisements are based on facts.

C. Doctors like to act in advertisements.

D. Half-truths are often used to mislead people.

Answer 1

1.B

2.C

3.A

4.D

【解析】

試題分析：文章主要告訴讀者的是事實和謊言一樣，有時候也是會欺騙人的。如果把事實中的重要部分省去，剩下的部分雖然是事實，但卻帶有一定的誤導性。這也叫做半真半假的事實。廣告商常常使用半真半假的事實來誤導消費者。

1.I just won a hundred dollars on the lottery (彩票).”和第三段“he bought $200 worth of tickets”可知，男子花了200美元買彩票，但是只中了100美元，說明他損失了100美元，故選B。

2.For example...”可知，作者只是用一個買彩票的事情作為例子，作者并沒有說人們應該購買彩票，排除A；根據(jù)最后一段“Lies are lies, and sometimes the truth can lie as well”可知，謊言終究是謊言，事實有時候也會說謊，說明作者不贊成利用半真半假的事實，排除B；根據(jù)最后一段“they try to mislead you with the truth”可知，作者列舉Yucky Pills的廣告是為了說明廣告商經(jīng)常利用事實來誤導消費者，排除D，故選C。

3.her state lost one million jobs and gained three million jobs”可知，減少了一百萬個工作崗位，但增加了三百萬個工作崗位，總的來說是凈增了兩百萬個工作崗位，故選A。

4.Advertisers will sometimes use half-truths...they try to mislead you with the truth.”可知，廣告商經(jīng)常利用半真半假的事實來誤導消費者，根據(jù)“An advertisement might say, “Nine out of ten doctors advised their patients to take Yucky Pills”可知，Yucky Pills的廣告就是這樣的例子，故選D。

考點：社會類短文閱讀