Question

16．Rats are dirty，cunning and evil-in Chinese culture，at least．But a study published in early December in the journal Science suggests that rats can in fact be helpful，caring animals and can empathize（同情） with their rodent （嚙齒動(dòng)物） friends．
Researchers from the University of Chicago kept two rats together for two weeks so that they could get to know each other．After this，one of the rats was put into a small clear cage，which could be opened from the outside．The other rat was left to run freely outside the cage．
The free rat seemed worried when it saw its friend was trapped．It cireled the eat digging and biting it．After a few days it finally figured out how to open the door．It released its friend and appeared to be excited，running happily after the trapped rat．
Researchers then did the same experiment on more rats．They found that the rats learned to open the cage faster if there was another rat trapped in it than if it was empty．By the end of the experiment，only five out of the 40 rats had learned to open an empty cage．Twenty-three out of 30 rats has learned to open the cage to free another rat．
To test just how"carring"a rat could be，researchers then has the rats choose whether to"rescue"a trapped rat or a piece of chocolate．This time the rats were equally likely to free a rat as they were to free the sweets．Inbal Ben-Ami Bartal led the study．"The most shocking thing is they left some of the chocolate for the other rat，"he said．
Scientists have always known that empathy（共鳴）is not unique to humans．It has been proven that apes also feel the emotions of other apcs．However，said Jean Decety，one of the co-authors of the study，"this is the first evidence of helping behavior triggered（激發(fā)）by empathy in rats．"
49．What  is the main point of the first paragraph？B
    A．To describe how rats are viewed in Chinese culture．
    B．To introduce a new discovery about rats．
    C．To prove that people have got the wrong idea about rats．
    D．To draw people's attention to rats．
50．What did scientists discover in the experiment？D
    A．A free rat was excited when it saw another rat being trapped．
    B．Five percent of the rats learned to open an empty cage．
    C．Smart rats can learn to release another rat in a few hours．
    D．Most rats learned to open the cage to free another rat．
51．When a rat and a piece of chocolate were trapped in different cages，C．
    A．the rats outside couldn't decide which to release first
    B．more rats wanted to free their friend
    C．some of the rats even shared the chocolate with their friend
    D．the rats opened the cages faster to free the other rat than to free the chocolate
52．Which of the following statements is TURE？A
    A．This is the first time that rats have been found to have empathy．
    B．Rats are similar to human beings in many ways．
    C．More evidence might be needed to prove this idea．
    D．Scientists believe that only humans have empathy．

Answer 1

分析 本文主要介紹了科學(xué)家們的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，即老鼠并不像中國(guó)文化中所認(rèn)為的那樣骯臟，狡猾而且邪惡，實(shí)際上，它們是有益的且有愛心的動(dòng)物，對(duì)待它們的朋友也極富同情心．

解答 答案：BDCA
49．B  內(nèi)容歸納題     通讀第一段可知，本段主要介紹了發(fā)表在科學(xué)雜志上的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，即老鼠并不像中國(guó)文化中所認(rèn)為的那樣骯臟，狡猾而且邪惡，實(shí)際上，它們是有益的且有愛心的動(dòng)物，對(duì)它們的朋友也極富同情心；故選B．
50．D   細(xì)節(jié)理解題   根據(jù)第四段"By the end of the experiment，only five out of the 40 rats had learned to open an empty cage．Twenty-three out of 30 rats has learned to open the cage to free another rat．"可知，實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)：四十只老鼠中只有五只學(xué)會(huì)了打開空籠子，三十只老鼠中有二十三只學(xué)會(huì)了打開籠子來解救另一只老鼠；因此可以說：大多數(shù)老鼠都學(xué)會(huì)了打開籠子來釋放另一只老鼠；故選D．
51．C   細(xì)節(jié)理解題      根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的"This time the rats were equally likely to…The most shocking thing is they left some of the chocolate for the other rat，"可知，老鼠不僅救出了另一只老鼠以及拿出了放在籠子里的巧克力，而且還給救出的老鼠留了一些巧克力；故選C．
52．A    是非判斷題    A．這是首次發(fā)現(xiàn)老鼠具有同情心；B．老鼠在許多方面與人類相似； C．需要有更多的證據(jù)來證明這種說法； D．科學(xué)家認(rèn)為只有人類才有同理心； 根據(jù)本文的主旨大意"本文主要介紹了科學(xué)家們的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，即老鼠并不像中國(guó)文化中所認(rèn)為的那樣骯臟，狡猾而且邪惡，實(shí)際上，它們是有益的且有愛心的動(dòng)物，對(duì)它們的朋友也極富同情心．"以及最后一段中的"this is the first evidence of helping behavior triggered（激發(fā)）by empathy in rats"這是首次有證據(jù)證明老鼠的同情心可以引發(fā)一些有幫助的行為；可知只有A選項(xiàng)的表達(dá)符合文意，而B．C．D在文中都沒有提到；故選A．

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