Question

When I was fourteen, I earned money in the summer by cutting lawns（草坪）, and within a few weeks I had built up a body of customers. I got to know people by the flowers they planted that I had to remember not to cut down, by the things they lost in the grass or struck in the ground on purpose. I reached the point with most of them when I knew in advance what complaint was about to be spoken, which request was most important. And I learned something about the measure of my neighbors by their preferred method of payment: by the job, by the month—or not at all.
Mr. Ballou fell into the last category, and he always had a reason why. On one day, he had no change for a fifty, on another he was flat out of checks, on another, he was simply out when I knocked on his door. Still, except for the money apart, he was a nice enough guy, always waving or tipping his hat when he’d seen me from a distance. I figured him for a thin retirement check, maybe a work-related injury that kept him from doing his own yard work. Sure, I kept track of the total, but I didn’t worry about the amount too much. Grass was grass, and the little that Mr. Ballou’s property comprised didn’t take long to trim (修剪).
Then, one late afternoon in mid-July, the hottest time of the year, I was walking by his house and he opened the door, mentioned me to come inside. The hall was cool, shaded, and it took my eyes a minute to adjust to the dim light. 
“I owe you,” Mr Ballou said, “but…”
I thought I’d save him the trouble of thinking of a new excuse. “No problem. Don’t worry about it.”
“The bank made a mistake in my account,” he continued, ignoring my words. “It will be cleared up in a day or two. But in the meantime I thought perhaps you could choose one or two volumes for a down payment.
He gestured toward the walls and I saw that books were stacked (堆放) everywhere. It was like a library, except with no order to the arrangement.
“Take your time,” Mr. Ballou encouraged. “Read, borrow, keep, or find something you like. What do you read?”
“I don’t know.” And I didn’t. I generally read what was in front of me, what I could get from the paperback stack at the drugstore, what I found at the library, magazines, the back of cereal boxes, comics. The idea of consciously seeking out a special title was new to me, but, I realized, not without appeal--- so I started to look through the piles of books.
“You actually read all of these?”
“This isn’t much,” Mr. Ballou said. “This is nothing, just what I’ve kept, the ones worth looking at a second time.”
“Pick for me, then.”
He raised his eyebrows, cocked his head, and regarded me as though measuring me for a suit. After a moment, he nodded, searched through a stack, and handed me a dark red hardbound book, fairly thick.
“The Last of the Just,” I read. “By Andre Schwarz-Bart. What’s it about?”
“You tell me,” he said. “Next week.”
I started after supper, sitting outdoors on an uncomfortable kitchen chair. Within a few pages, the yard, the summer, disappeared, and I was plunged into the aching tragedy of the Holocaust, the extraordinary clash of good, represented by one decent man, and evil. Translated from French, the language was elegant, simple, impossible to resist. When the evening light finally failed I moved inside, read all through the night.
To this day, thirty years later, I vividly remember the experience. It was my first voluntary encounter with world literature, and I was amazed by the concentrated power a novel could contain. I lacked the vocabulary, however, to translate my feelings into words, so the next week. When Mr. Ballou asked, “Well?” I only replied, “It was good?”
“Keep it, then,” he said. “Shall I suggest another?”
I nodded, and was presented with the paperback edition of Margaret Mead’s Coming of Age in Samoa (a very important book on the study of the social and cultural development of peoples—anthropology (人類學(xué)) ).
To make two long stories short, Mr. Ballou never paid me a cent for cutting his grass that year or the next, but for fifteen years I taught anthropology at Dartmouth College. Summer reading was not the innocent entertainment I had assumed it to be, not a light-hearted, instantly forgettable escape in a hammock (吊床) (though I have since enjoyed many of those, too). A book, if it arrives before you at the right moment, in the proper season, at an internal in the daily business of things, will change the course of all that follows.
【小題1】Before his encounter with Mr. Ballou, the author used to read _____________.

A．a(chǎn)nything and everything	B．only what was given to him
C．only serious novels	D．nothing in the summer

【小題2】The author found the first book Mr. Ballou gave him _____________.

A．light-hearted and enjoyable	B．dull but well written
C．impossible to put down	D．difficult to understand

【小題3】From what he said to the author we can guess that Mr. Ballou _______________.

A．read all books twice	B．did not do much reading
C．read more books than he kept	D．preferred to read hardbound books

【小題4】The following year the author _______________.

A．started studying anthropology at college

B．continued to cut Mr. Ballou’s lawn

C．spent most of his time lazing away in a hammock

D．had forgotten what he had read the summer before

【小題5】The author’s main point is that _____________.

A．summer jobs are really good for young people

B．you should insist on being paid before you do a job

C．a(chǎn) good book can change the direction of your life

D．books are human beings’ best friends

Answer 1

【小題1】A
【小題2】C
【小題3】C
【小題4】B
【小題5】C

解析試題分析：本文通過(guò)自己為Mr. Ballou割草，對(duì)方給我書來(lái)讀，結(jié)果正是這些書讓作者的人生發(fā)生了巨大的變化，最后成為了一名大學(xué)教授。說(shuō)明了書對(duì)于人生的重大的價(jià)值和作用。
【小題1】A 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)“I don’t know.” And I didn’t. I generally read what was in front of me, what I could get from the paperback stack at the drugstore, what I found at the library, magazines, the back of cereal boxes, comics.可知我之前看到什么就讀什么，很隨意，也沒(méi)有什么特別的愛(ài)好的書。故A正確。
【小題2】C 推理題。根據(jù)I started after supper, sitting outdoors on an uncomfortable kitchen chair. Within a few pages, the yard, the summer, disappeared, and I was plunged into the aching tragedy of the Holocaust, the extraordinary clash of good, represented by one decent man, and evil. Translated from French, the language was elegant, simple, impossible to resist. When the evening light finally failed I moved inside, read all through the night.可知我對(duì)這本書愛(ài)不釋手，整天都在看，晚上也不愿意放手。說(shuō)明我非常喜歡這本書，難以放下。故C正確。
【小題3】C 推理題。根據(jù)“You actually read all of these?”
“This isn’t much,” Mr. Ballou said. “This is nothing, just what I’ve kept, the ones worth looking at a second time.”可知這些書只是Mr. Ballou收藏的書，他度過(guò)的書比這個(gè)要多得多。故C正確。
【小題4】B 推理題。根據(jù)最后一段前3行To make two long stories short, Mr. Ballou never paid me a cent for cutting his grass that year or the next, but for fifteen years I taught anthropology at Dartmouth College.可知在接下來(lái)的多年里，他一直都在為Mr. Ballou割草。故B正確。
【小題5】C 主旨大意題。本文通過(guò)自己為Mr. Ballou割草，對(duì)方給我書來(lái)讀，結(jié)果正是這些書讓作者的人生發(fā)生了巨大的變化，最后成為了一名大學(xué)教授。說(shuō)明了書對(duì)于人生的重大的價(jià)值和作用。故C正確。
考點(diǎn)：人生哲理類短文閱讀
點(diǎn)評(píng)：本文旨在說(shuō)明書籍對(duì)人生的重大作用。要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基礎(chǔ)上，做出一定判斷和推論，從而得到文章的隱含意義和深層意義。推理題所涉及的內(nèi)容可能是文中某一句話，也可是某幾句話，但做題的指導(dǎo)思想都是以文字信息為依據(jù)，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根據(jù)的推理，也不能根據(jù)表面文字信息做多步推理，要根據(jù)原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案。