Question

18．假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文．文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處．每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改．
    增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞．
    刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉．
    修改：在錯(cuò)詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞．
    注意：1．每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；
    2．只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起不計(jì)分）．
      I have been reading a book about Henry Ford．He was an eldest son of a farmer in Michigan．His father hoped he would help him on the farm，and Henry was not interested in farm work at all．He did everything he could keep away from it．Therefore，Henry was not a lazy boy．He was addicted in mechanical work．Later，Henry took a job as a mechanic，showing greatly interest in steam engines．In 1908，he had built the famous"Model T"．This car was popular that it was unchanging for twenty years．Five years after that，he started the Ford Motor Company，what made the US a nation on wheels and helped the US become what it is now．

Answer 1

分析 本文主要介紹Henry Ford．他從小就對(duì)機(jī)械感興趣．后來(lái)他接受了一份機(jī)械工工作，開(kāi)始對(duì)蒸汽機(jī)表現(xiàn)出極大的興趣．在1908，他創(chuàng)建了著名的"T型"車(chē)，這輛車(chē)在當(dāng)時(shí)非常流行，二十年不變．五年后，他開(kāi)辦福特汽車(chē)公司．

解答 I have been reading a book about Henry Ford．He was an eldest son of a farmer in Michigan．His father hoped he would help him on the farm，and Henry was not interested in farm work at all．He did everything he could∧keep away from it．Therefore，Henry was not a lazy boy．He was addicted in mechanical work．Later，Henry took a job as a mechanic，showing greatly interest in steam engines．In 1908，he had built the famous"Model T"．This car was∧popular that it was unchanging for twenty years．Five years after that，he started the Ford Motor Company，what made the US a nation on wheels and helped the US become what it is now．
詳解：
1．a(chǎn)n改為the 考查冠詞．eldest是形容詞最高級(jí)，其前加定冠詞the．
2．a(chǎn)nd改為but 考查連詞．前后兩個(gè)單句表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，而非并列關(guān)系，用連詞but．
3．加to 考查動(dòng)詞不定式．he could do是定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞everything，因主句中有did，從句中的do要省略，此處動(dòng)詞不定式表示目的，作目的狀語(yǔ)．
4．Therefore改為However 考查副詞．however表示轉(zhuǎn)折，尤其用于談及一個(gè)既成事實(shí)時(shí)，表示轉(zhuǎn)折，其意為"可是""仍然"等．可放在句首、句中或句末，通常用逗號(hào)與句子其他成分隔開(kāi)．
5．in改為to 考查介詞．be addicted to意為"沉迷于"，是固定搭配．
6．greatly改為great 考查形容詞．interest是名詞，要用形容詞修飾．
7．the改為a 考查冠詞．Model是可數(shù)名詞，單數(shù)形式前加不定冠詞a表示泛指．
8．加so 考查固定搭配．so…that…意為"如此/這么…以致于…"，句型中的so是副詞，常常用來(lái)修飾形容詞或副詞，常用句型為：主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+so+adj．/adv．+that從句．
9．unchanging改為unchanged 考查動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)態(tài)．it與unchange之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)．
10．what改為which 考查定語(yǔ)從句．分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知這是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是前面整個(gè)句子，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，用關(guān)系代詞which．

點(diǎn)評(píng) 高考短文改錯(cuò)題的形式有說(shuō)明文，短文故事，書(shū)信等，具有很強(qiáng)的實(shí)用性．短文的內(nèi)容和語(yǔ)言都符合高中學(xué)生的實(shí)際，從表面上看類(lèi)似一篇學(xué)生習(xí)作．首先，通讀全文，了解短文大意，把握全篇的時(shí)態(tài)、人稱(chēng)及行文邏輯，在通讀全文時(shí)把一些容易的錯(cuò)誤先改好，再進(jìn)行逐句改錯(cuò)．其次，要進(jìn)行逐個(gè)句子的改錯(cuò)．這是要對(duì)文中的詞法、句法和語(yǔ)篇著重分析和特別注意．最后把改好的短文再閱讀一遍，檢查答案是否正確，感覺(jué)是否還有不妥之處，最終形成定稿．