【題目】短文改錯(cuò)

Dear schoolmates,

In order to get high school students to attaching importance to the environment and improve our sense to protect the environment, and China Daily is planning to hold an interestingly knowledge contest. A contest starts on October 14th and end on 31st.Remember, you can take the contest in China Daily newspaper, that is very popular among high school student. The answer sheet must cut from the newspaper and sent to China Daily after the deadline.

Please pay more attention to the related information of the contest and take an active part in them on time.

Students' Union

【答案】

【1】attaching→attach

【2】第二行and去掉

【3】interestingly改為interesting

【4】A改為The

【5】end后面加s

【6】that改為which

【7】student后面加s

【8】must 后面加be

【9】after改為before

【10】最后一句話中them改為it

【解析】

試題分析：本文是一個(gè)通知：為提高保護(hù)環(huán)境意識，中國日報(bào)正計(jì)劃舉辦一個(gè)有趣的知識競賽。

【1】attaching改為attach考查動詞不定式。句意：為了提高引起學(xué)生對環(huán)保的注意力，get sb. to do 讓某人做某事。

【2】第二行and去掉考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)句意，中國日報(bào)計(jì)劃舉辦一場有趣的知識競賽，這是主句，故去掉and。

【3】interestingly改為interesting，考查形容詞。“an interesting knowledge contest”一場知識競賽。修飾名詞contest應(yīng)該用形容詞interesting有趣的。故將interestingly改為interesting。

【4】A改為The 考查冠詞。上文已經(jīng)提到過這場比賽，第二次提到要特指用the，故A改為The。

【5】end后面加s考查動詞的時(shí)態(tài)。and連接starts 與ends并列的。

【6】that改為which考查非限制性定語從句 which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，that沒有這個(gè)功能。

【7】student后面加S考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：在高中生中很受歡迎，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

【8】must 后面加be考查被動語態(tài)。句意：答案被裁剪下來。

【9】after改為before考查連詞。句意：答案被裁剪下來寄到中國日報(bào)，在截止日期之前。

【10】最后一句話中them改為it考查代詞。句意：請注意相關(guān)信息，積極參與。it代指這個(gè)活動。

【學(xué)法指導(dǎo)】

在短文改錯(cuò)中常出現(xiàn)的錯(cuò)誤主要有以下幾類：

1.名詞單復(fù)數(shù)用錯(cuò)，可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞的混用。比如第2句A contest starts on October 14th and end on 31st.and連接starts 與ends是并列的，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式故把end改為ends。比如第3句that is very popular among high school student在高中生中很受歡迎，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故把student改為students。

2.動詞：時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)，常出現(xiàn)在總體時(shí)態(tài)為過去或現(xiàn)在時(shí)，中間雜有不適的另一時(shí)態(tài)的現(xiàn)象；或是及物動詞后無賓語，或是不及物動詞后加了賓語；需要接ing形式的接了to，或相反等。比如第1句In order to get high school students to attaching importance to the environment考查動詞不定式。句意：為了提高引起學(xué)生對環(huán)保的注意力，get sb. to do 讓某人做某事，故把a(bǔ)ttaching改為attach。

3.形容詞副詞：常出現(xiàn)需形容詞的地方用了副詞或相反；關(guān)系副詞where，when，why等的缺失或錯(cuò)用。比如第1句China Daily is planning to hold an interestingly knowledge contest，“an interesting knowledge contest”一場知識競賽。修飾名詞contest應(yīng)該用形容詞interesting有趣的。故將interestingly改為interesting。

4.介詞：主要是介詞的多余或缺失，錯(cuò)用。

5.主謂一致性：第三人稱單數(shù)漏掉s，或主語為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動詞用了單數(shù)；再就是就近原則對主語的影響。

6.冠詞：定冠詞the的多余或缺失，如季節(jié)，月份，星期，球類及三餐活動，稱呼頭銜前等不能加the的地方加了the。冠詞a和the的誤用。比如第2句，A contest starts on October 14th and end on 31st. 句上文已經(jīng)提到過這場比賽，第二次提到要特指用the，故A改為The。

7.數(shù)詞：主要是序數(shù)詞與基數(shù)詞的混用和錯(cuò)用。

8.連詞：不符合句中的邏輯關(guān)系。如需轉(zhuǎn)折連詞(如but)的時(shí)候用了承接連詞(so)，或相反等等。比如第1句…protect the environment(這一部分是目的狀語，不是一個(gè)句子), and China Daily is planning to hold an interestingly knowledge contest.中國日報(bào)計(jì)劃舉辦一場有趣的知識競賽，這是主句，故去掉and。比如第4句The answer sheet must cut from the newspaper and sent to China Daily after the deadline.答案被裁剪下來寄到中國日報(bào)，在截止日期之前，故after改為before 。

9.代詞：主要是代詞的格與數(shù)的錯(cuò)用。如男性用了女性代詞，單數(shù)用了復(fù)數(shù)代詞或相反；應(yīng)當(dāng)用形容詞性的物主代詞用了賓格，主格或相反，關(guān)系代詞的錯(cuò)用或缺失。比如最后一句話中Please pay more attention to the related information of the contest and take an active part in them on time.句意：請注意相關(guān)信息，積極參與。it代指這個(gè)活動，用單數(shù)代詞，them改為it。

10.常用固定短語或固定用法及句型用錯(cuò)。

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