13.Be careful what you say around your dog.It might understand more than you think.
A border collie named Rico recognizes the names of about 200objects,say researchers in Germany.The dog also appears to be able to learn new words as easily as a 3-year-old child.Its word-learning skills are as good as those of a parrot or chimpanzee(黑猩猩).
In one experiment,the researchers took all 200items that Rico is supposed to know and divided them into 20groups of 10objects.Then the owner told the dog to go and fetch one of the items and bring it back.In four tests,Rico got 37out of 40commands right.As the dog couldn't see anyone to get clues,the scientists believe Rico must understand the meanings of certain words.
In another experiment,the scientists took one toy that Rico had never seen before and put it in a room with seven toys whose names the dog already knew.The owner then told Rico to fetch the object,using a word the dog had never heard before.
The correct object was chosen in seven out of l0tests,suggesting that the dog had worked out the answer by process of elimination(排除法).A month later,Rico remembered half of the new names,which is even more impressive.
Rico is thought to be smarter than the average dog.For one thing,Rico is a border collie,a breed (品種)known for its mental abilities.In addition,the 9-year-old dog has been trained to fetch toys by their names since the age of nine months.
It's hard to know if all dogs understand at least some of the words we say.Even if they do,they can't talk back.Still,it wouldn't hurt to sweet-talk your dog every now and then.You might just get a big,wet kiss in return!

72.From paragraph 2we know thatC.
A.a(chǎn)nimals are as clever as human beings
B.dogs are smarter than parrots and chimpanzees
C.chimpanzees have good word-learning skills
D.dogs have similar learning abilities as 3-year-old children
73.Both experiments show thatB.
A.Rico is smart enough to get all commands right
B.Rico can recognize different things including toys
C.Rico has developed the ability of learning mathematics
D.Rico won't forget the names of objects once recognizing them
74.Which of the following statements is true?B
A.The purpose of the experiments is to show the border collie's mental abilities.
B.Rico has a better memory partly because of its proper early training.
C.The border collie is world-famous for recognizing objects.
D.Rico is born to understand its owner's commands.
75.What does the writer want to tell us in the last paragraph?D
A.To train your dog.
B.To talk to your dog.
C.To be friendly to your dog.
D.To be careful with your dog.

分析 講述了一些科學家們有趣的最新發(fā)現(xiàn),即小狗能理解人們的意思,并能做出相應判斷的能力.文章通過一系列的測試證明了此觀點.

解答 72.答案:C 本題考查細節(jié)理解.根據(jù)原文Its word-learning skills are as good as those of a parrot or chimpanzee(黑猩猩).間接表達了黑猩猩的學習能力比較強.所以選C.
73.答案:B 本題考查細節(jié)理解.根據(jù)原文的第一個實驗:As the dog couldn't see anyone to get clues,the scientists believe Rico must understand the meanings of certain words.根據(jù)原文的第二個實驗:The correctobject was chosen in seven out of l0 tests,suggesting that the dog had worked out the answer by process of elimination可以說明小狗能夠辨識以前未曾看到的物品.所以答案選擇B.
74.答案:B 本題考查細節(jié)理解.根據(jù)原文In addition,the 9-year-old dog has been trained to fetch toys by their names since the age of nine months.可以推斷出這只狗早前就受到良好的訓練,所以才比別的夠稍微聰明一些.
75.答案:D 本文最后一段:It's hard to know if all dogs understand at least some of the words we say.Even if they do,they can't talk back.Still,it wouldn't hurt to sweet-talk your dog every now and then.You might just get a big,wet kiss in return!可知我們要小心對待我們的狗故選D

點評 閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎上的邏輯推理能力,要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系,對未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷;或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點理論,對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋.考生首先要仔細閱讀短文,完整了解信息,準確把握作者觀點.

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