Question

Manners nowadays in metropolitan cities like London are practically non-existent. It is nothing for a big, strong schoolboy to push an elderly woman aside to take the last remaining seat on the underway or bus.

This question of giving up seats in public transport is much argued about by young men, who say that since women have claimed equality, they no longer deserve to be treated with politeness and that those who go out to work should take their turns in the rat race like anyone else. But women have never claimed to be physically strong as men. Even if it is not agreed, however, the fact remains that courtesy(禮節(jié)) should be shown to the old and the sick. Are we really so lost to all ideals of unselfishness that we can sit there indifferently(冷漠地) reading the paper or a book, saying to ourselves, “First come, first served” while a grey-haired woman, a mother with a young child or a cripple(殘障者) stands? Yet this is all too often seen.

Older people, tired and impatient from a day’s work, are not always considerate either--far from it. Many arguments break out as the older people push and squeeze(擠) each other to get on buses. One cannot approve this, of course, but one does feel there is just a little more excuse.

It seems urgent, not only that communications in transport should be improved, but also that communication between human beings should be kept smooth and polite. All over cities, it seems that people are too tired and too rushed to be polite. Shop assistants won’t bother to assist; taxi drivers shout at each other as they dash dangerously around corners; bus conductors pull the bell before their desperate passengers have time to get on or off the bus, and so on. It seems to us that it is up to the young to do their small part to stop such lowering of moral standards.

Title: Manners in Metropolitan Cities

Theme	Politeness is1. , especially in large cities.
Phenomena and Excuses	Phenomena	Excuses
Big, strong schoolboys push elderly women aside to 2. on the last remaining seats.
Young men3. to treat women politely.	Women think they are4. to men, so they should take their turns in the rat race like others.
Young people sit indifferently5. while grey-haired women, mothers with 6. and disabled people stand by.	First come, first served.
The elderly themselves push each other to get on buses.
7.	●Communications in transport are not satisfactory. ●Communication between people doesn’t go 8. and politely. ●People are too 9. and too rushed to care about others.
Solution	Young people make an 10. to stop such lowering of moral standards.

 

Answer 1

1.disappearing/non-existent/missing/lacking/lost

2.sit/rest

3.refuse/hate/dislike

4.equal

5.reading

6.children/babies

7.Causes/Analysis

8.smoothly

9.tired

10.effort

【解析】

試題分析：題目主要考查學(xué)生從文中提取有效信息的能力，還要注意轉(zhuǎn)換單詞的詞性。平時(shí)應(yīng)該注意積累短語和固定搭配。

1.Manners nowadays in metropolitan cities like London are practically non-existent.”可知，在倫敦這樣的大都市，禮儀已經(jīng)不復(fù)存在，non-existent不存在的，故填disappearing/ non-existent/missing/lacking/lost。

2.a big, strong schoolboy to push an elderly woman aside to take the last remaining seat”可知，學(xué)生把老人擠到一邊是為了搶剩下的最后一個(gè)座位，文中用的短語take the last remaining seat，這里需要使用動(dòng)詞，sit on the last remaining seat坐到最后的座位上，故填sit/rest。

3.since women have claimed equality, they no longer deserve to be treated with politeness”可知，年輕人認(rèn)為女性爭(zhēng)取平等的權(quán)利，因此她們不再值得以禮相待，說明年輕人拒絕或不同意禮貌對(duì)待女性，故填refuse/hate/dislike。

4.since women have claimed equality”可知，女性要求獲得與男性平等的地位，這里需要用形容詞作表語，故填equal。

5.we can sit there indifferently(冷漠地) reading the paper or a book”可知，人們冷漠地坐在座位上看書或看報(bào)紙，故填reading。

6.a mother with a young child”可知，這里指帶小孩的母親，文中用的單數(shù)，這里需要填child的復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填children/babies。

7.Theme...Phenomena and Excuses...Solution”可知，文章分為主題、現(xiàn)象、原因和結(jié)論四個(gè)部分，故填Causes/Analysis。

8.communication between human beings should be kept smooth and polite.”可知，人與人之間的交流并不順暢，這里修飾動(dòng)詞go，用副詞，故填smoothly。

9.people are too tired and too rushed to be polite”可知，人們因?yàn)槠�憊或匆忙而無法顧及他人，故填tired。

10.it is up to the young to do their small part to stop such lowering of moral standards”可知，年輕人應(yīng)該做好分內(nèi)之事，停止拉低道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的行為，part在此意為“作用，本分”，do one’s part做好分內(nèi)之事，make an effort to do sth努力做某事，故填effort。

考點(diǎn)：考查提取有效信息；詞性轉(zhuǎn)換