Question

【題目】 Baseball developed gradually from a number of different ball-and-stick games originating in England. As early as the American Revolution, it was noted that troops played “base ball” in their free time. In 1845 Alexander Cartwright formalized the New York Knickerbocker’ version of the game.

The “New York Game” spread rapidly, replacing earlier localized forms. From its beginnings, baseball was seen as a way of satisfying the recreational needs of an increasingly urban-industrial society. At its beginning it was played by and for wealthy gentlemen. A club might consist of 40 members. The president would appoint two captains who would choose teams from among the members. Games were played on Monday and Thursday afternoons, with the losers often providing an expensive evening’s entertainment for the winners.

During the 1850-1870 period the game was changing, however, with increasing commercialism, under-the-table payments to outstanding players, and gambling(賭博) on the outcome of games. Beginning with the first openly all-salaried team (Cincinnati’s Red Stocking Club) in 1869, the 1870-1890 period saw the complete professionalization of baseball, including formation of the National Association of Professional Baseball Players in 1871. The National League of Professional Base Ball Clubs was formed in 1876, run by business-minded investors in joint-stock company(股份公司) clubs. The 1880s has been called Major League Baseball’s “Golden Age”. Profits rocketed, players’ salaries rose somewhat, a season of 84 games became one of 132, a weekly periodical “The sporting News” came into being, wooden stadiums replaced open fields, and the standard refreshment became hot dogs, soda pop and peanuts. In 1900 the Western League based in the growing cities of the Midwest declared itself the American League.

【1】What is the text mainly about?

A.The original rules of baseball.

B.The commercialization of baseball.

C.The influence of the “New York Game” on baseball.

D.The development of baseball in the nineteenth century.

【2】What can we learn about the “New York Game” at its beginning?

A.The game was played twice a week.

B.A baseball team might consist of 40 members.

C.The winners would get rewarded by the president.

D.The president would choose teams from among the member.

【3】What do we know about the baseball game during the 1850-1870 period?

A.The game became completely professional.

B.People bet on the result of games.

C.The game came into a “Golden Age”.

D.Most baseball players got extra incomes.

【4】During the 1880s, the baseball games _____.

A.were played in wooden stadiums

B.were reported by a daily sporting newspaper

C.were played less in a league season

D.were controlled by famous investors

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】A

【3】B

【4】A

【解析】

本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了棒球運動在19世紀(jì)的發(fā)展情況。

【1】

主旨大意題。通讀全文，根據(jù)文章第一段中的“Baseball developed gradually from a number of different ball-and-stick games originating in England. As early as the American Revolution, it was noted that troops played “base ball” in their free time.”可知，棒球從起源于英格蘭的許多不同的棒式運動逐漸發(fā)展起來。早在美國獨立戰(zhàn)爭時期，人們就注意到軍隊在閑暇時間打棒球。即第一段講述了棒球的由來，之后由第二段的“The “New York Game” spread rapidly, replacing earlier localized forms.”可知，這項運動迅速發(fā)展傳播，取代了早期的本地化形式。再由第三段的“During the 1850-1870 period the game was changing, however, with increasing commercialism, under-the-table payments to outstanding players, and gambling(賭博) on the outcome of games. The 1870-1890 period saw the complete professionalization of baseball.”可知，在19世紀(jì)50到70年代，棒球運動逐步職業(yè)化，杰出的運動員私下獲得更多的收入，人們以比賽結(jié)果來打賭。1870-1890年間，棒球運動完全專業(yè)化。由此可知，文章主要是在介紹棒球運動在19世紀(jì)的發(fā)展情況。故選D。

【2】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Games were played on Monday and Thursday afternoons, with the losers often providing an expensive evening’s entertainment for the winners.”可知，當(dāng)時的棒球比賽是在每周一和周四下午舉行，比賽失利者要請獲勝者出去好好娛樂一晚。由此可知，該比賽每周進行兩次。故選A。

【3】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“During the 1850-1870 period the game was changing, however, with increasing commercialism, under-the-table payments to outstanding players, and gambling on the outcome of games.”可知，在19世紀(jì)50到70年代，棒球運動逐步職業(yè)化，杰出的運動員私下獲得更多的收入，人們以比賽結(jié)果來打賭。即在1850-1870年間的棒球比賽中，人們下注就比賽結(jié)果進行賭博。故選B。

【4】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Profits rocketed, players’ salaries rose somewhat, a season of 84 games became one of 132, a weekly periodical “The sporting News” came into being, wooden stadiums replaced open fields.”可知，這個時期棒球俱樂部的利潤猛增，球員的薪水有所提高，一個賽季84場比賽變成了132場比賽，一個每周定期的《體育新聞》應(yīng)運而生，木制體育場取代了空地。即在19世紀(jì)80年代，棒球比賽是在木制體育場進行的。故選A。