20．（Reuters）-A U．N．climate deal due to be agreed in Copenhagen at talks from December 7-18may fall short of a legally binding（有約束力的） agreement．If Copenhagen fails to live up to hopes of a strong agreement to slow global warming，what are the reasons and who risks blame？The following are some of the candidates：
●Decline in economy distracted（分散） focus from climate change after the world agreed in Bali，Indonesia，in 2007to work out a new U．N．a(chǎn)greement by December 2009．Rich nations have put billions of dollars into green growth as part of recovery packages but，when unemployment at home is high，find it hard to promise extra money for developing countries．The slowdown in industrial output means a brief fix--greenhouse gas emissions（排放） are likely to fall by as much as 3percent this year．
●Many delegates at U．N．talks have given up hope that the United States，the number two emitter after China，will agree legislation（立法，法律） to limit carbon emissions before Copenhagen．The US is the only industrialized nation outside the Kyoto Protocol（京都協(xié)議書） for cutting greenhouse emissions until 2012．Many countries welcomed President Barack Obama's promises of doing more to fight climate change when he took office in January but hoped for swifter action．
●Developing nations accuse the rich of repeatedly failing to keep promises of more aid．Few developed countries live up to a target agreed by the U．N．General Assembly in 1970to give 0.7percent of their gross domestic product in development aid．Other plans，such as the Agenda 21environmental development plan agreed in 1992，have fallen short．
●Most rich nations are promising cuts in greenhouse gas emissions well short of the 25-40percent below 1990levels by 2020，which are needed to avoid the worst of climate change．Overall cuts promised by developed nations total between 11and 15percent．Best offers by countries including Japan，the European Union，Australia and Norway would reach the range．
●More than 90percent of the growth in emissions between now and 2030is set to come from developing nations--with almost 50percent from China alone，U．S．climate envoy Todd Stern said this week．"No country holds the fate of the earth more in its hands than China．Not one，"he said．China and India say they are slowing the growth of emissions but raising living standards is more important．So burning more energy is unavoidable--as industrialized nations have done for 200years．
●2008was the 10th warmest year since records began in the mid-19th century．The warmest was 1998，when a strong El Nino event in the eastern Pacific disrupted（使混亂） weather worldwide．That has led some to argue that global warming is slowing even though the U．N．'s WMO（世界氣象組織） says a long-term warming trend is unchanged．
●People have been slow in changing lifestyles to use less carbon．Simple choices like taking more public transport，using less heating or air conditioning，even changing light bulbs can help if millions of people act．（508）
Who's to blame if U．N．climate deal falls short？
| Possible candidates | Supporting Details |
| （71）Economicdownturn | ●Faced with the（72）domestic rising unemployment，rich countries fail to give more aid to developing ones．
●（73）lessindustrial output brings about a temporary relief from the pressure of greenhouse gas emissions． |
| United States | ●It's the only industrialized country outside the Kyoto Protocol．
●Immediate（74）action was expected to be taken by President Obama to fight climate change． |
| Rich-Poor divide | ●Developed nations are（75）blamed by the poor for repeatedly breaking promises of aid． |
| Developed nations | ●There is a huge （76）gapbetween the overall cuts promised by developed nations and those required to avoid climate catastrophe． |
| Developing nations | ●The increase in emissions from developing nations （77）accountsfor 90% between now and 2030．
●Developing nations need to give （78）priorityto raising living standards by burning more energy． |
| The weather | ●The worldwide disorder caused by El Nino has （79）misledsome people into believing that global warming is slowing． |
| The public | ●People should be（80）encouraged/urged to change lifestyles to use less carbon． |
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