Question

For some reason, it takes constant reminders that we primates（靈長目）need nurturing.

In a recent study of 46 baby chimpanzee（黑猩猩）orphans, Kim Bard of the University of Portsmouth in England and her colleagues demonstrated that primate babies that have tight relationships with mother figures do much better on cognitive（認知）tests than babies who receive only food, shelter, and friendship with peers. But this is not breaking mews. In fact, it’s old news.

In the 1950s, Harry Harlow conducted a series of experiments with baby monkeys that showed, without doubt, that lack of love and comfort makes for a crazy monkey.

Harlow constructed a cage that included a wire monkey “mother” topped with a plastic face. In this wire he fixed Mom with a milk bottle. The cage also held another wire mother covered with terry cloth. The baby monkeys spent all their time with the cloth mother and only went to the wire mother to feed, demonstrating that a soft touch beat something to eat any day.

Harlow’s monkey work was important because, at the time, child care “experts” and everybody’s grandmother had a “no touch, no comfort” policy toward children. They advised parents not to respond to crying babies, felt babies should sleep alone to grow up independent, and for God’s sake put those kids down. But Harlow’s work changed all that. Mothers were soon permitted to have their newborns next to them in the hospital.

The current chimp research based on Harlow’s work shows that mother love not only makes for a psychologically well-adjusted child, but also makes for a smart kid. Bard and her colleagues evaluated the abilities of the chimps when they were 12 months old with standard human tests for children of that age, tests that ask little kids to imitate some action.

The highly raised chimps did better than the ones that were not loved, and what do you know, the well-raised chimps did even better than human kids on this small IQ test.

So we hear it once again. We are primates, social animals which need care and love. We need to be held and talked to and made to feel that at least one person wants to be with us all the time. And if we get that kind of connection, we are sure to be fine, even better than fine.

1.The study Kim Bard and his colleagues did ______.

A．included 46 baby and mother monkeys

B．was nothing new to people about the findings

C．showed that many chimpanzees lacked love when they were young

D．showed that many chimpanzees had good relationships with their mothers

2.Why was Harlow’s monkey work important?

A．Because the “no touch, no comfort” policy toward children was quite right.

B．Because parents were advised not to respond to babies’ crying.

C．Because Harlow’s work changed people’s former belief in child care.

D．Because mothers were not allowed to have their newborns next to them in the hospital.

3.Harlow built two “mothers” for baby monkeys to ______.

A．make them live comfortably               B．let them have more choices

C．give them more love                     D．make a comparison

4.Which of the following is TURE according to the text?

A．Well-raised chimps always do even better than human kids.

B．A 12-month chimps is far cleverer than a child of that age.

C．The newborns were not allowed to be with their mothers in the past in the hospital.

D．Constantly touching the baby can make it feel safer.

 

Answer 1

【答案】

1.B

2.C

3.D

4.C

【解析】

試題分析：文章介紹了一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，得到關(guān)愛多的猴子會更聰明，認知水平更好，這項對猴子的研究很重要，因為可以改變先前人們對照顧孩子的觀點。

1.細節(jié)題：從第二段的句子：But this is not breaking mews. In fact, it’s old news.可知這個發(fā)現(xiàn)不是新的，而是舊的。選B

2.細節(jié)題：從第五段的句子：Harlow’s monkey work was important because, at the time, child care “experts” and everybody’s grandmother had a “no touch, no comfort” policy toward children. 可知這項對猴子的研究很重要，因為可以改變先前人們對照顧孩子的觀點。選C

3.細節(jié)題：從第四段的句子：The baby monkeys spent all their time with the cloth mother and only went to the wire mother to feed, demonstrating that a soft touch beat something to eat any day.可知Harlow用了兩個媽媽的形象在做對比，看小猴子會更喜歡和哪個媽媽在一起。選D

4.推理題：從第五段的句子：Mothers were soon permitted to have their newborns next to them in the hospital.可以推斷出以前，新生兒是不允許和媽媽在一起睡覺的。選C

考點：考查科普類短文

點評：文章介紹了一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，得到關(guān)愛多的猴子會更聰明，認知水平更好。這篇閱讀理解集中考查了細節(jié)題，要求考生仔細閱讀全文，做好相應(yīng)的標志，以提高閱讀的效率和速度，做題時要審清題干，發(fā)覺和把握試題中有效的提示性信息，確認命題的角度、閱讀范圍和答題方式。