According to body language expert Robert Phipps,the way people sleep at night actually determines a lot about the type of personality they have.Phipps has identified four sleeping positions that affect personality.
Phipps found that worriers,those who stress the most,tend to sleep in the fetal(胎兒的)position.He found that this is the most common bedtime position,with nearly 58 percent of people sleeping on their side with knees up and head down.The more we curl up(蜷曲),the more comfort we are seeking,according to Phipps.
The second most common position is the log.Sleeping with a straight body,with arms at each side,as if they are standing guard at Buckingham Palace,indicates stubbornness,and these people(the 28 percent who sleep this way)often wake up stiffer than when they went to sleep.
“The longer you sleep like this,the more rigid your thinking is and you can become inflexible,which means you make things harder for yourself,”according to Phipps.
Yearner(向往型)sleepers are next on the list.About 25 percent of people sleep in this style—on their side with arms stretched out in front,looking as if they are either chasing a dream or perhaps being chased themselves.Yearners are typically their own worst critics,always expecting the best results,explained Phipps.These people often wake up refreshed and eager to face the challenges of the day ahead.
Perhaps the most peculiar(奇怪的)of sleep styles is the freefaller position.This sleep style makes up 17 percent of the population.They sleep face down with arms stretched out.These people,according to Phipps,feel like they have little control over their life.Not only is this the strangest of sleep styles,but also the least comfortable,and people may wake up feeling tired and have no energy.
In conclusion,Phipps has only one more thing to add:“A good night's sleep sets you up for the following day and our sleeping positions can determine how we feel when we wake.”
小題1:Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
A.A Good Night's Sleep Sets You Up for the Following Day
B.Your Personality Depends a Lot on How You Sleep at Night
C.How You Sleep at Night Affects What You Do the Next Day
D.Which Sleeping Position Helps You Sleep Comfortably
小題2:Which of the following pictures is the fetal position?

小題3:The underlined word“rigid”is closest in meaning to “________”.
A.stubbornB.flexible
C.comfortableD.strange
小題4:Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?
CP:Central  P:Point Sp:Sub?point
C:Conclusion

小題1:B
小題2:D
小題3:A
小題4:A
本文為說(shuō)明文。肢體語(yǔ)言專(zhuān)家發(fā)現(xiàn),人們睡覺(jué)的姿勢(shì)實(shí)際上揭示了很多個(gè)性類(lèi)型的信息。
小題1:考查主旨大意。根據(jù)本文的主題句中的“the way people sleep at night actually determines a lot about the type of personality they have”可知, 本文主要講的是“一個(gè)人晚上睡覺(jué)的姿勢(shì)在很大程度上決定了這個(gè)人的個(gè)性特點(diǎn)”。
答案 B
小題2:考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“with nearly 58 percent of people sleeping on their side with knees up and head down”可知,“胎兒睡姿” 的姿勢(shì)是“側(cè)躺,頭朝下、膝蓋往上蜷成一團(tuán)”,故選D項(xiàng)。
答案 D
小題3: 考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第三段中的“indicates stubbornness”和第四段中的“you can become inflexible”可推知,該詞與A項(xiàng)意思最接近。
答案 A
小題4:考查文章結(jié)構(gòu)。第一段是文章的主題段落,點(diǎn)出主題;第二段到第六段分別介紹了“胎兒睡姿”“樹(shù)干睡姿”“向往型睡姿”和“自由落體睡姿”等四種不同的睡姿及其對(duì)應(yīng)的個(gè)性類(lèi)型;最后一段得出結(jié)論。由此可見(jiàn)A項(xiàng)表明了該篇文章的結(jié)構(gòu)。
答案 A
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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

Businesses are witnessing a difficult time,which has in turn produced influence on consumers’ desire to go green.However,shoppers are still laying stress on environmental concerns.
Two thirds of customers say that environmental considerations inform their purchases to the same degree as they did a year ago,while more than a quarter say that they are now even better aware of the environmental effect on what they buy.
This may help to influence how shops store goods on their shelves.And the companies should still make efforts to become more environmentally friendly.Two out of three people think it is important to buy from environmentally responsible companies,with about one in seven saying that they had even decided to take their custom elsewhere if they felt a company’s environmental reputation was not good enough.
Harry Morrison,chief executive(主管)of the Carbon Trust,sympathizes:“I understand this situation where survival is very important now.But from environmental considerations,the clock is ticking—we don’t have much time.In addition,cutting carbon has an immediate effect as costs drop and a medium­term benefit for the brand.”
Larger companies have an extra motivation to look at reducing their carbon footprint,as new rules next year will require businesses to buy carbon allowances to make up for their emissions(排放).Those that have taken early action will have a head start.More than two thirds of consumers are not clear about which companies are environmentally responsible.This suggests that firms that are able to relay clearly their message to the public will be in a pole position to attract shoppers.
The Carbon Trust believes that it can help by informing customers about the good work companies are doing.“When companies are granted(授予) the standard,they can use a logo(標(biāo)識(shí)) in all their marketing which makes it clear that they are working towards cutting emissions,” Mr.Morrison said.                                                  (2010·福建,C)
小題1:What’s the main idea of the passage?
A.Businesses are finding ways to send their message to the shoppers.
B.Companies will soon get information about cutting carbon emissions.
C.Firms are making efforts to encourage customers to keep goods at home.
D.Firms are urged to cut carbon emissions by shoppers’ environmental awareness.
小題2:The underlined word “inform” in Paragraph 2 probably means “________”.
A.a(chǎn)ffectB.changeC.disturbD.reject
小題3:According to Harry Morrison,businesses ________.
A.will benefit from cutting carbon emissions
B.should buy carbon allowances for shoppers
C.a(chǎn)re required to make up for their carbon emissions
D.have encouraged shoppers to take their custom elsewhere
小題4:We can learn from the passage that businesses will________.
A.have a strong desire to reduce costs
B.use the same logo in their marketing
C.gain advantages by taking early action
D.a(chǎn)ttract more shoppers by storing goods

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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

Plastic is one of the most important technological discoveries of the 20th century.However,it may soon be replaced.The new development—liquid wood—can replace plastics in all branches of modern industries.
Plastic as a material enjoys the biggest demand in the modern world,but it does have a number of drawbacks.First and foremost,plastic isn’t recyclable.Secondly,it contains toxins (毒物) helping develop cancerous diseases.Finally,it’s made of oil and oil reserves aren’t endless.
The  liquid wood technology is likely to replace plastic and provide mankind with new materials for many years ahead.Norbert Eisenfreich,a senior researcher at  the Faunhofer Institute for Chemical Technology (ICT) in Germany,said that arboform,the new material,is made of lignin (木質(zhì)素),which can be obtained from soft tissues of wood.Once mixed with several other materials,it turns into solid and non­toxic alternative for plastics.
ICT team leader Emilia Regina Inone­Kauffmann said the wood­working industry separates wood into three basic components,including lignin.Lignin isn’t used for the production of paper.Specialists of ICT mixed lignin with several natural materials and thus invented the material which could be melted and molded (鑄型).
When solid,arboform looks like plastic and possesses the qualities of polished wood.It can be used for the production of any items.Arboform is already used for the production of car parts which require extra strength.In addition,liquid wood can be recycled repeatedly.The material preserved all of its qualities even if it’s reprocessed ten times.
However,the new invention doesn’t enjoy an extensive use due to the high content of sulphur (硫) in it.German researchers are sure to reduce the amount of sulphur by 90 percent very soon to make arboform usable for home needs.
小題1:According to the passage,plastic________.
A.plays a big role in the modern world
B.helps to protect our environment in some way
C.has been replaced by the newly discovered material
D.helps us to reduce the use of petrol
小題2:What’s the advantage of arboform over plastics?
A.It is easily made from natural oil.
B.It is more widely used in household.
C.It is recyclable and friendly to the environment.
D.It contains no poisonous materials.
小題3:It can be concluded that German researchers will focus their future work firstly on________.
A.the material’s extensive use
B.the content of sulphur in arboform
C.the production cost of arboform
D.the qualities of liquid wood
小題4:The main purpose of the passage is to________.
A.a(chǎn)dvertise the new material—arboform
B.introduce liquid wood which will replace plastic
C.a(chǎn)dvertise new products made of arboform
D.show readers how to produce arboform

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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

When author Nicholas Carr began researching his book on whether the Internet is ruining our minds,he restricted his online access and e­mail.His new book argues the latest technology renders us less capable of deep thinking.Carr found himself so distracted(分心的) that he couldn’t work on the book while staying as connected.After first feeling confused by his sudden lack of online connection,he was able to stay focused on one task for a long period within several weeks.
Reading on the Internet has changed how we use our brains.Facing a lot of texts,video,music and links to other web pages and blogs,our minds have become used to skimming and scanning information.As a result,we have developed sharper skills at making fast decisions,particularly visual ones,Carr wrote.
But now most of us seldom read books or long articles that would help us focus.We are becoming more like librarians—able to find information quickly and see clearly the best nuggets(有價(jià)值的資料).That lack of focus hinders(阻礙) our long­term memory,leading many of us to feel distracted,he wrote.
“What we are losing is a whole other set of mental skills,which require not the shifting of our focus but the maintaining of our focus,” Carr said,adding that for centuries books protected our brains from distraction and focused our minds on one topic at a time.
But with devices such as Apple’s iPad becoming common,Carr predicts books also will change.“New forms of reading always require new forms of writing,” he said.Carr has a suggestion for those who feel web surfing has left them incapable of concentration—slow down,turn off the Internet and practice the skills of contemplation(沉思) and reflection.“It is pretty clear from the brain science that if you don’t exercise particular cognitive skills,you are going to lose them,” he said.“If you are constantly distracted,you are not going to think in the same way that you would think if you paid attention.”
小題1:What topic is Nicholas Carr’s new book mainly concentrating on?
A.Whether there is any need for us to surf the Internet.
B.How the Internet changes our way of thinking.
C.What we should do when we are surfing the Internet.
D.Whether our minds are being influenced by the Internet.
小題2:How did Nicholas Carr feel after he limited his time online several weeks later?
A.Anxious.B.Relaxed.
C.Concentrated.D.Puzzled.
小題3:The underlined word renders in Paragraph 1 probably means ________.
A.preventsB.causes
C.protectsD.sharpens
小題4:What’s Nicholas Carr’s suggestion for people who are often distracted by the Internet?
A.They should read more books besides surfing the Internet.
B.They should often slow down their pace of modern living.
C.They should often get away from the disturbing of the Internet.
D.They should spend more time thinking while surfing the Internet.

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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

How the Grand Canyon (大峽谷) was created remains one of the geology’s greatest mysteries. Some evidence suggests that the process was a gradual one in which the Colorado River (which runs through the canyon) slowly cut deeper and deeper into the ground over millions of years. But volcanic rock samples taken from the canyon now suggest that the canyon was down-cut instead.
Down-cutting is when a flood of water rushes over a landscape (地形) with enough force to cut deeply into the ground and leaves behind a canyon. Such a flood is usually released when a natural or man-made dam (堤壩) bursts.
Robert Webb, a research geologist, says natural dams seem to have formed and broken across the Colorado River several times during the last million years. The dams were built when lava(熔巖) from the eruptions of nearby volcanoes flowed into the river. The lava hardened into hard rocks and blocked the river, causing it to back up and form a lake. Each time the lake grew so huge that it broke the rock dam, releasing a flash flood that furthered the down-cutting process and deepened the canyon.
Down-cutting is not just an earthly event. Satellite photos sent back from Mars suggest that the process has happened there, too, say many other researchers.
The photos, taken by the Mars Global Surveyor, indicate that an enormous lake existed on Mars 3.5 billion years ago. The lake spilled into a large nearby hole. One edge of the hole broke, releasing a flash flood that quickly carved out a grand canyon.
The existence of down-cutting on Mars is just one more piece of evidence that the cold, dry planet was once warm and wet.
小題1:In the past, deep canyons were believed to have formed _______.
A.a(chǎn)s a result of a sudden break of volcanoes
B.due to river flows over millions of years
C.owing to the burst of artificial dams
D.thanks to our ancestors’ creative work
小題2:According to the passage, which of the following statements is TURE?
A.Several volcanoes broke out on Mars directly creating grand canyons.
B.Several great lakes existed on the upper parts of the Colorado River.
C.People built high dams on the upper parts of the Colorado River.
D.The Colorado River crossed the Grand Canyon to form down-cutting.
小題3:From the last three paragraphs we learn that _______.
A.there are great lakes on Mars
B.there are active volcanoes on Mars
C.there might be cities on Mars
D.there might be life on Mars
小題4:The passage can be titled as _______.
A.Lakes on Earth and Mars
B.The Cause of Lake Formation
C.The Force of Dam Breaking
D.Canyons—Results of Flood Cutting

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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

These days it’s cheaper to throw that broken DVD player, cell-phone or TV out and buy a new one. This “ replace-rather-than-repair” mentality is polluting the planet with electronic waste. According to the UN Environment Program, we are throwing away an estimated 50 million metric tonnes of electronics waste    (e-waste) per year. But this is not ordinary garbage. Our electronics leak harmful heavy metals — such as mercury and arsenic — along with equally poisonous chemicals that end up in our soil and eventually our water.
You’ve probably participated in a community recycling event and left feeling good about shipping off that old computer to be recycled. Chances are it was shipped overseas where it’s polluting someone else’community.
Guiyu city in Southeastern China has become known as the e-waste city where low-paid workers use whatever means available to remove electronics in hopes of recovering the copper, microchips, aluminum, gold and silver and plastic that can be resold. Any leftover waste is simply thrown into the nearby river or piled up high in the streets, poisoning the children growing up here.
So what can you do with your e-waste? Robert Houghton, President and founder of Redemtech, an asset management and recovery firm, recommends you vote with your dollar. Buy from companies who have a take-back program that guarantees your discarde electronics are handled proper.
“ Consumers want to do business with companies who are demonstrably    good with corporate responsibility and dealing with e-waste, ” said Houghton.
There are   plenty of charitable   organizations that will    take your  used electronics and donate them for charitable causes:
? Electronic Recycling  Association (Canada) (ERA) collects old    computers for donation to libraries and other organizations across Canada.
? eBay’s Rethink Initiative pairs up consumers with businesses that refurbish (再磨光)old computers for donation.
? TechSoup has a thorough   listing of resources for those who would  like   to donate or recycle hardware,buy recycled hardware or find a refurbisher.
? The Charitable    Recycling Program  accepts all cell-phones    and    has a listing of charities it helps with its program.
? Call2 Recycle has set up drop off points across Canada in a number of stores. You can drop off your cell-phone and also your rechargeable batteries from handheld electronic products.
小題1:When there is something wrong with electronics, what is a popular trend among people nowadays?
A.To keep a DIY way.B.To put them away themselves.
C.To purchase what they like.D.To donate them to charities.
小題2:Guiyu city in Southeastern China is mentioned here to show us ____.
A.there is an ideal place in the world for e-waste
B.there is a good example in the world for recycling
C.the recycling events in Canada benefit people overseas
D.people should find a scientific and thorough way to recycle
小題3:In the     writer’s opinion, who can first shoulder the   great responsibility to guarantee e-waste is handled proper in the future?
A.The UN Environment Program.
B.Consumers who buy electronics.
C.President and founder of Redemtech.
D.Guiyu city in Southeastern China.
小題4:In Canada, which charity organization will    most possibly take all  your unwanted electronics?
A.Call2 Recycle.B.TechSoup.
C.eBay’s Rethink Initiative.D.Electronic Recycling Association.

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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

I am a psychologist. I first met Timothy, a quiet, overweight eleven­year­old boy, when his mother brought him to me to discuss his declining grades. A few minutes with Timothy were enough to confirm that his self-esteem (自尊) and general happiness were falling right along with them.
I asked about Timothy’s typical day. He awoke every morning at six thirty so he could reach his school by eight and arrived home around four thirty each afternoon. He then had a quick snack, followed by either a piano lesson or a lesson with his math tutor. He finished dinner at 7 pm, and then he sat down to do homework for two to three hours. Quickly doing the math in my head, I found that Timothy spent an average of thirteen hours a day at a writing desk.
What if Timothy spent thirteen hours a day at a sewing machine instead of a desk? We would immediately be shocked, because that would be called children being horribly mistreated. Timothy was far from being mistreated, but the mountain of homework he faced daily resulted in a similar consequence — he was being robbed of his childhood. In fact, Timothy had no time to do anything he truly enjoyed, such as playing video games, watching movies, or playing board games with his friends.
Play, however, is a crucial part of healthy child development. It affects children’s creativity, their social skills, and even their brain development. The absence of play, physical exercise, and free­from social interaction takes a serious toll on many children. It can also cause significant health problems like childhood obesity, sleep problems and depression.
Experts in the field recommend the minutes children spend on their homework should be no more than ten times the number of their grade level. As a fifth­grader, Timothy should have no more than fifty minutes a day of homework (instead of three times that amount). Having an extra two hours an evening to play, relax, or see a friend would soundly benefit any child’s life quality.
小題1:What did the writer think of Timothy after learning about his typical day__________?
A.Timothy was very hard­working.
B.Timothy was being mistreated.
C.Timothy had a heavy burden.
D.Timothy was enjoying his childhood.
小題2:Which of the following statements best describes the writer’s opinion________?
A.Children should be allowed enough time to play.
B.Playing board games works better than playing video games.
C.The more they play, the more creative children will become.
D.The depression caused by homework makes children unwilling to play.
小題3:According to the passage, how long should a third­grader spend a day doing homework________?
A.About ten minutes.B.No more than twenty minutes.
C.No more than thirty minutes.D.About fifty minutes.

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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

Researchers conducting a study of hospital stays for over two hundred and eighty six thousand older folks found something interesting in their data.
The number of hospitalizations for heart disease and stroke went down significantly among a certain group of people at a certain time of year. What folks, and what time of year, you ask? Flu season and the lucky people were the ones who got flu shots(流感疫苗).
It’s generally recommended that people over fifty get their flu shots every year. Influenza(流行性感冒) is no small thing. it’s responsible for around thirty six thousand deaths a year in the U. S. alone. Getting the shots also cuts down on the chances of get­ting pneumonia(肺炎), which is especially dangerous in seniors.
But what wasn’t known was that there seems to be an added benefit to getting a flu shots in terms of warding off heart problems. The data,in fact, are quite strong in suggesting this is the case.
In this study, flu shots cut clown the number of hospitalizations for heart disease by nineteen percent. Stroke went down sixteen percent one season and a whopping twenty-three percent a second season.These are big results.
So what's the connection between getting a flu shot and having a stronger heart? It isn’t yet known.
Researchers speculate that the flu virus itself may do damage to blood vessels(血管), possibly making clots(血塊)more likely. Blood clots in the heart can cause heart attacks, and blood clots in the brain can cause strokes.
Whatever the specific details are, there's one more good reason to follow your doctor’ s advice and get that annual flu shot.
小題1:According to the study, the number of hospitalizations for heart disease and stroke went down significanntly among the ones who _____.
A.got flu shots after they were ill
B.got flu shots before they were ill
C.got flu shots at the flu season
D.got flu shots whenever convenient
小題2:The benefits of getting flu shots can be listed except that_____.
A.it can cut down on the chances of getting pneumonia
B.it can cut down the number of hospitalizations for heart disease
C.it can kill the flu virus
D.if can make blood clots
小題3:The underlined phrase "warding off" probably means_______.
A.keeping awayB.dealing withC.setting offD. picking up
小題4:According to the passage, we'd better ______.
A.work out to fight against influenzaB.get flu shot every year
C.follow our doctor's all adviceD.protect our blood vessels

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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

Recently we told you about a finding that more years of school could help students get higherscores on intelligence tests.That was the finding of a study of teenage males in Norway.Now,other research shows that physical activity may help students do better in their classes .
The research comes as educators in some countries are reducing time for activities like physical education.They are using the time instead for academic subjects like maths and reading.The studies appeared between 2007 and 2013.They included more than 55,000 children,aged 6 to 18.
Amika Singh:“Based on the results of our study,we can conclude that being physically active is beneficial for academic performance. There are,first,Physiological explanations,like more blood flow, and so more oxygen to the brain.Being physically active means there are more hormones(荷爾蒙)produced like endorphins(內(nèi)啡肽).And endorphins make your stress level lower and  your mood improved, which means you also perform better.”
Also,students involved in organized sports learn rules and how to follow them.This could improve their classroom behavior and help them keep their mind on their work.
The study leaves some questions unanswered,however.Ms.Stash says it is not possible to say whether the amount or kind of activity affected the level of academic improvement.This is because of differences among the studies .
Also.they were mostly observational studies.An observational study is where researchers do not do controlled comparisons.They only describe what they observe.So they might observe a link that students who are more active often have better grades.But that does not necessarily mean being active was the cause of those higher grades.
The researchers said they found only two high - quality studies.They called for more high-
quality studies to confirm their findings.They also pointed out that “outcomes for other parts of the world may be quite different. ”
Still,the general finding was that physically active kids are more likely to do better in school.Ms.Singh says schools should consider that finding before they cut physical education programs.Her paper on “Physical Activity and Performance at School”is published in the Archives of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine.
小題1:The passage mainly tells us that ____
A.a(chǎn) research on physical education has been done by the researchers
B.there exists a possibility that physical activity leads to higher grades
C.the amount or kind of activity directly affects academic level
D.the research shows that the children aged 6 to 1 8 don't do sports
小題2:Which of the following is TRUE?
A.Being mentally active is good for academic subjects.
B.The more hormones you have,the more stressed you will get.
C.They have found many high-quality studies to prove the research.
D.The educators in the research think studies,not exercise,mean much to students.
小題3:The underlined sentence in Paragraph 7 probably means ____.
A.good marks result from high-quality study
B.findings probably vary in different areas
C.physical activity will spread all over the world
D.a(chǎn)cademic performance depends on the surroundings
小題4:What's the purpose of writing the passage?
A.To call our attention to the sports at school.
B.To introduce all types of physical activities.
C.To represent the academic performance.
D.To improve students' health .

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