3.Americans use many expressions with the word dog.People in the United States love their dogs and treat(41)themwell.They take their dogs for walks,let them play outside(42)andgive them good food and medical care.On the contrary,dogs(43)without owners to care for them lead a rather difficult way of life.The expression"lead a dog's life",(44)describes(describe) a person who has an unhappy existence.
Some say we live in a dog-eat-dog world,(45)whichmeans many people are competing for the same things,like good jobs.They say that to be successful,(46)aperson has to work like a dog.This means they have to work very,very hard.Such hard work can make people dog-tired.And,the situati on would be even (47)worse(bad) if they became sick like a dog.
Husbands and wives use this doghouse term (48)whenthey are angry at each other.For example,a woman might be angry at her husband coming home late or(49)forgetting(forget) their wedding anniversary.She might tell him that he is in the doghouse.She may not treat him(50)nicely(nice) until he apologizes.

分析 這篇短文屬于說明性的短文閱讀.主要介紹了英語中幾條關(guān)于狗的表達(dá)方式.與狗相關(guān)的眾多表達(dá)方式說明狗在人們的生活中是起到比較重要的作用的,也說明這一文化的源遠(yuǎn)流長.

解答 41.them 42.a(chǎn)nd 43.without 44.describes 45.which 46.a(chǎn) 47.worse 48.when 49.forgetting 50.nicely
41.them 考查代詞的使用. 根據(jù)and前面的love their dogs可知,美國人很喜歡狗并且對(duì)待狗很好,因?yàn)榍懊娴膁og使用的是復(fù)數(shù),所以后面的代詞的替代詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式,故答案為them.
42.a(chǎn)nd   考查連詞的使用.這是陳述美國人對(duì)待狗的方式,三個(gè)并列的謂語動(dòng)詞,前面的兩個(gè)用逗號(hào)分隔開,最后一個(gè)用and來連接;故答案為and.
43.without  考查介詞在句中的運(yùn)用.有前面的敘述說明美國人是很喜歡狗也很善待狗的,所以結(jié)合后面的謂語部分lead a rather difficult way of life可知,應(yīng)該是沒有主人照顧的狗是很凄慘的;故答案為without.
44.describes  考查謂語動(dòng)詞及主謂一致.本句的主語是The expression,雙引號(hào)中的內(nèi)容"lead a dog's life"為一個(gè)名詞短語作定語,劃線處為一個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞的形式,所以用單數(shù)形式,故答案為describes.
45.which  考查非限制性定語從句的連接詞.分析句子的結(jié)構(gòu)可知,前面為一個(gè)完整的句子,中間只有一個(gè)逗號(hào),后面也是一個(gè)缺少主語的句子,由此可判斷這是一個(gè)非限制性定語從句,根據(jù)句意可知用which來引導(dǎo).
46.a(chǎn)  考查冠詞的運(yùn)用.本句中是泛指一個(gè)人要想成功,就必須拼命地像狗一樣工作;故答案為不定冠詞a.
47.worse   考查形容詞法比較級(jí)的運(yùn)用.根據(jù)后面if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句和前面的副詞even可知,這里是說如果一個(gè)人病的跟狗一樣的話,這就說明他的情況是更糟糕的了;故答案為worse.
48.when 考查時(shí)間狀語從句的連接詞.分析句子的結(jié)構(gòu)可知,前后兩個(gè)句子需要一個(gè)連詞來連接,根據(jù)句意可知,這是一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句,故答案為when.
49.forgetting  考查非謂語動(dòng)詞的運(yùn)用.本空應(yīng)該是和前面的動(dòng)詞短語coming home late并列的成分,為動(dòng)名詞短語作介詞at的賓語;故答案為forgetting.
50.nicely 考查副詞法使用.根據(jù)常識(shí)可知,用來修飾動(dòng)詞短語 treat him的應(yīng)該是一個(gè)副詞,故答案為nicely.

點(diǎn)評(píng) 語法填空題是考查語篇的理解能力和語言知識(shí)的應(yīng)用能力.解題時(shí),要在理解文章的前提下,充分考慮語境和上下文之間的聯(lián)系.不要孤立地看一個(gè)詞或一個(gè)空本身,很多答案是可以在文章中找到參考線索的.

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