Question

【題目】 The tall manchineel tree that is native to the Caribbean, Florida, South America, Central America and the Bahamas, looks particularly attractive. But you may be wise to notice the warning given that the tree holds the Guinness World Record for “the world’s most dangerous tree”.

The deadliness begins with the sweet-smelling fruit. As British radiologist Nicola Strickland and her friend discovered, even a single bite of the green apple-like produce can lead to hours of suffering. The scientist says within minutes of eating the fruit, she and her friend experienced “a strange peppery feeling” in their mouths. A few hours later, the two could barely swallow any solid food. Fortunately, the symptoms started to reduce after about eight hours and the fruit did not cause any long-term damage.

Many plants have poisonous bark and leaves to prevent grass-eating animals. However, the fruits are usually edible allowing animals to feed on them or carry seeds to help with reproduction. But since the manchineel fruits are largely transported by ocean tides, the tree does not need help to reproduce.

The tree’s thick and milky white sap (樹液) is equally dangerous. Contact with the skin can lead to symptoms that range from headaches to respiratory(呼吸) problems. Exposure to the eye can even cause “temporary painful blindness”. Given that the sap’s most dangerous toxin is highly water soluble, experts advise not using the tree for shade during a rain shower, as raindrops carrying the sap could easily burn your skin.

The fear has resulted in almost destroying the tree in Florida where it is on the list of endangered species. While removing it altogether may seem like the logical solution, experts argue that the manchineel trees are important for local ecosystems. In addition to protecting against ocean winds, the dense manchineel trees also prevent ocean erosion in Central America. The tree’s wood is very popular with Caribbean carpenters who have learned to neutralize its poisonous sap by drying the bark in the sun. In Central and South America, the locals use the bark to treat body swelling caused by injury and infection.

【1】Which of the following best explains “edible” underlined in Paragraph 3?

A.Fit to eat.B.Easy to pick.C.Hard to find.D.Nice to look at.

【2】Which of the following about the manchineel tree is true?

A.Its fruits taste sweet.

B.It reproduces by ocean tides.

C.Your eyes may be blind at the sight of it.

D.You have difficulty breathing in its shade.

【3】What is mainly talked about in the last paragraph?

A.The medical use of the manchineel trees.

B.The important role of the manchineel trees.

C.The urgent need of protecting the manchineel trees.

D.The way of removing poisonous sap from the trees.

【4】Which of the following can best show the structure of the passage?

A.B.C.D.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】B

【3】B

【4】B

【解析】

本文是說明文，介紹了一種進(jìn)入吉尼斯世界紀(jì)錄的“世界上最危險(xiǎn)的樹”——毒番石榴樹，分別介紹了這種樹的果實(shí)、汁液的危險(xiǎn)性。這種樹雖然有毒，但是有著極大的作用。

【1】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段的allowing animals to feed on them or carry seeds to help with reproduction可知，動(dòng)物以這種樹的果實(shí)為食，或攜帶種子幫助繁殖。因此它的果實(shí)通常是可食用的。edible 意為：可食用的。 故選 A 項(xiàng)。

【2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第三段的：But since the manchineel fruits are largely transported by ocean tides, the tree does not need help to reproduce可知 ，由于這種樹的果實(shí)主要是由海洋潮汐帶到其他地方的，所以這棵樹不需要外界的幫助來繁殖。故選B。

【3】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中In addition to protecting against ocean winds, the dense manchineel trees also prevent ocean erosion in Central America. The tree’s wood is very popular with Caribbean carpenters who have learned to neutralize its poisonous sap by drying the bark in the sun. In Central and South America, the locals use the bark to treat body swelling caused by injury and infection可知這種樹的重要作用： 這種樹除了能夠保護(hù)不受海洋風(fēng)的侵襲，還能防止中美洲的海洋侵蝕；木材很受加勒比木匠的歡迎，他們學(xué)會(huì)了通過在陽光下干燥樹皮中和有毒的汁液；在中美洲和南美洲，當(dāng)?shù)厝擞脴淦�來治療因受傷和感染引起的身體腫脹。故選 B 項(xiàng)。

【4】主旨大意題。第一段介紹了這種樹是“世界上最危險(xiǎn)的樹”，中間第二、三、四三段分別介紹了這種樹的果實(shí)、汁液的特點(diǎn)和危險(xiǎn)性，最后一段介紹了這種樹的用途。第一段是總述，第二、三、四三段是并列關(guān)系，最后一段是總結(jié)概括段。故選 B 項(xiàng)。

閱讀理解篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題做題方法：

閱讀理解的題目能全面地、深層次地考查考生的閱讀理解能力。此類題主要是針對(duì)文章的整體篇章結(jié)構(gòu)或某一段落的展開層次所設(shè)置的問題。高考對(duì)文章結(jié)構(gòu)的考查主要涉及兩個(gè)層次：一是按段落的組織方法理解文章的結(jié)構(gòu)；二是按寫作手法(論證方法)理解文章的結(jié)構(gòu)。設(shè)問形式常有：

(1)Which of the following shows the development of ideas in this passage?

(2)Which of the following shows the organization/structure of the (whole) passage?

因此這類題的解題方法也分為兩種，如下圖所示：

注意：

1.文章的段落組織通常采用“總—分；分—總；總—分—總”的框架；

2.內(nèi)容的展開常采用以下方式：

時(shí)間順序：按時(shí)間先后順序說明某一事物的發(fā)展情況；

空間順序：按照事物的空間結(jié)構(gòu)順序進(jìn)行描寫或說明；

例證關(guān)系：所列舉的事物用來論證觀點(diǎn)，通常是數(shù)據(jù)、事例等；

對(duì)比或類比關(guān)系：這類文章通常以對(duì)比各事物之間的共同點(diǎn)或差異為主。

如本文最后一題。通讀全文后，把握各段大意，尤其注意每段首句，會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)首句就是每段的主題句。第一段介紹了the manchineel tree是吉尼斯世界記錄的“世界上最危險(xiǎn)的樹”，是全文的總述；第二、三、四段介紹樹的果實(shí)和汁液的危險(xiǎn)性，是分述兩個(gè)方面；第五段介紹了這種樹的用途，又是總述。所以這篇文章是“總—分—總”結(jié)構(gòu)，故B選項(xiàng)圖例符合文章結(jié)構(gòu)。