【題目】When computer servers operate a complex program, they can get very hot. Cooling the servers can be costly. So researchers asked what would happen if the heat created by the servers could be captured and used?
Data centers of large Internet companies such as Google and Microsoft have thousands of computer servers. As these servers process information, they create large amounts of heat, so they need huge cooling systems, which send the heat into the air.
The Dutch company Nerdalize thinks paying for electricity to operate the servers and then paying again to cool them is a waste of energy. So it developed a device called the e-Radiator, a computer server that also works as a heating source.
Boaz Leupe, the chief executive officer of Nerdalize, says the e-Radiator saves money because companies don’t have to pay to cool their servers. “…The kilowatt hour you are using is used twice — once to heat the home and once to compute the client’s task without the cooling expenses.”
At present five homeowners in the Netherlands are testing the heating device in their homes.
“We compensate the electricity the server uses, and that we can do because of the computer clients on the other side, and, in that way, homeowners actually get heating for free, and computer users don’t have to pay for the expenses of the data center.”
Jan Visser is one of the participants in the year-long experiment. He notices that the amount of heat produced by the e-Radiator depends on the work being done by the computer server. He reveals it cannot be used as the primary source of heat. But he is ready to try it. “If it provides enough warmth, I will be able to use my home’s heating system less, which will save me money.” he added.
Nerdalize says e-Radiators create heat temperatures of up to 55 degrees Celsius. It’s also said that the devices could save users up to $440 in heating costs a year.
【1】What can we learn from this passage?
A. E-Radiator can save homeowners a big sum of money in cooling the computers.
B. Google and Nerdalize developed the heating device, e-Radiator.
C. E-Radiator has been put into use in the Netherlands.
D. The heating device will benefit computer users as well as homeowners.
【2】According to the passage, what’s Jan Visser’s attitude towards e-Radiator?
A. Cautious. B. Positive. C. Satisfied. D. Doubtful.
【3】Where can we most probably read the passage?
A. In an economic report.
B. In a science magazine.
C. In an education newspaper.
D. In a computer guide book.
【4】Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. Money-saving heating device.
B. E-Radiator, the primary source of heat.
C. Hot computers could be used to heat home.
D. Nerdalize developed e-Radiator, a heating system.
【答案】
【1】D
【2】B
【3】B
【4】C
【解析】
試題分析：短文主要講的是利用新發(fā)明e-Radiator來充分利用電腦散發(fā)出來的熱量給家庭供暖。
【1】D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段和第六段homeowners actually get heating for free可知，答案選D。
【2】B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第七段But he is ready to try it.可知，Jan Visser的態(tài)度是積極的，故選B。
【3】B 推理判斷題。短文主要講的是e-Radiator在電腦散熱方面的應(yīng)用，有可能出現(xiàn)在科學(xué)類雜志上，故選B。
【4】C 文章大意題。短文主要講的是將電腦散發(fā)出來的熱量試著用來給家里供暖，故最佳標(biāo)題選C。
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The total amount of packaging increased by 12% between 1999 and 2005. It now makes up a third of a typical household’s waste in the UK. In many supermarkets nowadays food items are packaged twice with plastic and cardboard.
Too much packaging is doing serious damage to the environment. The UK, for example, is running out of areas for burying this unnecessary waste. If such packaging is burnt, it gives off greenhouse gases which go on to cause the greenhouse effect. Recycling helps, but the process itself uses energy. The solution is not to produce such items in the first place. Food waste is a serious problem, too. Too many supermarkets encourage customers to buy more than they need. However, a few of them are coming round to the idea that this cannot continue, encouraging customers to reuse their plastic bags, for example.
But this is not just about supermarkets. It is about all of us. We have learned to associate packaging with quality. We have learned to think that something unpackaged is of poor quality. This is especially true of food. But it also applies to a wide range of consumer products, which often have far more packaging than necessary.
There are signs of hope. As more of us recycle, we are beginning to realize just how much unnecessary material we are collecting. We need to face the wastefulness of our consumer culture, but we have a mountain to climb.
【1】What does the underlined phrase “that over-consumption” refer to?
A. Using too much packaging.
B. Recycling too many wastes.
C. Making more products than necessary.
D. Having more material than is needed.
【2】The author uses figures in Paragraph 2 to show_________________.
A. the tendency of cutting household waste
B. the increase of packaging recycling
C. the rapid growth of supermarkets
D. the fact of packaging overuse
【3】What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?
A. Unpackaged products are of bad quality.
B. Supermarkets care more about packaging.
C. It is improper to judge quality by packaging.
D. Other products are better packaged than food.
【4】What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A. Fighting wastefulness is difficult.
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