You’re standing in the dairy section at the grocery store, searching for your favorite brand. Suddenly, you catch a smell of chocolate cookies. You forget about dairy and head for the bakery (烘烤食品) section. Guess what? You just walked into an odor (氣味) trap (陷阱)! The odor was cooked up by scientists in a lab.
For years, scientists have been studying the special powers of smell. They found that more than our other senses, smell changes our mood and helps us remember things.
So companies have begun spending thousands of dollars to scent (使充滿香味) entire stores. Artificial (人造的) scents are being used to lead customers by the nose. These smells help to get people inside and put them in the mood to buy. They even make customers remember the store later, so they’ll come back for more. Also, many companies have smartly made use of product smells. A company added lemon fragrance to its dish cleaner. They wanted people to think the soap contained “natural” cleaners. It worked!
New uses for smells are being created every day. One bank, for example, gives customers coupons (優(yōu)惠券) advertising car loans (貸款). To get people to take out a loan, bank officials hope to coat these coupons with the fresh leather smell of a new car. In Australia, telephone offices are putting sweat odor on unpaid bills. Since some people sweat when they’re scared, this smell might remind them of when they were frightened. And they’ll pay the bills right away!
What lies ahead for our noses? Smell scientists are working on some pretty far-out ideas. Would you believe TV sets that produce smells? Or how about scent diets? Certain food smells will fool your stomach into thinking it’s full. Alarm clocks will scent your bedroom with a strong pleasant smell designed to wake you up. Scientists are even working on ways to keep garbage from smelling. Researchers expect scents to help students make more sense of what they’re learning.
And just think. Someday soon, even your homework may smell nice!
【小題1】How do sales methods affect customers in the stores?
| A．They change customers’ preferences. |
| B．They persuade customers to use credit cards. |
| C．They make customers avoid bad and unsafe products. |
| D．They influence customers to make unplanned purchases. |
| A．Because the sweat odor is a reminder of terrifying experience. |
| B．Because the sweat odor can change people’s attitude. |
| C．Because most people don’t think much of sweating. |
| D．Because many people dislike paying bills. |
| A．Students would benefit more from smell research. |
| B．Students would be more willing to do homework. |
| C．Smell research would develop beyond our imagination. |
| D．Smell research would make great differences to our life. |
| A．To encourage the store owners to use smells. |
| B．To expose wrong practices by smell scientists. |
| C．To inform the readers of an interesting subject. |
| D．To blame the advertisers that use smells to sell. |
【小題1】D
【小題2】A
【小題3】C
【小題4】C
解析試題分析：
【小題1】D 推理題。根據(jù)第三段后三行They even make customers remember the store later, so they’ll come back for more. Also, many companies have smartly made use of product smells. A company added lemon fragrance to its dish cleaner. They wanted people to think the soap contained “natural” cleaners. It worked!說明商店使用的這些方法讓顧客購買他們的產(chǎn)品，也許有些產(chǎn)品并不是他們真正需要的。故D正確。
【小題2】A 推理題。根據(jù)第四段最后三行In Australia, telephone offices are putting sweat odor on unpaid bills. Since some people sweat when they’re scared, this smell might remind them of when they were frightened. And they’ll pay the bills right away!說明這樣的氣味能提醒他們害怕的時候。故A正確。
【小題3】C 推理題。前面幾段一直都在詳細地描述人們在使用各種氣味為他們所用，也許氣味的發(fā)展會超出我們的想象的。故C正確。
【小題4】C 主旨大意題。在本文中作者這種講述了氣味的發(fā)展，以及人們對于氣味的使用，主要是告訴讀者一種新的實驗課題—氣味。故C正確。
考點：考查科普類短文閱讀
點評：在本文中作者這種講述了氣味的發(fā)展，以及人們對于氣味的使用，主要是告訴讀者一種新的實驗課題—氣味。以推理題的考查為主，
閱讀快車系列答案科目：高中英語 來源：安徽省合肥一中2010屆高考沖刺最后一卷英語試題 題型：閱讀理解
Besides calling 911, here is what to do in some life-threatening emergencies when no one is around to help.
Lost in the wilderness
First, you’ve got to acknowledge you're in trouble. Stay where you can be seen, clearly and remember to rest. Keeping a sense of humor helps too -- it reduces strum and helps creative thinking. In a wide open area, make a colorful cress out of rocks to show your present position.
Choking
Aim to hit the top of the chair against your stomach, in the soft part below the bony upside-down V of the ribs (肋骨). Make a sudden push against the chair. If you still can’t breathe after six tries, call 911, even if you can’t talk. Write the word “choking” somewhere nearby, and leave the line open until help arrives.
Severe bleeding
Use your hand or clean cotton, or paper towels, or a scarf, or any cloth you can find, and push down on the wound until the bleeding stops. But if you put a band around your leg tightly, you’re going to close the vessels (血管) to the entire leg. In this way, you could loose foot.
Bear attack
If yon surprise a bear, don't run away. That invites an attack. Instead, stand up and back away slowly, without looking the bear in the eyes. If it does charge (猛沖) at you, stick out your chest, raise your arms, and spread your legs. Shout at the bear, to frighten it. If it's going to attack, lie facedown, with your hands held firmly behind your neck. Play dead until you're sure the bear is gone.
1. When you see a colorful cross made of rocks in the wilderness, you know ______.
A. someone is bleeding B. someone is choking
C. someone is lost D. someone is attacked by a bear
2. If you are still choking after six tries, you should ______.
A. keep a sense of humor B. call 911 and leave the line open
C. use your hand our clean cotton D. lie down with your hands behind your neck
3. Don't tie around your bleeding leg tightly, or you could ______.
A. stop bleeding B. reduce stress C. loose your foot D. cause breathlessness
4. The passage is mainly teaching us how to ______.
A. survive the emergencies B. avoid a bear attack.
C. deal with a choke D. find our way
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科目：高中英語 來源：2015屆浙江省杭州市七校高二上學期期中聯(lián)考英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解
My parents have certainly had their troubles, and as their child I’ll never know how they made it to 38 years of marriage. They loved each other, but they didn’t seem to like each other very much. Dad was too fond of his beer, and he talked down to Mom a lot. When she tried to stand up to him, a fight would unavoidably follow.
It was my dad’s disease that began to change things. The year 1998 was the beginning of a remarkable transformation for my family. My father, Jim Dineen, the always healthy, weightlifting, never-missed-a-day-of-work kind of dad, discovered he had kidney (腎)disease.
The decision to go ahead with a transplant for my father was a long and tough one, mostly because he had liver damage too. One physician’s assistant told him, “According to your file, you’re supposed to be dead.” And for a while, doctors mistakenly thought that he would need not just a kidney transplant, but a liver transplant too. Dad’s future hung in midpoint.
When the donor testing process finally began in the spring of 2003, numerous people, including me, my uncle Tom, and my mom, came back as matches of varying degree. But Mom was the one who insisted on going further. She decided to donate a kidney to my father. She said she was not scared, and it was the right thing to do. We all stepped back in amazement.
At last a date was chosen – November 11, 2003. All of a sudden, the only thing that seemed to matter Dad was telling the world what a wonderful thing Mom was doing for him. A month before the surgery, he sent her birthday flowers with a note that read, “I love you and I love your kidney! Thank you!”
Financially, the disease was upsetting to them. So my sister and I were humbled and surprised when, shortly before his surgery day, Dad handed us a diamond jewelry that we were to give to Mom after the operation. He’d accumulated his spare dollars to buy it.
At the hospital on the day of the transplant, all our relatives and friends gathered in the waiting room and became involved in a mean euchre (尤克牌游戲) tournament. My family has always handled things with a lot of laughter, and even though we were all tense, everybody was taking bets on how long this “change of conduct” would last in my parents.
We would inform Dad that if he chose to act like a real pain on any particular day after the operation, he wasn’t allowed to blame it on PMS just because he’d now have a female kidney.
The surgeries went well, and not long afterward, my sister and I were allowed to go in to visit. Dad was in a great deal of pain but again, all he could talk about was Mom. Was she okay? How was she feeling? Then the nurses let us do something unconventional. As they were wheeling Mom out of recovery room, they rolled her into a separate position to visit Dad. It was strange to see both my parents hooked up to IVs and machines and trying to talk to each other through tears. The nurses allowed us to present the diamond jewelry to Mom so that Dad could watch her open it. Everyone was crying, even the nurses.
As I stood with digital camera in hand, I tried to keep the presence of mind to document the moment. My dad was having a hard time fighting back emotion, and suddenly my parents unexpectedly reached out to hold each other’s hands.
In my nearly 35 years of existence, I’d never seen my parents do that, and I was spellbound. I snapped a picture and later rushed home to make sure I’d captured that enormous, life-defining moment. After so many years of disagreement, it was apparent to me that they finally understood how much each loved the other. 65—70
1.From the first paragraph we can learn that ____________.
A. Dad was fond of drinking B. My parents got along well
C. Dad often beat Mom D. Mom never obeyed Dad
2.The underlined part “Dad’s future hung in midpoint” in Para.3 suggests that ____________.
A. Dad was bound to die
B. Dad came to a serious moment in his life
C. Dad’s future was decided by doctors
D. Dad faced a tough decision in his life
3.Before the surgery, which of the following words can best describe the feeling of the families?
A. Worried and negative. B. Anxious and helpless.
C. Nervous but optimistic. D. Relaxed and positive.
4.Which of the following is TRUE according the passage?
A. Dad bought a diamond jewelry to Mom for their wedding anniversary.
B. Dad asked the nurse to visit Mom soon after the operation.
C. Despite a lot of pain, Dad was eager to know Mom’s condition soon after the operation.
D. On the day of the transplant, the families involved in a euchre tournament to relax themselves.
5.What’s in the writer’s photo?
A. Everyone was crying, even the nurses.
B. His parents were trying to talk to each other.
C. Dad watched Mom opening the gift.
D. His parents were holding each other’s hands.
6.What’s the best title for the passage?
A. Dad’s disease B. Mom’s decision C. The Gift of Life D. The photo of hands
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科目：高中英語 來源：2015屆遼寧朝陽柳城高級中學高一上學期期末考試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：完型填空
Mr. Cronin has a clock shop in the center of the town. He tries his best to 36 it well. He often receives the customers(顧客) 37 and people like to buy 38 in his shop.
It was a cold day and 39 people would go out to do some _40_. Mr. Black, one of Mr. Cronin’s_41_, came to the shop. He knew the man was_42_ his miserliness (吝嗇). But he tried to persuade (說服) him to buy a watch in his shop.
“You’d better buy a watch for 43 _, Mr. Black,” said Mr. Cronin. “It’ll be _44_ to you whenever.”
“No, no,” said Mr. Black. “I’ll _45_need any watches.”
“But how do you know when it’s time to _46_?”
“The people who live around me always _47_ their televisions at seven for the news. So I can hear the announcer(播音員) say, “ The time is seven o’clock.. Here is the news.”
“But you don’t know when to go to work.”
“That’s _48_,” Mr. Black said with a smile. “It takes me ten minutes to _49_ and shave（刮臉）. I have breakfast at twenty past seven. I get to the bus stop at twenty to eight and fifteen minutes later arrive at my office and _50_ working.”
“When do you _51_ your office, then?”
“There’s a _52_ near it, its siren(汽笛) can tell me the right time.”
“How do you know the time if you _53_ in the middle of the night?”
“I always put a stick by my bed”
“But a stick can’t tell you the time”
“You’re _54_. But I can use it to knock on your wall. You always _55_, “What are you knocking on my wall for at two in the night?”
1.A. watch B. manage C. build D repair
2. A．coldly B．luckily C．simply D．warmly
3.A. something B. everything C nothing D. anything
4. A．many B．most C．plenty of D．few
5. A．work B．reading C．shopping D．fishing
6. A．neighbors B．friends C．classmates D．workmates
7. A．good at B．famous for C．proud of D．fond of
8. A．you B．me C．yourself D．myself
9. A．helpful B．helpless C．necessary D．important
10. A．a(chǎn)lways B．sometimes C．never D．often
11. A．get up B．go to bed C．go to work D．have breakfast
12. A．show B．turn on C．turn off D．sell out
13. A．easy B．possible C．different D．probable
14. A．cook B．wash C．tidy D．rest
15. A．finish B．enjoy C．keep D．start
16. A．clean B．leave C．go to D．find
17. A．railway station B．post office C．university D．factory
18. A．sit up B．wake up C．stand up D．get up
19. A．clever B．right C．wrong D．foolish
20. A．shout B．wonder C．laugh D．request
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科目：高中英語 來源：2012-2013學年安徽省黃山市高三第一次聯(lián)考英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解
You never see him, but they're with you every time you fly. They record where you are going, how fast you're traveling and whether everything on your airplane is functioning normally. Their ability to endure almost any disaster makes them seem like something out of a comic book. They're known as the black box.
When planes fall from the sky, as a Yemeni airliner did on its way to Comoros Islands in the India ocean on June 30, 2009, the black box is the best bet for identifying what went wrong. So when a French submarine (潛水艇) detected the box's homing signal five days later, the discovery marked a huge step toward determining the cause of a tragedy in which 152 passengers were killed.
In 1958, Australian scientist David Warren developed a flight-memory recorder that would track basic information like altitude and direction. That was the first mode for a black box, which became a requirement on all U.S. commercial flights by 1960. Early models often failed to withstand crashes, however, so in 1965 the box was completely redesigned and moved to the rear of the plane – the area least subject to impact – from its original position in the landing wells (起落架艙). The same year, the Federal Aviation Authority required that the boxes, which were never actually black, be painted orange or yellow to aid visibility.
Modern airplanes have two black boxes: a voice recorder, which tracks pilots' conversations, and a flight-data recorder, which monitors fuel levels, engine noises and other operating functions that help investigators reconstruct the aircraft's final moments. Placed in an insulated (隔絕的) case and surrounded by a quarter-inch-thick panels of stainless steel, the boxes can stand massive force and temperatures up to 2,000℉. When submerged, they're also able to emit signals from depths of 20,000 ft. Experts believe the boxes from Air France Flight 447, which crashed near Brazil on June 1,2009, are in water nearly that deep, but statistics say they're still likely to turn up. In the approximately 20 deep-sea crashes over the past 30 years, only one plane's black boxes were never recovered.
1.What does the author say about the black box?
A．It is an indispensable device on an airplane.
B．The idea for its design comes from a comic book.
C．Its ability to avoid disasters is incredible.
D．It ensures the normal functioning of an airplane.
2.What does the underlined word in the 3rd paragraph mean?
A．witness B．experience C．resist D．ensure
3.Why was the black box redesigned in 1965?
A．New materials became available by that time.
B．Too much space was needed for its installation.
C．The early models didn't provide the needed data.
D．The early models often got damaged in the crash.
4.What do we know about the black boxes from Air France Flight 447?
A．There is an urgent need for them to be reconstructed.
B．There is still a good chance of their being recovered.
C．They have stopped sending homing signals.
D．They were destroyed somewhere near Brazil.
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科目：高中英語 來源：2012-2013學年浙江省臨海市高三上學期第三次段考英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解
Real-life Friends
Most people know the saying: A man's best friend is his dog; and that Diamonds are a girl’s best friend. However, dogs can’t offer advice or make you a cup of tea when you need one; and precious stones are cold comfort when you need a hug, and a shoulder to cry on.
What are Friends?
There are many ways to describe a friend. Friends are the family you can choose for yourself. Friends are a much better medication（醫(yī)療）than medication is, and people who spend time with friends are happier with their lives as they are less lonely.
A good friend will put you to bed when you’re lost consciousness. Ensure you’re not laid on your back, and remember to remove your shoes. You should be able to tell a true friend anything without being judged by them.
How do Friendships Begin?
This is an easy question. Find someone else who has similar interests with you. You now have another person to talk to about your shared interest but remember they like to talk too, so be prepared to shut up and listen once in a while. Hopefully they will have other friends and will introduce you to them, thereby expanding your circle.
Friendships which begin due to location, for example, next-door neighbors or school classmates, rarely survive transitions such as moving to other neighborhoods, schools, colleges, jobs, immigration, and so forth. Attend a school reunion and you’ll wonder what on earth you ever had in common with these people other than your age, although it is possible to have a friendship with someone you met at school. Mutually maintain it, and eventually become godparent or “uncle” to each others’ children.
How Friendships are Maintained
To have a friend you must also be a friend and be prepared to be there for them should they need you. Failure in this respect would label you a fair-weather friend and you would most probably be abandoned.
Boundaries
Like every other relationship you have in your life, there are boundaries you shouldn’t cross with your friends. One of those is money: Don’t lend to your friend and don’t ask for a loan yourself.
Friends are unpaid counselors（顧問）,but phoning them at 2 am because you’re awake and would like a chat is not a good idea. Neither is phoning them at 10 am if you know they’re a shift-worker. Friends are people who need some space and quiet time. Generally, it all boils down to mutual respect and understanding.
It’s not a good plan to interrupt your friend while they’re on a date/on holiday/attending an orchestral recital/at a funeral.
Trust
Trust is the most vital element in any relationship. If you’re not trustworthy then you probably don’t deserve friends, so try to remember that you promised to see that dull film with them or applaud them at their first attempt at a karaoke or an Open Mic night. If you have promised to look after their clothes while they go for a bet, then make sure you do. You might like to carry enough cash to help them out too, as you never know when that situation might be reversed.
Don’t lie to your friend: if they know you well they’ll know you’re lying or will at least be suspicious. If you find out something that you know will hurt your friend, be tactful（圓滑）. Do they need to know? Would they appreciate knowing? Can you tell their mum so she can break the news? Cowardly, yes, but mums usually have a much better way with words. Remember, if you do decide to tell them and it’s painful, they will probably need some time alone, after lashing out at（抨擊）the closest thing—you. In that case, play the waiting game. Then don’t beat them up about it afterwards.
A Friend for Life
Strong friendships can last a lifetime with care and consideration. The benefits are multi-folds; you’ve got someone to share birthday cake with, and especially for single people, a pub meal or a trip to the cinema is no fun alone, is it? Plus it’s always nice to know there’s someone there for you, as you’re there for them, through the bad times as well as the good. Altogether now: Oh I get by with a little help from my friends. Mm, I get high with a little help from my friends.
1.According to the passage we can learn that good friends should be ___________.
|
A．paid counselors |
B．money lenders |
|
C．good listeners |
D．next-door neighbors |
2.The author brings in the topic by ___________.
|
A．giving negative examples |
B．raising a relative question |
|
C．describing a natural fact |
D．explaining what friends are |
3.The underlined phrase “a fair-weather friend” in Para 6 probably refers to a friend who _____.
|
A．likes only fine weather |
|
B．will always stand by you |
|
C．likes to make friends in fine weather |
|
D．will run away from you when you need help badly |
4.What can be inferred from the passage?
|
A．The more friends you have, the happier you will be. |
|
B．Medication is also a better way to maintain strong friendships. |
|
C．You may lose a friend if you are always telling lies to him or her. |
|
D．We should only make friends with those having similar interests. |
5. From the last paragraph we can learn that the author ____________.
|
A．doubt whether there are true friends and friendship |
|
B．has lost a lot of good friends without any reasons |
|
C．has already benefited a great deal from his friends |
|
D．has been tired of making friends with single people |
6. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
|
A．How to make friends. |
B．Friends and friendship. |
|
C．Ways to maintain friendship. |
D．Boundaries of friends. |
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