We know the famous ones — the Thomas Edisons and the Alexander Graham Bells — but what about the less famous inventors? What about the people who invented the traffic light and the windshield wiper（雨刮器）? Shouldn’t we know who they are?

Joan Mclean think so. In fact, Mclean, a professor of physics at Mountain University in Range, feels so strongly about this matter that she’s developed a course on the topic. In addition to learning “who” invented “what”, however, Mclean also likes her students to learn the answers to the “why” and “how” questions. According to Mclean, “When students learn the answers to these questions, they are better prepared to recognize opportunities for inventing and more motivated to give inventing a try.”

Her students agree. One young man with a patent for an unbreakable umbrella is walking proof of Mclean’ statement. “If I had not heard the story of the windshield wiper’s invention,” said Tommy Lee, a senior physics major, “I never would have dreamed of turning my bad experience during a rainstorm into something so constructive.” Lee is currently negociating to sell his patent to an umbrella producer.

So, just what is the story behind the windshield wiper? Well, Mary Anderson came up with the idea in 1902 after a visit to New York City. The day was cold and stormy, but Anderson still wanted to see the sights, so she jumped aboard a streetcar. Noticing that the driver was struggling to see through the snow covering the windshield, she found herself wondering why there couldn’t be a built-in device for cleaning the window. Still wondering about this when she returned home to Birmingham, Alabama, Anderson started drafting out solutions. One of her ideas, a lever(操作桿) on the inside of a vehicle that would control an arm on the outside, became the first windshield wiper.

Today we benefit from countless inventions and innovations. It’s hard to imagine driving without Garrett A. Morgan’s traffic light. It’s equally impossible to picture a world without Katherine J. Blodgett’s innovation that makes glass invisible. Can you picture life without clear windows and eyeglasses?

1.By mentioning “traffic light” and “windshield wiper”, the author indicates that countless inventions are ________.

A. beneficial, because their inventors are famous

B. beneficial, though their inventors are less famous

C. not useful, because their inventors are less famous

D. not useful, though their inventors are famous

2.Professor Joan Mclean’s course aims to ________.

A. add colour and variety to students’ campus life

B. inform students of the windshield wiper’s invention

C. carry out the requirements by Mountain University

D. prepare students to try their own invention

3.Tommy Lee’s invention of the unbreakable umbrella was ________.

A. not eventually accepted by the umbrella producer

B. inspired by the story behind the windshield wiper

C. due to his dream of being caught in a rainstorm

D. not related to Professor Joan McLean’s lectures

4.Which of the following can best serve as the title of this passage?

A. How to Help Students to Sell Their Inventions to Producers?

B. How to Design a Built-in Device for Cleaning the Window?

C. Shouldn’t We Know Who Invented the Windshield Wiper?

D. Shouldn’t We Develop Invention Courses in Universities?

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科目：高中英語 來源：2016屆山東泰安一中高三5月高考拉練模擬（一）英語試卷（解析版） 題型：短文填空

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On hot days it is also advisable to take a bottle of water with you as Underground trains are not air-conditioned.

Last trains leave central London at around 00:30 weekdays, 23:30 Sundays. First trains leave the suburbs at around 5:00.

The Bus System

Outside the center of London, Tube stations are farther apart, so buses help fill the gaps. Also, the bus offers a cheaper alternative, even if it is a slower journey.

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River Services

There are a number of different routes along the River Thames. The faster commuter services operate all day from Greenwich Pier to Embankment and from Putney and Chelsea harbour to Blackfriars during Peak Hours only. These routes will pass a number of places of interest including the Houses of Parliament and London Bridge. A return fare from Putney to Blackfriars will cost about 12 pounds.

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Once you leave Central London or if you are traveling South of the River Thames, the best public transport option will often be National Rail. There are numerous connections to the Rail System from the Tube. Travelcards can be used for travel on the National Rail (but not the Heathrow Express). Oyster cards can be used up to Zone 6 except certain services including Heathrow Express, Heathrow Connect and HSI.

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A. you should buy tickets with cash

B. you can save more money with a single ticket

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Myth Number Two：Safety belts “trap” people in cars that are burning or sinking in water.

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書面表達(dá)

假如你是李華，請(qǐng)按以下提示給你班因病住院的美國交換生Louis寫一封e-mail:

1. 表示關(guān)心；

2. 表達(dá)對(duì)Louis的安慰；

3. 表示愿意提供幫助。

注意：1. 詞數(shù)100左右；

2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；

3. 開頭語和結(jié)尾語已經(jīng)為你寫好。

Dear Louis,

I am very sorry to hear that you are ill and in hospital. _______________________________________________________________________________

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假定英語課上英語老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（﹨）劃掉。

修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均限一詞。

2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。

Dear Grace,

How is everything going with you?

I’ve been in Russia for two months. This is the first time that I’ve been away my family for such a long time. With the help of Katia, a roommate of me, I soon get used to live without my parents around. Katia, like many other Russian girls, are nice and lively. We became friend shortly after we met each other. Although her English is a little hardly to understand, we enjoy chatting and we usually talk a lot about our own family. We’re both surprising that Chinese culture and Russian culture were so different. Now, we are planning a small party for the next Sunday. There, Katia will introduce me to some of her friends, one of who has been to China several times. I just can’t wait.

Write back to me as soon as possible.

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A new book called “Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother” by Amy Chua has caused a debate (爭論) about cultural differences in parenting. Amy Chua is a teacher in an American university and both of her parents are Chinese. In the book, Ms. Chua writes about how she taught her daughters. She told NBC television that she had a clear list of what her daughters were not allowed to do, such as having a play date, watching TV or playing computer games and getting any grade less than an A.

Many people are against Amy Chua’s parenting style (風(fēng)格), even her husband, who is American. They say it is rude and unfair to children. But she says her parents raised her and her three sisters in that way.

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“The debate is about what it means to be a successful parent and what it means to be a successful child,” said Stacy DeBroff, who has written four books on parenting. She says Amy Chua’s parenting style is not limited to Chinese families. It is a traditional way of parenting among immigrants (移民). They hope to get a better future for their children.

She also sees a risk (風(fēng)險(xiǎn)). When children have no time to be social or to develop their own interests, they might not develop other skills that they need to succeed in life. DeBroff advises parents to develop their own style of parenting and not just repeat the way they were raised.

1.Which of the following words can best describe Amy Chua?

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A. give upB. go onC. go outD. give out

3.According to Ms. DeBroff, _____.

A. Amy Chua’s parenting style should be forbidden

B. Americans should learn from Amy Chua

C. parents should have their own parenting style

D. Amy Chua’s style is bad for children’s growth

4.In which part of a newspaper can you read the passage?

A. Business.B. Entertainment.C. Sports.D. Culture.

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