3．In the United States alone，over 100million cell-phones are thrown away each year．Cell-phones are part of a growing mountain of electronic waste like computers and personal digital assistants．The electronic waste stream is increasing three times faster than traditional garbage as a whole．
Electronic devices contain valuable metals such as gold and silver．A Swiss study reported that while the weight of electronic goods represented by precious metals was relatively small in comparison to total waste，the concentration （含量） of gold and other precious metals was higher in So-called e-waste than in naturally occurring minerals．
Electronic wastes also contain many poisonous metals．Even when the machines are recycled and the harmful metals removed，the recycling process often is carried out in poor countries，in practically uncontrolled ways which allow many poisonous substances to escape into the environment．
Creating products out of raw materials creates much more waste material，up to 100times more，than the material contained in the finished products．Consider again the cell-phone，and imagine the mines that produced those metals，the factories needed to make the box and packaging（包裝） it came in．Many wastes produced in the producing process are harmful as well．
The U．S．Environmental Protection Agency notes that most waste is dangerous in that"the production，distribution，and use of products-as well as management of the resulting waste-all result in greenhouse gas release．"Individuals can reduce their contribution by creating less waste at the start-for instance，buying reusable products and recycling．
In many countries the concept of extended producer responsibility is being considered or has been put in place as an incentive （動機） for reducing waste．If producers are required to take back packaging they use to sell their products，would they reduce the packaging in the first place？
Governments'incentive to require producers to take responsibility for the packaging they produce is usually based on money．Why，they ask，should cities or towns be responsible for paying to deal with the bubble wrap （氣泡墊） that encased your television？
From the governments'point of view，a primary goal of laws requiring extended producer responsibility is to transfer both the costs and the physical responsibility of waste management from the government and tax-payers back to the producers．
58．By mentioning the Swiss study，the author intends to tell us thatB．
A．the weight of e-goods is rather small
B．E-waste deserves to be made good use of
C．natural minerals contain more precious metals
D．the percentage of precious metals is heavy in e-waste
59．The responsibility of e-waste treatment should be extendedB．
A．from producers to governments
B．from governments to producers
C．from individuals to distributors
D．from distributors to governments
60．What does the passage mainly talk about？D
A．The increase in e-waste．
B．The creation of e-waste．
C．The seriousness of e-waste．
D．The management of e-waste．
分析 文章主要介紹了電子垃圾的產(chǎn)生、危害以及相關(guān)解決措施．隨著電子數(shù)碼科技的進步，產(chǎn)生了越來越多的電子垃圾．手機、電腦和電子元器件等被越來越多地扔掉，里面含有像金銀之類的貴金屬，但也含有大量的有毒物質(zhì)，作者詳細地分析了造成這一問題的原因，并提出了堅決問題的建議和措施．
解答 58．B 推理判斷題．文章第一段告訴我們，每年有大量廢棄電子產(chǎn)品被隨意丟棄．緊接著第二段首句"Electronic devices contain valuable metals such as gold and silver．"指出：電子設(shè)備中含有有用的金屬，如金和銀，并用Swiss study佐證這一觀點，據(jù)此可知作者想要告訴我們，電子垃圾值得被充分運用．故答案選B．
59．B 細節(jié)理解題．文中六、七、八段圍繞"生產(chǎn)責任延伸"展開，最后一段做了總結(jié)．根據(jù)最后一段的"a primary goal of laws requiring extended producer responsibility is to transfer both the costs and the physical responsibility of waste management from the government and tax-payers back to the producers．"可知處理電子垃圾的責任應(yīng)該從政府延伸到用戶身上．故答案選B．
60．D 主旨大意題．這篇短文主要講述了電子垃圾被隨意丟棄這一現(xiàn)象，文中詳細分析了造成這一問題的原因，并提出了建議．故答案選D"電子垃圾的管理"．而其余三項都只是概括了文章的部分內(nèi)容，并不能概括全文．
點評 健康環(huán)保類文章常是介紹科學(xué)知識、生活常識和環(huán)境保護方面的短文．閱讀此類短文要以現(xiàn)象或事物為中心進行思考，理解現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生的原因、條件和客觀規(guī)律等．同時要抓住事物的特征、用途和相互關(guān)系等．由于此類文章缺乏故事情節(jié)，很多同學(xué)對此類文章感到費解．文章都是就事論事，需要邏輯推理和想象的時候較少，因此此類閱讀題也沒有同學(xué)們想象中的那么難，只要多加訓(xùn)練，就能較好地答題．
