4．假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文．
文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處．每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改．
     增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞．
      刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（/）劃掉．
修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞．
注意：1．每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；
2．只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分．
Recently，many people have participated about a heated online debate over whether to send the old to nursing homes．People differ in their opinion．Here list the ideas of those who in favor of it．
Living in nursing homes，which they say，old people can enjoy more benefits than staying at home．
For one aspect，they can have more chances of communicate with each other，as they have common topics and similar hobbies．However，they can do many things together and don't feel alone．Some old people prefer living in a nursing home to live at home，saying"We may quarrel with ourselves children because of the generation gap"．Another aspect，which is highly valued，is that the old people can have regular professional medical care from doctors．

分析 本文作者針對(duì)最近在網(wǎng)上熱議的話題（是否將老人送到養(yǎng)老院的問題），主要列舉了那些贊成將老人送往敬老院的一些人的理由．

解答 Recently，many people have participated abouta heated online debate over whether to
send the old to nursing homes．People differ in their opinion．Here list the ideas of those
who∧in favor of it．
Living in nursing homes，which they say，old people can enjoy more benefits than staying
at home．
For one aspect，they can have more chances of communicate with each other，as they have
common topics and similar hobbies．However，they can do many things together and don't
feel alone．Some old people prefer living in a nursing home toliveat home，saying"We
may quarrel withourselveschildren because of the generation gap"．Another aspect，which
is highly valued，is thatthe old people can have regular professional medical care from doctors．
詳解：
1．a(chǎn)bout改為in  考查固定搭配   participate in=take part in意為：參加，參與；故用in．
2．opinion改為opinions   考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)   此處指的是：他們的觀點(diǎn)，由于opinion是可數(shù)名詞，故用opinions．
3．who之后加are    考查句意理解以及系表結(jié)構(gòu)   本句的意思是：這里列出了那些贊成它的一些人的想法；本句是由who（指代先行詞those）引導(dǎo)的定語從句，由于該從句中缺少謂語，故應(yīng)在介詞短語in favor of it前加系動(dòng)詞are構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)．
4．which改為as   考查關(guān)系代詞   此處用來引導(dǎo)非限定性的定語從句，意為：正如…一樣；故用as．
5．of改為to或 communicate改為communicating/communication    考查固定搭配   have a chance to do sth=have a chance of doing/sth意為：有機(jī)會(huì)做某事；故用to或?qū)ommunicate改為communicating/communication．   
6．However改為Therefore  考查句意理解以及連詞   結(jié)合上一句的意思：一方面，由于有著共同的話題和相似的愛好，因此他們可以有更多的機(jī)會(huì)互相交流；可知此處的意思應(yīng)是：因此，他們可以一起做許多事情，并不會(huì)感到孤獨(dú)；此處表示因果關(guān)系而非轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，并且根據(jù)此處之后的逗號(hào)可知，這里應(yīng)使用Therefore．
7．a(chǎn)lone改為lonely  考查形容詞詞義辨析    alone：?jiǎn)为?dú)的；lonely 孤獨(dú)的，寂寞的；此處指的是：不會(huì)感到孤獨(dú)；故用lonely．
8．live改為living   考查固定搭配    perfer doing A to doing B：與做B相比更喜歡做A；故用living．
9．ourselves改為our   考查形容詞性的物主代詞  此處用來修飾名詞children，指的是我們的孩子，故用形容詞性的物主代詞our．
10．去掉the  考查句意理解以及零冠詞    本句的意思是：另一個(gè)值得高度重視的方面是，老年人還可以有醫(yī)生對(duì)其進(jìn)行定期的專業(yè)醫(yī)療服務(wù)；由于此處表示泛指老年人，故去掉that之后的the．

點(diǎn)評(píng) 短文改錯(cuò)是集語法知識(shí)與語言技能為一體的綜合性試題，主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)詞匯、語法和語篇三要素的把握能力．錯(cuò)誤類型一般有：缺詞、多詞和錯(cuò)詞．常見的錯(cuò)誤有：1 詞法錯(cuò)誤，主要包括動(dòng)詞、名詞、冠詞、形容詞、副詞、代詞和介詞等詞類誤用、同義詞混淆使用、固定搭配等方面．解答此類試題時(shí)，需要正確分析句子成分，熟練掌握各詞類的用法以及掌握一些固定搭配等．2 常見句法錯(cuò)誤．通常表現(xiàn)為簡(jiǎn)單句、復(fù)合句以及疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句等錯(cuò)誤．解答此類試題時(shí)，需要掌握各類句子的句式結(jié)構(gòu)及意義用法．3 應(yīng)在理解文章大意的前提下，進(jìn)行作答．

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