1.It is,everyone agrees,a huge task that the child performs when he learns to speak,and the fact that he does so in so short a period of time challenges explanation.
Language learning begins with listening.Individual children vary greatly in the amount of listening they do before they start speaking,and late starters are often long listeners.Most children will"obey"spoken instructions some time before they can speak,though the word obey is hardly accurate as a description of the eager and delighted cooperation usually shown by the child.Before they can speak,many children will also ask questions by gesture and by making questioning noises.
Any attempt to trace the development from the noises babies make to their first spoken words leads to considerable difficulties.It is agreed that they enjoy making noises,and that during the first few months one or two noises sort themselves out as particularly indicative of delight,distress,sociability,and so on.But since these cannot be said to show the baby's intention to communicate,they can hardly be regarded as early forms of language.It is agreed,too,that from about three months they play with sounds for enjoyment,and that by six months they are able to add new sounds to their repertoire (能發(fā)出的全部聲音).This self-imitation leads on to deliberate (有意識(shí)的) imitation of sounds made or words spoken to them by other people.The problem then arises as to the point at which one can say that these imitations can be considered as speech.
111.By"…challenges explanation"Line 2,Para.1.the author means thatC.
A.no explanation is necessary for such an obvious phenomenon
B.no explanation has been made up to now
C.it's no easy job to provide an adequate explanation
D.it's high time that an explanation was provided
112.The third paragraph is mainly aboutA.
A.the development of babies'early forms of language
B.the difficulties of babies in learning to speak
C.babies'strong desire to communicate
D.babies'intention to communicate
113.The author's purpose in writing the second paragraph is to show that childrenD.
A.usually obey without asking questions
B.a(chǎn)re passive in the process of learning to speak
C.a(chǎn)re born cooperative
D.learn to speak by listening
114.From the passage we learn thatC.
A.early starters can learn to speak within only six months
B.children show a strong desire to communicate by making noises
C.imitation plays an important role in learning to speak
D.children have various difficulties in learning to speak
115.The best title for this passage would beA.
A.How Babies Learn to Speak
B.Early Forms of Language
C.A Huge Task for Children
D.Noise Making and language Learning.
分析 本文主要討論了孩子是如何學(xué)習(xí)說話的話題并指出孩子學(xué)習(xí)說話是一個(gè)艱巨的任務(wù).
解答 CADCA
111.C 這是一道詞含義猜測(cè)題.challenge的意思是"引起,激發(fā),要求",而要求做到的事往往是艱巨或需要費(fèi)力的事.
112.A 該題考查對(duì)段落大意的概括能力.短文第三段首句"Any attempt to trace the development from the noises babies make to their first spoken words leads to considerable difficulties."是該段的主題句.全文試圖說明嬰兒學(xué)會(huì)說話的過程是困難的,整段的意思都是圍繞著嬰兒學(xué)會(huì)說話的發(fā)展過程而展開的.故答案為A.
113.D 這是一道段落大意概括題.短文第二段首句"Language learning begins with listening"是該段的主題句,在該段中作者所要表達(dá)的主要意思是嬰兒學(xué)語言是從聽大人說話開始的.故D為最佳選項(xiàng).
114.C 該題考查對(duì)短文中主要事實(shí)或觀點(diǎn)的理解和概括能力.通讀全文尤其是根據(jù)短文末段的最后兩句"This self-imitation leads on to deliberate(有意識(shí)的)…say that these imitations can be considered as speech."可知嬰兒先是自我模仿,然后漸漸有意識(shí)地模仿別人的話或聲音,從模仿到說話的界線是模糊的,可是模仿在學(xué)說中起了重要的作用.故答案為C.
115.A 主旨判斷題.大部分的文章主題可以在首句和末句找到,本文的主題體現(xiàn)在首句,"It is,everyone agrees,a huge task that the child performs when he learns to speak…",其中心意思是小孩學(xué)習(xí)說話是一個(gè)艱巨的任務(wù).
點(diǎn)評(píng) 閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力,要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系,對(duì)未說明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷;或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論,對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋.考生首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文,完整了解信息,準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn).