12.Death rates for heart disease in Britain have dropped by more than 40percent in a decade,UK scientists will report today.
Wide uptake of cholesterol-busting statin drugs(降膽固醇藥),healthier lifestyles and better medical practices have seen a huge reduction in deaths caused by heart attacks,stroke and other cardiovascular(心血管的) problems.
However,heart disease remains Britain's biggest killer.
The new study,by experts at Oxford University,shows there has been a 44.4percent drop in death rates among men in the UK and a 43.6percent drop among women linked to heart problems in the ten years to 2011.
The team compared death rate associated with cardiovascular disease across Europe.They found that Britain has one of the best records in Europe,with 342deaths as a result of heart disease per 100,000men in 2011,and 232per 100,000women.
Some nations---including Ukraine,Macedonia and Moldova-see more than 1,000heart deaths per 100,000of the population.
Overall,heart disease causes 45percent of all deaths across Europe,but only 27percent in the UK.The study,led by Dr Nick Townsend,showed that cardiovascular disease is mainly a disease of old age.
But researchers said that across Europe  it  still causes more than 1.4million deaths in those aged under 75and nearly 700,000deaths in under 65s.Dr Townsend said:"Cardiovascular disease results in 49percent of deaths among women and 41per cent among men."

5.From the text we can knowD.
A.heart disease no longer threatens the British
B.the heart death rate among British men is lower than among women
C.the old mainly dies of stroke in Europe
D.the heart death rate in Ukraine is higher than in Britain
6.What does the underlined word"it"in the last paragraph refer to?B
A.Stroke.    
B.Cardiovascular disease.
C.Lung disease.
D.Heart attacks.
7.How does the author support his idea?A
A.By analyzing data.
B.By following processes.
C.By describing his own experiences.
D.By discussing research experiments.
8.Where is the text most likely to have been taken from?C
A.A speech                B.A story         
C.A scientific study      D.A personal diary.

分析 本文的科普類說明文,文章介紹因?yàn)榻的懝檀妓帯⒏纳屏说尼t(yī)療實(shí)踐和健康的生活方式,近十年來因心臟病而死亡的比率在英國下降了40%;調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)顯示在英國的記錄數(shù)據(jù)在歐洲是最好的,但是它仍是英國最大的殺手;心血管病主要是老年病,但是它仍會導(dǎo)致很多75和65歲以下的人的死亡;

解答 5.答案選D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題;由第五段中"They found that Britain has one of the best records in Europe,with 342deaths as a result of heart disease per 100,000men in 2011,and 232per 100,000women."可知英國每10萬人中男性有342人因心臟病而死亡,女性有232人因心臟病而死亡;由第六段中"Some nations---including Ukraine,Macedonia and Moldova-see more than 1,000heart deaths per 100,000of the population."可知在 Ukraine每10萬人中因心臟病而死亡的人數(shù)超過1000,可見答案選D.
6.答案選B.詞義猜測題;由倒數(shù)第二段中"The study,led by Dr Nick Townsend,showed that cardiovascular disease is mainly a disease of old age."心血管病主要是老年;隨后在最后一段中作者說明,它仍導(dǎo)致很多75和65歲以下的人的死亡;由此判斷這里的it指的是上文中的 cardiovascular disease,故選B.
7.答案選A.寫作手法判斷題;文章中多處列舉數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析,故選A.
8.答案選C.推斷題;根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容判斷來源;本文分析因心臟病而死亡的比率在英國大幅度下降,但仍然是英國的最大殺手;所以判斷這是科普類文章,故答案選C.

點(diǎn)評 科普文通常學(xué)術(shù)性較強(qiáng),結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn),往往采用總-分-總或總-分的結(jié)構(gòu),且每段的第一句話大多是主旨句.如果抓住了科普文的首尾和每段的第一句話,那么整篇文章的中心思想便了然于心.在做細(xì)節(jié)題時根據(jù)題干定位細(xì)節(jié),在語境中正確理解原句,然后對照選項(xiàng)做出合理的判斷

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