分析 本文的科普類說明文,文章介紹因?yàn)榻的懝檀妓帯⒏纳屏说尼t(yī)療實(shí)踐和健康的生活方式,近十年來因心臟病而死亡的比率在英國下降了40%;調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)顯示在英國的記錄數(shù)據(jù)在歐洲是最好的,但是它仍是英國最大的殺手;心血管病主要是老年病,但是它仍會導(dǎo)致很多75和65歲以下的人的死亡;
解答 5.答案選D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題;由第五段中"They found that Britain has one of the best records in Europe,with 342deaths as a result of heart disease per 100,000men in 2011,and 232per 100,000women."可知英國每10萬人中男性有342人因心臟病而死亡,女性有232人因心臟病而死亡;由第六段中"Some nations---including Ukraine,Macedonia and Moldova-see more than 1,000heart deaths per 100,000of the population."可知在 Ukraine每10萬人中因心臟病而死亡的人數(shù)超過1000,可見答案選D.
6.答案選B.詞義猜測題;由倒數(shù)第二段中"The study,led by Dr Nick Townsend,showed that cardiovascular disease is mainly a disease of old age."心血管病主要是老年;隨后在最后一段中作者說明,它仍導(dǎo)致很多75和65歲以下的人的死亡;由此判斷這里的it指的是上文中的 cardiovascular disease,故選B.
7.答案選A.寫作手法判斷題;文章中多處列舉數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析,故選A.
8.答案選C.推斷題;根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容判斷來源;本文分析因心臟病而死亡的比率在英國大幅度下降,但仍然是英國的最大殺手;所以判斷這是科普類文章,故答案選C.
點(diǎn)評 科普文通常學(xué)術(shù)性較強(qiáng),結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn),往往采用總-分-總或總-分的結(jié)構(gòu),且每段的第一句話大多是主旨句.如果抓住了科普文的首尾和每段的第一句話,那么整篇文章的中心思想便了然于心.在做細(xì)節(jié)題時根據(jù)題干定位細(xì)節(jié),在語境中正確理解原句,然后對照選項(xiàng)做出合理的判斷
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It was a winter morning, just a couple of weeks before Christmas 2005. While most people were warming up their cars, Trevor, my husband, had to get up early to ride his bike four kilometers away from home to work. On arrival, he parked his bike outside the back door as he usually did. After putting in 10 hours of labor, he returned to find his bike gone.
The bike, a black Kona 18 speed, was our only transport. Trevor used it to get to work, putting in 60-hour weeks to support his young family. And the bike was also used to get groceries(食品雜貨),saving us from having to walk long distances from where we live.
I was so sad that someone would steal our bike that I wrote to the newspaper and told them our story. Shortly after that, several people in our area offered to help. One wonderful stranger even bought a bike, then called my husband to pick it up. Once again my husband had a way to get to and from his job. It really is an honor that a complete stranger would go out of their way for someone they have never met before.
People say that a smile can be passed from one person to another, but acts of kindness from strangers are even more so. This experience has had a spreading effect in our lives because it strengthened our faith in humanity(人性)as a whole. And it has influenced(影響)us to be more mindful of ways we, too, can share with others. No matter how big or how small, an act of kindness shows that someone cares. And the results can be everlasting.
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