Question

You____Tom at the party yesterday;he went abroad for a holiday last week.

1. A.
   should have seen
2. B.
   might have seen
3. C.
   mustn’t have seen
4. D.
   couldn’t have seen

Answer 1

D
試題分析：句意：你昨天可能沒(méi)有見(jiàn)到湯姆，他上周就去國(guó)外度假去了。（1）、“must + have + 過(guò)去分詞”表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情或狀態(tài)進(jìn)行推測(cè)，語(yǔ)氣比較堅(jiān)定，通常只用于肯定句。如：
It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 
You must have been mad to speak to the servant. 
（2）、“can / could + have + 過(guò)去分詞”表示對(duì)過(guò)去某種情況的懷疑或不確定。can和could一般用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句，could的語(yǔ)氣較can弱。如：
I didn't see her at the meeting this morning; she can't / couldn't have spoken at the meeting.
He can't have finished the work so soon. 
（3）、“may / might + have + 過(guò)去分詞”表示對(duì)已發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)進(jìn)行不肯定的推測(cè)，might的語(yǔ)氣比may弱一點(diǎn)。這種結(jié)構(gòu)主要用于肯定句和否定句，疑問(wèn)句改用can或could。如：
They may not have known it beforehand.
You might have read about it in the papers.
（4）、“should / ought to + have + 過(guò)去分詞”表示過(guò)去本該做某事但沒(méi)做，其否定式表示過(guò)去不該做某事但做了，這種句式含有不滿或責(zé)備之意，ought to的語(yǔ)氣比should強(qiáng)一些。如：
You ought to / should have studied harder. 你本應(yīng)該更努力學(xué)習(xí)的。（但沒(méi)有）
He oughtn't to / shouldn't have done that. 他本來(lái)就不該做那件事。（可是做了）
考點(diǎn)：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done的用法
點(diǎn)評(píng)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done是高中階段必須掌握的內(nèi)容，是考生容易混淆的地方，也是考生容易失分的難點(diǎn)，考生應(yīng)注意這方面的練習(xí)。
即學(xué)即練：Look at the time! We ______at the theatre ten minutes ago.
A.should have been    B.might have been  C.mustn’t have been D.couldn’t have been
解析：A  句意：瞧都什么時(shí)候了! 十分鐘前我們就該到戲院了。