Question

B [2015 •湖北省武漢市重點中學(xué)高一下學(xué)期期中]

Are some people born clever, and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experiences? Strangely enough, the answer to both these questions is yes. To some degree, our intelligence is given to us at birth, and no amount of special education can make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings. Thus the limits of a person's in?telligence are fixed at birth, but whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment. This view? now held by most experts, can be supported in a number of ways.

It is easy to show that intelligence is to some degree something we are born with. The closer the blood relation?ship between two people, the closer they are likely to be in intelligence. Thus if we take two unrelated people at random(隨機±也)from the population, it is likely that their degrees of intelligence will be completely different. If on the other hand we take two identical (完全相同的) twins, they will very likely be as intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have similar intelligence, and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth.

Imagine now that we take two identical twins and put them in different environments. We might send one, for example, to a university and the other to a factory where the work is boring. We would soon find differences in in?telligence developing, and this indicates that environment as well as birth plays a part. This conclusion is also sug?gested by the fact that people who live in close contact with each other, but who are not related at all, are likely to have similar degrees of intelligence.

20.  Which of these sentences best describes the writer's point in Para. 1?

A.  To some degree, intelligence is given at birth.

B.  Intelligence is developed by the environment.

C.  Some people are born clever and others born stu?pid.

I). Intelligence is fixed at birth, but is developed by the environment.

21.  It is suggested in this passage that .

  A. unrelated people are not likely to have similar in?telligence

B.  close relations usually have similar intelligence

C.  the closer the blood relationship between people, the more different they are likely to be in intelligence

D.  people who live in close contact with each other are not likely to have similar degrees of intelligence

22.  In Para.1 ，the word" surroundings " means

A.   intelligence       B. life

C.   environments       D. housing

23.  The best title for this article would be "

  A.  On intelligence

B.  What intelligence means

C.  We are born with intelligence

D.  Environment plays a part in developing intelli?gence

Answer 1

B

[文章大意]文章主要講的是人的智力。許多專家現(xiàn)在持有的觀點是，智力的極限是由先天決定的，但能否達到極限則取決于后天的生活環(huán)境。

20.  D 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的"Thus the limits of a person's intelligence are fixed at birth, but whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment."可知，一個人的智力在出生時就固定了，但能否達到極限，要視后天的環(huán)境而定，故選D。

21.  B 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的"The closer the blood rela?tionship between two people, the closer they are likely to be in intelligence."可知，兩個人的血緣關(guān)系越近，他們的智力水平越接近，故選B。

22.  C 詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段提到"On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intel?ligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surround-ings."可知，另一方面，在煩悶環(huán)境中成長的孩子智力發(fā)展得不如在豐富多彩的環(huán)境中成長的孩子好。故選C項。

23.  A 主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段"Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experience?，，和第二段"It is easy to show that intelligence is to"."與第三段"...and this indi?cates that environment as well as birth plays a part.，，可知，

文章主要講的是智力。專家持有的觀點是，智力的極限是先天決定的，而能否達到極限取決于后天的環(huán)境，故選

A項。