A single pipeline ___________ all the houses with water.


  1. A.
    is served
  2. B.
    serves
  3. C.
    are serving
  4. D.
    serve
B
固定詞組。serve sb with sth供應某人某物；句意：一根管道給所有房子供應水。
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On August 5 at 10:31 p.m. PST, a rover（探測器）named Curiosity touched down safely on the surface of Mars, and I was lucky enough to have a front-row seat.
My name is Clara, and when I was in Grade 6, I won the essay contest NASA held to name its next Mars rover. The essay I wrote was not even 250 words long, but somehow it was enough to change my life.
I still remember that cold December day, sitting in a science class. I’d finished a worksheet early and decided to get a Time for Kids magazine off Mrs. Estevez’s bookshelf. It was the 2008 Invention Issue, but that wasn’t the only thing that caught my eye. In the magazine, there was an article about a girl who named the Mars Exploration Rovers, Spirit and Opportunity. The article also talked about the essay contest NASA was holding to name its next Mars rover. Before I even knew anything else about it, a single word flooded my 11-year-old mind: Curiosity.
I couldn’t wait for the bell to ring so I could get started on my essay. That afternoon, I raced home from the bus stop, sat down at the computer and typed until my fingers ached. It turned out that I was just in time. A few days later, and the contest would have closed.
Five months later, shortly after I had turned 12, I was watching a National Geographic special on mammoths when the phone rang. My mom answered, and immediately, a wide smile spread across her face. When she told me that I had won, I was happier than I could ever remember being, I screamed and ran up and down the stairs and all around the house. I completely forgot about the mammoths and did not even remember to turn off the TV until it was really late.
Curiosity is such an important part of who I am. I have always been fascinated by the stars, the planets, the sky and the universe. I remember as a little girl, my grandfather and I would sit together in the backyard for hours. He’d tell me stories and point out the stars.
My grandfather lived in China, thousands of miles away from my home in Kansas. I loved the stars because they kept us together even when we were apart. They were always there, yet there was so much I didn’t know about them. That’s what I love so much about space. No matter how much we learn, it will always possess some mystery.
In the past, space exploration may have been a competition to see who got somewhere first or the fastest. But now, it is one of the few things that bring people together. Science is a language that needs no translation. It doesn’t matter where you’re from or what you look like – you just have to have a thirst for knowledge and a passion for learning in order to succeed.
People often ask me why we go to faraway places like Mars. Why do we explore? My answer to that is simple: because we can; because we’re curious; because we as human beings do not just stay holed up in one place. We are constantly wondering and trying to find out what’s over the hill and beyond the horizon.
The curiosity rover is more than just a robot. It is more than just a titanium body and aluminum wheels. Curiosity represents the hard work, passion, love and commitment of thousands of people from all over the world who were brought together by science. Science is so awesome. It is breathtaking and mind-blowing; and sometimes, it’s just a little bit crazy. The discoveries we make about our world are incredibly humbling. They move us forward and have the potential to benefit all of mankind.
This December it will be four years of my life that have been tied to Curiosity in some way. I’ve met so many amazing people through this experience, from scientists to engineers to administrators to volunteers. Their devotion and enthusiasm inspire me greatly. My journey with Curiosity and the MSL mission team has shaped the person that I am today, as well as the person I would one day like to become.
I am deeply grateful to everyone who made it possible for me to have this amazing adventure.
And to you, I hope your curiosity takes you far.
【小題1】 The method the writer uses to begin the passage is _____.

A．telling a storyB．giving an example
C．offering an explanationD．describing a scene
【小題2】Why did the writer hurry home to finish the essay for the contest NASA held?
A．She had just gathered enough information from Time for Kids
B．She wanted to write down what flashed through her mind in time.
C．She knew from Mrs. Estevez the deadline for the contest was approaching.
D．She was afraid she might miss the chance to compete with the former winner.
【小題3】 The writer mentions her grandfather in order to show that ______.
A．she missed him very much.
B．he knew a great deal about space
C．he influenced her to love the stars
D．she treasured their happy moments
【小題4】Which of the following serves as a summary of Paragraph 11?
A．The writer was inspired to be a volunteer by the people she met.
B．The writer owed her success to her team members’ encouragement.
C．The writer met many difficulties in her four-year life with Curiosity.
D．The writer has benefited a lot from her experience tied to Curiosity.
【小題5】Which best describes the writer’s tone in the passage?
A．Sharp.B．Proud.C．Aggressive.D．Enthusiastic.
【小題6】What is conveyed in the passage?
A．Curiosity is important to human beings.
B．A thirst for knowledge helps one grow up.
C．Entering a contest is a way to achieve success.
D．Curiosity changes people’s attitude towards science.

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Title
 More Models of Hydrogen Cars Being Tested
The progress of hydrogen fuel cell
·(1) ________ by Sir William Grove in 1839.
·Designed (2) ________ ever since.
·Used in Apollo spaceships in the twentieth century.
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·The electrons are (4) ________ from the protons in the hydrogen atoms.
·The protons pass through the fuel cell to the other side.
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·The gas meets the protons，and then water and heat are(6) ________
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·There are many technical problems (8) ________
·The durability of the membranes in P.E.M. fuel cells is not clear.
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·They must be smaller and less costly before (10) ________ gasoline engines.

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My name is Clara. I still remember that chilly December day, sitting in science class. I’d finished a worksheet early and picked up a TIME for Kids magazine. A piece of news caught my eye: NASA was holding an essay contest to name its Mars rover(火星探測器).Before I even knew anything else about it, a single word flooded my 11-year-old mind, Curiosity.

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    Five months later, my mom received a phone call, and immediately, a wide smile spread across her face.

    On August 5,2012,at 10:31 p.m, the rover named Curiosity touched down safely on the surface of Mars, and I was honored to have a front-row seat in NASA.

    Curiosity is such an important part of who I am. I have always been fascinated by the stars, the planets, the sky and the universe. I remember as a little girl, my grandmother and I would sit together in the backyard for hours. She’d tell me stories and point out the stars, Grandma lived in China, thousands of miles away from my home in Kansas, but the stars kept us together even when we were apart. They were always there, yet there was so much I didn’t know about them. That’s what I love so much about space.

    People often ask me why we go to faraway places like Mares. My answer is simple because we’re curious. We human beings do not just hole up in one place. We are constantly wondering and trying to find out what’s over the hill and beyond the horizon.

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2.Why did Clara have a front-row seat in NASA?( no more than 10 words)

3.What does Clara remember about the time spent with Grandma?( no more than 15 words)

4.What does the underlined phrase “hole up”mean?(1 word)

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For years, the automobile industry has been testing vehicles that use hydrogen as fuel. Now, people across the United States have had a chance to see and even drive cars that get power from hydrogen fuel cells (燃料電池).

But the hydrogen fuel cell is not a new idea. The fuel cell was first invented by Sir William Grove of Britain in 1839. Since then, many different designs, have been invented. There is one place where fuel cells are a proven technology: in space. The American space agency used fuel cells in its Apollo spaceships in the twentieth century.

The most useful fuel cell for transportation purposes is the Polymer Electrolyte Membrane, or P.E.M. fuel cell. It is simple and can operate at temperatures of sixty to eighty degrees Celsius. That is much lower than other fuel cell designs. A P.E.M. fuel cell has two sides divided by a thin membrane (膜). Hydrogen gas is forced through one side where it comes in contact with a reactive material containing the metal platinum(鉑). The membrane separates the electrons(電子) from the protons(質子) in the hydrogen atoms. The protons pass through it to the other side of the fuel cell. But the electrons are captured to do work; like powering a motor. Oxygen from the air is forced into the other side of the fuel cell. There, the gas meets the protons that have passed through the membrane. They combine to form water and heat. A single fuel cell does not produce a lot of electricity. But when many fuel cells are combined, they can produce enough electricity to power a vehicle. The product of the chemical reaction that powers fuel cells is water. This makes fuel cells a very clean technology.

Hydrogen fuel cell cars have been slow to develop because of many technical problems that have to be solved. For example, it is unclear how long the membranes in P.E.M. fuel cells will last. Also, fuel cells need water for their chemical reactions. They must be designed to start easily at low temperatures and in dry climates. And smaller, less costly fuel cells must be designed before they can truly take the place of gasoline engines. Now more models of fuel cell vehicles are being tested than ever before. The threat of climate change and the high cost of oil have increased interest in these vehicles that do not cause pollution.

Title

 More Models of Hydrogen Cars Being Tested

The progress of hydrogen fuel cell

·1.________ by Sir William Grove in 1839.

·Designed 2.________ ever since.

·Used in Apollo spaceships in the twentieth century.

 Operating principle of P.E.M.

·It has two sides divided by a thin membrane.

·Hydrogen gas from one side 3.________ the active metal platinum.

·The electrons are 4.________ from the protons in the hydrogen atoms.

·The protons pass through the fuel cell to the other side.

·Oxygen from the air is5.________ into the other side of the fuel cell.

·The gas meets the protons，and then water and heat are6. ________

Reasons for slow 7.___________

of hydrogen fuel cell cars

·There are many technical problems8. ________

·The durability of the membranes in P.E.M. fuel cells is not clear.

·They have to start easily at 9.________ temperatures and in dry climates.

·They must be smaller and less costly before 10.________ gasoline engines.

 

 

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