Question

【題目】 As a famous doctor, Sigmund Freud has problems telling his left from his right. He writes in his diary: I do not know whether it is obvious to other people which is their own or other’s right or left. In my case, I have to think which is my right and no organic feeling tells me. To make sure which is my right hand, I have to make a few writing movements quickly.

Neuroscientist Eric Chudler at the University of Washington referred to a recent study where 71 of 364 (19.5 percent) college professors and 311 of 1,185 (26.2 percent) college students said that they occasionally, frequently or all of the time had difficulty when they had to quickly identify right from left. Chudler told The Washington Post that 95 percent of the 3,719 people who tried his test reported more difficulty with left/right than with up/down.

In most cases, left/right confusion is rarely a big deal. But knowing your directions obviously can be critical if you’re a surgeon or a pilot. That’s why in key situations, there are plans in place to minimize（使減到最少）the chance of problems. In a health care situation, someone may write “not this leg” on a limb（肢）, for example. And in the air, because distractions（分心）can cause any number of errors, pilots must avoid all non—essential conversation during the critical phases of flight.

Experts say that right/left confusion doesn’t mean you’re not smart. But scientists aren’t totally sure what causes the right/left confusion. There does, however, seem to be a link between right/left confusion and brain lateralization（偏側(cè)性）—the fact that the right and left halves of the brain each control unique functions.

There may, however, be an association with gender（性別）. Several studies have found that women are more likely than men to say they are sometimes unable to distinguish between their right and their left. But some researchers say that’s only because women are more likely than men to admit they may have a problem.

【1】According to Sigruund Freud’s diary, he .

A.can’t tell the right directly

B.doesn’t know which is his right hand

C.is more foolish than other people

D.isn’t satisfied with his organic feeling

【2】Eric Chudler mentions the numbers in Paragraph 2 to tell us that .

A.it is easy to tell up from down

B.left/right is as important as up/down

C.many people have trouble with left/right

D.most people can judge left/right easily

【3】Which of the following may be the important moment of flight according to the text?

A.When the plane is taking off.

B.When the plane is coming down.

C.When the pilot is talking with others.

D.When the pilot is judging the directions.

【4】Where can you probably read the text?

A.In a private diary.B.In a science fiction.

C.In a latest newspaper.D.In a fashion magazine.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】C

【3】D

【4】C

【解析】

本文為記敘文。文章以一位醫(yī)生的日記為話題切入點，并通過最近的一些研究，介紹了許多人在區(qū)分左右方向有一定的困難。在作者看來清楚的區(qū)分左右有時候十分重要。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“As a famous doctor, Sigmund Freud has problems telling his left from his right. He writes in his diary: I do not know whether it is obvious to other people which is their own or other’s right or left....To make sure which is my right hand, I have to make a few writing movements quickly”作為一個著名的醫(yī)生，西格蒙德·弗洛伊德很難分辨他的左右。他在日記中寫道：對他人來說區(qū)分他們自己的還是別人的左右很容易，而我卻不知道如何區(qū)分。而我為了確定哪只手是我的右手，我必須快速地做一些書寫動作。由此可知，該醫(yī)生不能直接判斷左右方向。故選A。

【2】推理判斷題。該段提供了一系列數(shù)字和比例，根據(jù)其中的 “...71 of 364 (19.5 percent) college professors and 311 of 1,185 (26.2 percent) college students said that they occasionally, frequently or all of the time had difficulty when they had to quickly identify right from left ... 95 percent of the 3,719 people who tried his test reported more difficulty with left/right than with up/down.”其中364名大學(xué)教授中有71名（19.5%）和1185名大學(xué)生中有311名（26.2%）說，當(dāng)他們不得不快速地從左向右識別時，他們偶爾、經(jīng)�；蛞恢庇欣щy... 在3719名接受測試的人中，95%的人報告說辨別左/右比上/下更難。由此可以推知，許多人對區(qū)分左右有一定的困難。故選C。

【3】推理判斷題。第三段開始的第一句In most cases, left/right confusion is rarely a big deal介紹了在有些情況下區(qū)分左右的重要性。下面But knowing your directions obviously can be critical if you’re a surgeon or a pilot....for example. And in the air, because distractions（分心）can cause any number of errors, pilots must avoid all non—essential conversation during the critical phases of flight. 但如果你是一名外科醫(yī)生或飛行員，知道自己的方向顯然是至關(guān)重要的...如在空中，因為分心會導(dǎo)致許多錯誤，飛行員在飛行的關(guān)鍵階段必須避免所有不必要的對話。由此可以推斷出，飛行員判斷方向很重要，不容分心，如果在飛行的關(guān)鍵時刻由于不知道方向而與別人對話會導(dǎo)致錯誤的發(fā)生。由此可推斷出在飛行的關(guān)鍵時刻，飛行員判斷方向非常重要。故選D。

【4】推理判斷題。本文話題是有關(guān)區(qū)分左右的困惑，為此作者引用了科學(xué)家們最新的研究成果，由此可以推知，讀者應(yīng)該在最新的報紙上可以閱讀到這篇文章。故選C。