Everybody in this world is different from one another．But do you know that understanding differences can help you better manage your money？

As we grow up，we gradually develop a set of our own values or beliefs．These are influenced by society，our family，the education we receive and so on．Once this value system is set up，it's not easy to change later in life．

Financial experts say that everyone also has their own belief of how to manage their finances．This is part of our value system and it has a great impact on the way we look after our money．

According to our different values，experts put us in three categories．They are：the ant，the cricket and the snail．

The ant-works first

Just like ants who work heart and soul in summer in order to store food for winter，these people don't care about enjoying the moment．They work very hard and save money they earn so that they can enjoy life when they get old and retire．The ant loves to save but they could make more out of their money if they were willing to invest in some funds and stocks with low risk．

The cricket-fun first

The cricket wants to enjoy everything now and doesn't think too much about the future．They even borrow money when they really want something．Many young people now belong to this group．These people have little savings．When they get old，they might have problems．They should learn to save and buy insurance．

The snail-lives under pressure

The snail refers to people who make life difficult for themselves．They take big long-term loans from the bank in order to buy things such as luxury houses．They are happy to take big loans even though they are not sure whether they can afford it．This can cause problems in the future．They should plan more carefully．

1. People with the character of the snail would like to __________．

A． enjoy life at the moment without thinking much about the future

B． put work before everything else

C． live a luxury life at all costs

D． take the risk of investing a large sum of money

2. Our beliefs and values are affected by the following except __________．

A． society B． our family

C． education D． money

3. This passage mainly talks about __________．

A． the spending nature of people

B． the relation between man and insects

C． the insects in nature

D． the problems with dealing with money

4. Which of the following has the character that the author prefers？

A． The ant B． The cricket

C． The snail D． None of the above

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ID systems are used as a means for people to prove their identity, as a means of access control, or for many other situations. ID cards also contain a lot more information than simply the name of the holder. All ID cards contain information that is relevant to the institution that released them, so there is no single model that applies to all ID cards.

Different institutions have different rules when it comes to ID cards, and ID cards used by students, in universities, will not have the same security features as those used in the military, for example. The more important the institution is, the more important the security is, and the more security features will be used to prevent duplication(復制) of an ID card.

Anyone with a printer that can print ID cards can duplicate in ID card, if it does not have any security measures. There have been lots of cases, especially in low security institutions, where ID cards have been duplicated and this was not noticed, since the person holding the card usually flashed it when it was requested, and that was not enough to notice that it is a fake.

That may not be extremely important when it is simply a case of a student trying to enter the campus of another university, but it can be of vital importance if it happens in a military institution. Checks in military institutions are much stricter and the personnel checking the card are always trained to spot fakes in a short amount of time.

Some may think that creating an ID card is extremely difficult, but it is not. All it takes is a special printer that can print ID cards, a model and a photo ID. The fact that such printers can be freely ordered online has raised security issues with lots of companies and institutions, and most have decided to either create their own ID cards, or simply use more advanced security features that regular home-users do not have access to. This includes magnetic stripes(磁條), chips, barcodes(條形碼),and other methods. This does increase the cost of the card per person, so the total cost of the cards increases based on the number of employees the company has, but it also reduces security risks to a minimum.

So ID systems, as basic as they seem, are an excellent security measure for any institution. To ensure that the IDs look good and function properly, the company that handles the card printing services should be top-class. Trying to save some money by choosing a cheaper provider is not really wise. While some companies offer bonuses for large orders, if the quality provided is not of the highest standard, it is not worth it.

ID systems

Passage outline

Supporting details

1.______ to ID system

There is not a single model 2._____ to all ID cards because of different information contained in different ID cards.

Different security features are decided by the degree of the 3.____ of the institutions

Security features of ID cards

With no security measures quite a lot of 4.______ of ID card duplication have happened.

In a military institution ID cards are 5._____ more strictly

6._______ of ID cards

It is not7.______ to make ID cards with special printers.

Using magnetic stripes, chips and barcodes8.______ the safety of ID cards.

The author’s advice

9._______ basic and simple, ID systems are an excellent security measure.

It’s wise to 10._____ top-class providers or services to ensure ID cards of a fine quality.

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D

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1．你班計劃于11月14日（星期五）下午4：00-5：30舉行一場英語演講比賽

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Dear Mr．Hill’

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